多鄰國(guó)世界語(yǔ)新版Tips and Notes The Weather 天氣篇(中英對(duì)照)

No "it"
沒(méi)有“it”
Note that the word "it" is not translated in the following expressions:
留意一下,單詞“it”在下列表達(dá)中并未翻譯出來(lái):
Pluvas. = (It) is raining.(下雨了)
Ne?as. = (It) is snowing.(下雪了)
Estas varma tago. = (It) is a warm day.(溫暖的一天)

?u
?u introduces a yes/no question. In contrast to English, it is not necessary to invert the subject and verb:
?u 引導(dǎo)的是一般疑問(wèn)句。和英語(yǔ)相比,世界語(yǔ)的一般疑問(wèn)句不用將主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞前后倒置:

Questions in Esperanto must always be introduced by a question word such as ?u, kiu (which), kiel (how) and other words that you will learn later.
世界語(yǔ)的疑問(wèn)句一定要用諸如?u, kiu (which), kiel (how) 還有你之后將會(huì)學(xué)到的其他詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。
You cannot make a question simply by inverting the word order, or by adding a question mark:
你不能簡(jiǎn)單粗暴地將詞序改變或者直接加個(gè)問(wèn)號(hào)來(lái)將句子變成一個(gè)疑問(wèn)句。

Expressions with ?u
?u的一些表達(dá)
?u? = Really?(真的嗎?)
?u ne? = Isn't it?(不是嗎?)
Vi laboras, ?u ne? = You are working, aren't you?(你在工作,不是嗎?)

Adjectives
形容詞
Adjectives are words like happy, good, or big, which modify a noun. Remember that a noun always ends in -o in Esperanto. Adjectives, on the other hand, end in -a:
形容詞是像happy, good, 或者big的一類詞,這些詞語(yǔ)用來(lái)修飾名詞。世界語(yǔ)的名詞通常是以“-o”結(jié)尾。而形容詞則是以“-a”結(jié)尾
varma = hot/warm(熱的、溫暖的)
malvarma = cold(冷的)
bona = good(好的)
malbona = bad(壞的)
In Esperanto, the adjective may be placed either before or after the noun, with no change in meaning.
在世界語(yǔ)中,把形容詞放在名詞的前面或者是后面都不會(huì)讓意思改變
"Bona tago" and "tago bona" both mean "a good day" and both are correct. In practice, most people prefer "bona tago", with the adjective before the noun.
"Bona tago" 和 "tago bona"的意思都是“a good day”,而且兩個(gè)說(shuō)法都是正確的,在實(shí)踐中,大部人會(huì)選擇“bona tago”,也就是形容詞放在名詞的片面。

Affixes
詞綴
mal- is a prefix that means "the opposite of". Please note that mal- by itself does not mean bad (as it does in some other languages):
詞綴mal-的意思是"與之相反”。注意一下世界語(yǔ)前綴mal-本身并不意味著壞(因?yàn)樗谄渌Z(yǔ)言中確實(shí)有這種意思)
varma = warm/hot(溫暖/熱) malvarma = cold(冷)
bela = beautiful(美麗的) malbela = ugly(丑的)
helpi = to help (幫助) malhelpi = to hinder(阻擾)
lumo = light(光) mallumo = darkness(暗)
bona = good(好的) malbona = bad(壞的)
原文:https://en.duolingo.com/skill/eo/The-Weather/tips-and-notes
翻譯:vanilo 2018/7/20 21:35