1940年6月4日 英國首相溫斯頓·丘吉爾在下議院發(fā)表了了《我們將戰(zhàn)斗到底》(原名We Shall Fight on the Beaches) 以鼓舞英國人民抵抗納粹德國的入侵

From the moment that the French defenses at Sedan and on the Meuse were broken at the end of the second week of May, only a rapid retreat to Amiens and the south could have saved the British and French Armies who had entered Belgium at the appeal of the Belgian King; but this strategic fact was not immediately realized. The French High Command hoped they would be able to close the gap, and the Armies of the north were under their orders. Moreover, a retirement of this kind would have involved almost certainly the destruction of the fine Belgian Army of over 20 divisions and the abandonment of the whole of Belgium. Therefore, when the force and scope of the German penetration were realized and when a new French Generalissimo, General Weygand, assumed command in place of General Gamelin, an effort was made by the French and British Armies in Belgium to keep on holding the right hand of the Belgians and to give their own right hand to a newly created French Army which was to have advanced across the Somme in great strength to grasp it.

在5月的第二周，色當和默茲的法國守軍被擊潰之后，先前應比利時國王求援進駐比利時的英法聯(lián)軍本可以迅速撤退到亞眠以南；但是我們沒有立刻意識到這個戰(zhàn)略失誤。法軍指揮高層認為法軍有能力填補上這個缺口，法國北部的法軍正在執(zhí)行此命令。而且，我們的撤退無疑會給整個比利時境內(nèi)的20多個比軍師造成毀滅性打擊。因此，當我們最終意識到德軍突入的范圍之廣時，魏剛將軍代替甘末林將軍成為了法軍總司令，比利時的英法聯(lián)軍還正在努力幫助比利時軍民抵抗侵略，同時協(xié)助一支已經(jīng)跨越索姆河的新組建的法軍部隊進行防守。

However, the German eruption swept like a sharp scythe around the right and rear of the Armies of the north. Eight or nine armored divisions, each of about four hundred armored vehicles of different kinds, but carefully assorted to be complementary and divisible into small self-contained units, cut off all communications between us and the main French Armies. It severed our own communications for food and ammunition, which ran first to Amiens and afterwards through Abbeville, and it shore its way up the coast to Boulogne and Calais, and almost to Dunkirk. Behind this armored and mechanized onslaught came a number of German divisions in lorries, and behind them again there plodded comparatively slowly the dull brute mass of the ordinary German Army and German people, always so ready to be led to the trampling down in other lands of liberties and comforts which they have never known in their own.
但是，德軍的進攻如同一把銳利的鐮刀一樣橫掃了北部法軍的右側(cè)和背側(cè)。德軍的八九個裝甲師，每個師裝備有400輛各型號裝甲載具，并詳細地分成數(shù)個獨立互補的小型單位，穿插在我軍和法軍主力之間。他們切斷了我軍的通訊和食物彈藥補給，之后迅速沖向亞眠，之后是阿布維爾，敵軍一路沖到了布倫和加萊的海岸，逼近敦刻爾克。德軍裝甲部隊和機械化部隊作為先鋒，其他德軍師乘著卡車緊隨其后，在他們之后艱難步行的是遲鈍殘暴的德國普通軍隊和德國民眾，時刻準備著被帶去摧毀其他國家土地上，他們自己從來沒擁有過的自由和幸福。

I have said this armored scythe-stroke almost reached Dunkirk-almost but not quite. Boulogne and Calais were the scenes of desperate fighting. The Guards defended Boulogne for a while and were then withdrawn by orders from this country. The Rifle Brigade, the 60th Rifles, and the Queen Victoria's Rifles, with a battalion of British tanks and 1,000 Frenchmen, in all about four thousand strong, defended Calais to the last. The British Brigadier was given an hour to surrender. He spurned the offer, and four days of intense street fighting passed before silence reigned over Calais, which marked the end of a memorable resistance. Only 30 unwounded survivors were brought off by the Navy, and we do not know the fate of their comrades. Their sacrifice, however, was not in vain. At least two armored divisions, which otherwise would have been turned against the British Expeditionary Force, had to be sent to overcome them. They have added another page to the glories of the light divisions, and the time gained enabled the Graveline water lines to be flooded and to be held by the French troops.
我剛才提到德國裝甲部隊的鐮刀攻擊已經(jīng)幾乎打到了敦刻爾克，是幾乎，而不是完全。布倫和加萊的景象則是一片絕望的戰(zhàn)斗。英國近衛(wèi)軍在布倫抵抗了一段時間，之后在本國的命令下撤退。一個步槍旅，第60步槍旅，維多利亞女王的步槍旅，與一支英國坦克營還有1000名法軍士兵，總共大約4000人，在加萊抵抗到了最后一刻。敵人給了英軍準將一小時考慮投降，但是他輕蔑地拒絕了投降，在4天激烈的巷戰(zhàn)之后，加萊恢復了平靜，意味著這場偉大抗擊的結(jié)束。我們的海軍只帶回了30名未受傷的士兵，沒有人知道他們戰(zhàn)友的命運。但是，他們的犧牲并沒有白費。他們起碼拖住了2個德軍裝甲師，否則這2個師會被派去進攻英國遠征軍。他們給輕裝師又添加了光輝的一頁，他們爭取的時間使得即將爆發(fā)洪水的格拉弗林水位線被法軍控制住。

