rompi and rompi?i, okupiand okupi?i

rompi 和 rompi?i, okupi 和 okupi?i

We have already encountered the intransitive -i? affix when learning fari?i and komenci?i. Similarly, rompi means to break something, while rompi?i means to become or get broken. 

我們已經(jīng)在學(xué)fari?i 和 komenci?i的時(shí)候見過不及物詞綴-i?，類似的，rompi的意思是打破某物，而rompi?i 的意思是某物碎裂，被折斷

And okupi means to occupy something, while okupi?i means to become occupied.

而okupi意思是占領(lǐng)某物，而 okupi?i意思是被占領(lǐng)

kiel eble plej

Kiel eble plej..... followed by an adverb is an expression similar to the English expression "as .... as possible." For example:

Kiel eble plej后面跟副詞，翻譯成英語的意思大概和“盡可能…..”

dolori al iu....

In Esperanto, we use dolori al to say that a particular part of the body hurts a person: 

在世界語中，我們使用dolori al 來說人的身體的部分受傷了

Doloras al mi lakapo. OR "La kapo doloras al mi. OR Doloras min la kapo. OR La kapo doloras min.

My head hurts. (Head is the subject)

我的頭受傷了（頭是賓語）

La brako doloras al ?i. OR La brako doloras ?in.

Her arm hurts. (Arm is the subject).

她的手臂受傷了（手臂是賓語）

It is also possible to say Mia kapo doloras. (My head hurts.) or ?ia brako doloras. (Her arm hurts) as we do in English.

也能夠說Mia kapo doloras. (My head hurts.我的頭受傷了) 或者 ?ia brako doloras. (Her arm hurts她的手受傷了)，就像我們用英語表述的那樣。

la can take the place of possessive pronouns

la能夠代替物主代詞

When talking about relatives, parts of one's body, a piece of one's clothing, an intimate possession, etc, la can take the place of a possessive pronoun.

當(dāng)提及到關(guān)系詞，某人身體的一部分，某人的一件衣服，一件私有物等等，la能夠代替物主代詞。

This usage is understood in the appropriate context.

這種用法能夠在適當(dāng)?shù)纳舷挛闹惺褂?/p>

For example:

Mi finfine trovis la okulvitrojn. = I finally found my glasses. 我最終找到了我的眼鏡

La kapo doloras al mi. = My head hurts. 

我的頭受傷了

Lavu la manojn! = Wash your hands! 

把你的手洗干凈！

kontra?

Here we learn another setting for the word kontra?, previously taught in its primary meaning of "against" or "opposite". In a medical setting, kontra? means "for the purpose of treating or curing": 

現(xiàn)在我們來學(xué)kontra?另外的意思，之前學(xué)的意思是“against，對立的”或者"opposite，相反的"。在醫(yī)學(xué)(的領(lǐng)域)中，kontra?的意思是“for the purpose of treating or curing為了治療或治愈的目的”：

Mi prenis medikamenton kontra? febro. 

I took a medication for fever.

我拿了發(fā)燒藥

correlatives with –ial

帶有-ial表解詞

-ial words refer to a reason or motive for doing something.

-ial的詞指代做某件事的原因或者動(dòng)機(jī)

kialo

Kialo means"a reason", and comes from the correlative kial, why:

Kialo意思是“原因”，來自表解詞kial，why（為什么）

Li faris tion sen bona kialo.

He did that without a good reason.

他干那件事沒有一個(gè)好的理由

ekzercisin : the reflexive form

ekzercisin :反身代詞形式

In English, we use special pronouns, the so-called reflexive pronouns, if the object of aphrase refers to the same person(s) as the subject.

在英語中，如果詞組的賓語指代的和主語是同一個(gè)人，我們便使用特殊代詞，即所謂的反身代詞。

I see you(you is a regular pronoun)

我看你（你是個(gè)常規(guī)代詞）

You see yourself(yourself is a reflexive pronoun - it is used here because the person being seen is the same as the person who is seeing.)

你看你自己（yourself是個(gè)反身代詞，它在這里出現(xiàn)是因?yàn)楸豢凑吆涂慈苏呤峭粋€(gè)人）

Esperanto doesn't have reflexive pronouns for I/me, you or we/us.

在世界語中，并沒有i/me（我）,you（你）或者we/us（我們）的反身代詞

?i vidas vin - She sees you 

她看你 

Vi vidas vin - You see yourself 

你看你自己 

Esperanto only has one reflexive pronoun, si, used for he/him, she/her, and they/them.

世界語只有一個(gè)反身代詞：si，用于he/him（他）和they/them（他們）

?i vidas sin ("She sees herself"; the person who is being seen is the same as the person who is seeing.) -?i vidas ?in ("She sees her"; the person being seen is not the same as the person who is seeing.)

?i vidas sin（她看她自己；看人者和被看人者是同一個(gè)人）。?i vidas ?in （她看她，看人者和被看者不是同一個(gè)人）

Si is gender-neutral and works for both singular and plural.

Si是個(gè)性別中立的詞，而且適用于單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

原文:http://www.duolingo.cn/skill/eo/Medical

翻譯:vanilo

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