Thus it was that the port of Dunkirk was kept open. When it was found impossible for the Armies of the north to reopen their communications to Amiens with the main French Armies, only one choice remained. It seemed, indeed, forlorn. The Belgian, British and French Armies were almost surrounded. Their sole line of retreat was to a single port and to its neighboring beaches. They were pressed on every side by heavy attacks and far outnumbered in the air.
所以敦刻爾克港才沒有失守。在我們發(fā)現(xiàn)北方的軍隊已經(jīng)不可能再和亞眠的法軍主力取得聯(lián)系后，我們只有一個選擇。戰(zhàn)況看上去確實很悲慘。比利時、法國和英國軍隊幾乎被包圍，他們撤退的唯一路線就是從一個港口撤到對岸的海灘。他們遭到各方向的攻擊，在空中寡不敵眾。

When, a week ago today, I asked the House to fix this afternoon as the occasion for a statement, I feared it would be my hard lot to announce the greatest military disaster in our long history. I thought-and some good judges agreed with me-that perhaps 20,000 or 30,000 men might be re-embarked. But it certainly seemed that the whole of the French First Army and the whole of the British Expeditionary Force north of the Amiens-Abbeville gap would be broken up in the open field or else would have to capitulate for lack of food and ammunition. These were the hard and heavy tidings for which I called upon the House and the nation to prepare themselves a week ago. The whole root and core and brain of the British Army, on which and around which we were to build, and are to build, the great British Armies in the later years of the war, seemed about to perish upon the field or to be led into an ignominious and starving captivity.

一周前的今天，我要求議院把聲明時間定在當天下午，我害怕命運會讓我成為那個宣布我們國家悠久歷史中最嚴重軍事災難的那個人。我認為或許只有兩三萬人能乘船歸國，一些優(yōu)秀的軍隊評判員也這么認為。我們很確信，亞眠—阿布維爾線缺口以北的整個法國第一集團軍和整個英國遠征軍要么會在開闊地帶被擊潰，要么由于缺乏食物彈藥而投降。一周前，我讓議院和全國為這些悲痛沉重的消息的做好準備。我們曾依賴圍繞的英國陸軍根基、核心以及首腦，在之后幾年的戰(zhàn)爭中，要么在開闊地帶被殲滅，或者被羞恥饑餓地囚禁。

That was the prospect a week ago. But another blow which might well have proved final was yet to fall upon us. The King of the Belgians had called upon us to come to his aid. Had not this Ruler and his Government severed themselves from the Allies, who rescued their country from extinction in the late war, and had they not sought refuge in what was proved to be a fatal neutrality, the French and British Armies might well at the outset have saved not only Belgium but perhaps even Poland. Yet at the last moment, when Belgium was already invaded, King Leopold called upon us to come to his aid, and even at the last moment we came. He and his brave, efficient Army, nearly half a million strong, guarded our left flank and thus kept open our only line of retreat to the sea. Suddenly, without prior consultation, with the least possible notice, without the advice of his Ministers and upon his own personal act, he sent a plenipotentiary to the German Command, surrendered his Army, and exposed our whole flank and means of retreat.

這是我們一周前的預測。但是另一個壞消息證明了終局還未到來。比利時國王呼叫我們援助，如果比利時國王和政府一開始沒有拒絕加入可以拯救他們國家免遭后來戰(zhàn)爭毀滅的同盟國，如果他們沒有堅持中立以求自?！聦嵶C明這是個致命錯誤，可能英法聯(lián)軍在戰(zhàn)爭伊始時不僅可以拯救比利時，甚至可以拯救波蘭。在最后關(guān)頭，比利時遭到了入侵，利奧波德國王請求我們支援，即使是到了這個關(guān)頭，我們依舊前去支援。近50萬勇敢強大的比利時軍隊保護我們的右翼，我們才保住了唯一撤往海洋的撤退路線。但突然，在沒有事先磋商和最起碼警告，也沒有比利時國王麾下大臣提議，他本人也沒有行動的情況下，他派遣使者前往德軍指揮部，命令比利時軍隊投降，將我們的整個側(cè)翼和撤退路線都暴露給了敵軍。

I asked the House a week ago to suspend its judgment because the facts were not clear, but I do not feel that any reason now exists why we should not form our own opinions upon this pitiful episode. The surrender of the Belgian Army compelled the British at the shortest notice to cover a flank to the sea more than 30 miles in length. Otherwise all would have been cut off, and all would have shared the fate to which King Leopold had condemned the finest Army his country had ever formed. So in doing this and in exposing this flank, as anyone who followed the operations on the map will see, contact was lost between the British and two out of the three corps forming the First French Army, who were still farther from the coast than we were, and it seemed impossible that any large number of Allied troops could reach the coast.
一周前，我要求議院不要下定論，因為局勢尚不明朗。但現(xiàn)在，我不覺得有任何理由讓我們不對這一艱難時刻擁有自己的看法。比利時軍隊的投降迫使英軍立刻去填補30英里長、直通海峽的側(cè)翼。否則整個聯(lián)軍都會被分割，利奧波德國王給比利時軍隊判了死刑，而聯(lián)軍也會落得同樣命運。在這種側(cè)翼暴露的情況下，所有跟得上行動地圖的人都能看出來，英軍和三分之二的法國第一集團軍失去了聯(lián)系。他們此時還遠離海岸，而且盟軍幾乎不可能會有太多人能成功撤離到海岸。

The enemy attacked on all sides with great strength and fierceness, and their main power, the power of their far more numerous Air Force, was thrown into the battle or else concentrated upon Dunkirk and the beaches. Pressing in upon the narrow exit, both from the east and from the west, the enemy began to fire with cannon upon the beaches by which alone the shipping could approach or depart. They sowed magnetic mines in the channels and seas; they sent repeated waves of hostile aircraft, sometimes more than a hundred strong in one formation, to cast their bombs upon the single pier that remained, and upon the sand dunes upon which the troops had their eyes for shelter. Their U-boats, one of which was sunk, and their motor launches took their toll of the vast traffic which now began. For four or five days an intense struggle reigned. All their armored divisions-or what Was left of them-together with great masses of infantry and artillery, hurled themselves in vain upon the ever-narrowing, ever-contracting appendix within which the British and French Armies fought.
敵軍全力以赴地從各方向發(fā)起激烈猛攻，他們的主力，還有數(shù)量遠超我軍的空軍，都被我軍牽制住，否則這支敵軍部隊將集中到敦刻爾克和法國海岸。敵軍不斷從東西兩個方向?qū)ξ臆姫M窄的撤離點施壓，火炮炮彈不停落在艦船?？狂傠x的海灘上。敵人在海峽部署大量水雷，派遣一波又一波敵機，甚至有時一次派出超過100架戰(zhàn)機，朝殘存的港口和海灘上的我軍的掩護沙丘投放炸彈。我們擊沉了敵人一艘U型潛艇，這些潛艇已經(jīng)給我們的交通運輸造成了巨大損失。激烈的戰(zhàn)斗持續(xù)了四五天，他們的所有裝甲部隊，甚至其余所有步兵和炮兵部隊都一起無意義地投入了戰(zhàn)斗，迫使英法聯(lián)軍的后方陣地不斷縮小。

Meanwhile, the Royal Navy, with the willing help of countless merchant seamen, strained every nerve to embark the British and Allied troops; 220 light warships and 650 other vessels were engaged. They had to operate upon the difficult coast, often in adverse weather, under an almost ceaseless hail of bombs and an increasing concentration of artillery fire. Nor were the seas, as I have said, themselves free from mines and torpedoes. It was in conditions such as these that our men carried on, with little or no rest, for days and nights on end, making trip after trip across the dangerous waters, bringing with them always men whom they had rescued. The numbers they have brought back are the measure of their devotion and their courage. The hospital ships, which brought off many thousands of British and French wounded, being so plainly marked were a special target for Nazi bombs; but the men and women on board them never faltered in their duty.

在此同時，英國皇家海軍，與無數(shù)自愿提供幫助的海商水手，繃緊每一根神經(jīng)前去營救英法聯(lián)軍；220艘輕型戰(zhàn)船和650艘其他民船前往了戰(zhàn)區(qū)。他們時常頂著惡劣天氣，在敵人冰雹般不斷傾瀉、不斷集中的炸彈和炮擊下艱難靠岸。海洋上也并不安全，如我之前所說，他們可能會遭到水雷和魚雷攻擊。但就是在這種艱難條件下，我們的軍民繼續(xù)執(zhí)行營救，幾乎甚至根本不休息，日夜不停地一趟又一趟沖破危險水域，將我們的被困士兵帶回家。他們營救回士兵的數(shù)量，可以衡量他們的貢獻與勇氣。而帶回了成千上萬英法聯(lián)軍傷兵的醫(yī)療船只，明顯成為了納粹德國空襲的特殊目標，即使如此，醫(yī)療船上的男女水手們也從不曾退縮。

Meanwhile, the Royal Air Force, which had already been intervening in the battle, so far as its range would allow, from home bases, now used part of its main metropolitan fighter strength, and struck at the German bombers and at the fighters which in large numbers protected them. This struggle was protracted and fierce. Suddenly the scene has cleared, the crash and thunder has for the moment-but only for the moment-died away. A miracle of deliverance, achieved by valor, by perseverance, by perfect discipline, by faultless service, by resource, by skill, by unconquerable fidelity, is manifest to us all. The enemy was hurled back by the retreating British and French troops. He was so roughly handled that he did not hurry their departure seriously. The Royal Air Force engaged the main strength of the German Air Force, and inflicted upon them losses of at least four to one; and the Navy, using nearly 1,000 ships of all kinds, carried over 335,000 men, French and British, out of the jaws of death and shame, to their native land and to the tasks which lie immediately ahead. We must be very careful not to assign to this deliverance the attributes of a victory. Wars are not won by evacuations. But there was a victory inside this deliverance, which should be noted. It was gained by the Air Force. Many of our soldiers coming back have not seen the Air Force at work; they saw only the bombers which escaped its protective attack. They underrate its achievements. I have heard much talk of this; that is why I go out of my way to say this. I will tell you about it.

同時，英國皇家空軍早已投入戰(zhàn)斗，他們在航程允許的范圍內(nèi)，出動部署在各大都市的戰(zhàn)斗機，前去截擊德軍轟炸機和隨行的德軍護航戰(zhàn)斗機?？諔?zhàn)慘烈，曠日持久。突然之間，天空不再有敵機了，墜機和轟鳴聲暫時—也僅僅是暫時消失了。我們可以看出，這是一次奇跡般的營救，創(chuàng)造這次奇跡的是我們的勇氣、堅韌、嚴明紀律、無瑕奉獻、資源、技巧和毫不動搖的忠誠。敵軍被撤退的英法聯(lián)軍挫敗了。敵軍對戰(zhàn)爭的粗心，才導致他們沒能及時趕去阻止我們的撤退。英國皇家空軍與德國空軍主力交戰(zhàn)，損失了起碼四分之一的力量。而海軍動用了近1000各類型船只，從鬼門關(guān)救回了33.5萬名法軍和英軍士兵，讓他們免于受辱，帶他們回到英國本土，去立即執(zhí)行下一步行動。但我們也要特別小心，不要給這場撤退蒙上勝利的色彩，因為我們不可能靠撤退取勝。不過我們也應當注意，這次撤退行動中也有勝利。許多士兵在回國后，沒有看到我們的空軍在奮戰(zhàn)。他們只看到了我們沒能截擊住的敵軍轟炸機，因此低估了空軍的功績。我聽到了許多類似言論，因此我要在此就這個話題，告訴你們?nèi)空嫦唷?br>
This was a great trial of strength between the British and German Air Forces. Can you conceive a greater objective for the Germans in the air than to make evacuation from these beaches impossible, and to sink all these ships which were displayed, almost to the extent of thousands? Could there have been an objective of greater military importance and significance for the whole purpose of the war than this? They tried hard, and they were beaten back; they were frustrated in their task. We got the Army away; and they have paid fourfold for any losses which they have inflicted. Very large formations of German aeroplanes-and we know that they are a very brave race-have turned on several occasions from the attack of one-quarter of their number of the Royal Air Force, and have dispersed in different directions. Twelve aeroplanes have been hunted by two. One aeroplane was driven into the water and cast away by the mere charge of a British aeroplane, which had no more ammunition. All of our types-the Hurricane, the Spitfire and the new Defiant-and all our pilots have been vindicated as superior to what they have at present to face.

皇家空軍和德國空軍在進行一場重大較量。你想想，難道空中的德國空軍除了擊沉我們派出的上千艘艦船并阻止我軍撤退，還會有更重要的目標嗎？對于整場戰(zhàn)爭來說，還有比這更具軍事重要性的目標嗎？皇家空軍已經(jīng)竭盡全力，他們被擊敗了，他們對任務十分灰心。我們救回了陸軍，為此空軍付出了比原計劃多四倍的損失。敵軍戰(zhàn)斗機的編隊龐大，我們都知道德國人是一個十分勇敢的民族，他們的編隊數(shù)次在遭到四分之一的皇家空軍攻擊時分散到各個方向。有次12架敵機被2架我軍戰(zhàn)機擊落。還有次，1架敵機僅僅被1架英軍戰(zhàn)機的俯沖嚇得墜入海中。我們的各型戰(zhàn)斗機：颶風、噴火和無畏式，和所有飛行員都證明了他們比現(xiàn)在人們的評價中表現(xiàn)的更優(yōu)秀。

When we consider how much greater would be our advantage in defending the air above this Island against an overseas attack, I must say that I find in these facts a sure basis upon which practical and reassuring thoughts may rest. I will pay my tribute to these young airmen. The great French Army was very largely, for the time being, cast back and disturbed by the onrush of a few thousands of armored vehicles. May it not also be that the cause of civilization itself will be defended by the skill and devotion of a few thousand airmen? There never has been, I suppose, in all the world, in all the history of war, such an opportunity for youth. The Knights of the Round Table, the Crusaders, all fall back into the past-not only distant but prosaic; these young men, going forth every morn to guard their native land and all that we stand for, holding in their hands these instruments of colossal and shattering power, of whom it may be said that Every morn brought forth a noble chance And every chance brought forth a noble knight, deserve our gratitude, as do all the brave men who, in so many ways and on so many occasions, are ready, and continue ready to give life and all for their native land.
我們思考，在應對敵人跨海進攻，保護我們領(lǐng)空的戰(zhàn)斗中，我們的優(yōu)勢究竟有多大。我不得不說，在這些事件中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我們擁有讓我們可以實踐思緒安定下來的可靠基礎(chǔ)。我想向所有年輕的飛行員致敬。偉大的法國軍隊目前依舊規(guī)模龐大，但是被數(shù)千輛突襲的裝甲車輛擊退和襲擾。文明的進程能靠僅僅幾千名飛行員的戰(zhàn)斗技巧和貢獻來捍衛(wèi)嗎？我想，在全世界的戰(zhàn)爭史中，年輕人都沒有這么一個機會。過去的十二圓桌騎士，十字軍東征，無一不失敗了，遙遠且平淡。我們的這些年輕人，每天早上勇敢出擊去捍衛(wèi)祖國和我們的一切。他們的手中和武器有強大的、足以粉碎一切的力量?？梢哉f，每一個清晨都帶來一個難得的高貴機會，而每一個機會帶回一個值得我們感激的高貴騎士。所有勇敢的人都一樣，用所有方式，在所有場合，都已準備好并持續(xù)準備著為祖國獻出生命。

I return to the Army. In the long series of very fierce battles, now on this front, now on that, fighting on three fronts at once, battles fought by two or three divisions against an equal or somewhat larger number of the enemy, and fought fiercely on some of the old grounds that so many of us knew so well-in these battles our losses in men have exceeded 30,000 killed, wounded and missing. I take occasion to express the sympathy of the House to all who have suffered bereavement or who are still anxious. The President of the Board of Trade [Sir Andrew Duncan] is not here today. His son has been killed, and many in the House have felt the pangs of affliction in the sharpest form. But I will say this about the missing: We have had a large number of wounded come home safely to this country, but I would say about the missing that there may be very many reported missing who will come back home, some day, in one way or another. In the confusion of this fight it is inevitable that many have been left in positions where honor required no further resistance from them.

重新回到陸軍。在一長串的慘烈戰(zhàn)役中，陸軍現(xiàn)在位于這條前線，和那條前線，同時在三條戰(zhàn)線作戰(zhàn)。每條戰(zhàn)線由兩三個師防御，對抗同等數(shù)量或更多的敵軍部隊，還在一些我們熟知的土地上努力戰(zhàn)斗。在這些戰(zhàn)役中，我軍陣亡、受傷和失蹤總計損失超過3萬人。我希望借此場合向那些經(jīng)歷了喪親之痛或依然在為親人擔憂的國民表達議會的惋惜。貿(mào)易委員會主席安德魯·鄧肯爵士今天沒有到場，因為他的兒子在戰(zhàn)爭中喪生，議會中的許多人都能以最直接的形式感受到折磨與痛苦。關(guān)于失蹤士兵，我想要說：雖然我們將許多傷兵安全地接回了家，但是關(guān)于失蹤士兵，會有很多人被報告失蹤，他們總有一天會回到家中，在將來的某一天，以某種或其他什么方式。在戰(zhàn)爭給我們帶來的困擾中，不可避免地有許多人需要留在自己的崗位，為了國家的榮耀，希望大家不要有抵觸情緒。

Nevertheless, our thankfulness at the escape of our Army and so many men, whose loved ones have passed through an agonizing week, must not blind us to the fact that what has happened in France and Belgium is a colossal military disaster. The French Army has been weakened, the Belgian Army has been lost, a large part of those fortified lines upon which so much faith had been reposed is gone, many valuable mining districts and factories have passed into the enemy's possession, the whole of the Channel ports are in his hands, with all the tragic consequences that follow from that, and we must expect another blow to be struck almost immediately at us or at France. We are told that Herr Hitler has a plan for invading the British Isles. This has often been thought of before. When Napoleon lay at Boulogne for a year with his flat-bottomed boats and his Grand Army, he was told by someone. "There are bitter weeds in England." There are certainly a great many more of them since the British Expeditionary Force returned.
無論如何，我們都要慶幸我們陸軍能撤回那么多人，他們的親人度過了十分煎熬的一周。但是我們不能自欺欺人，我們必須承認在比利時和法國發(fā)生的是一場巨大軍事災難。法國軍隊力量大減，比利時軍隊全軍覆沒，許多人曾經(jīng)擲以重望的防線，大部分已不復存在。許多重要的產(chǎn)礦區(qū)和工業(yè)區(qū)都已經(jīng)落入了敵人的手中，敵人控制了海峽對岸的所有港口，以及這些失敗所帶來的的災難后果。我們希望下一場災難不要立即發(fā)生在我們或者法國身上。我們知道，希特勒先生正計劃入侵英倫三島。許多人曾經(jīng)都有過這種計劃。拿破侖帶著他的大軍團和平底船在布倫港等待了一年。有人告訴他，“英國有許多苦草”。在英國遠征軍撤回英國后，肯定會有更多人這樣想。

The whole question of home defense against invasion is, of course, powerfully affected by the fact that we have for the time being in this Island incomparably more powerful military forces than we have ever had at any moment in this war or the last. But this will not continue. We shall not be content with a defensive war. We have our duty to our Ally. We have to reconstitute and build up the British Expeditionary Force once again, under its gallant Commander-in-Chief, Lord Gort. All this is in train; but in the interval we must put our defenses in this Island into such a high state of organization that the fewest possible numbers will be required to give effective security and that the largest possible potential of offensive effort may be realized. On this we are now engaged. It will be very convenient, if it be the desire of the House, to enter upon this subject in a secret Session. Not that the government would necessarily be able to reveal in very great detail military secrets, but we like to have our discussions free, without the restraint imposed by the fact that they will be read the next day by the enemy; and the Government would benefit by views freely expressed in all parts of the House by Members with their knowledge of so many different parts of the country. I understand that some request is to be made upon this subject, which will be readily acceded to by His Majesty's Government.
抵御敵軍入侵的整個本土防御問題，毫無疑問，會很大程度上受到這一事實影響：我們現(xiàn)在本土上擁有的軍事力量要遠遠比我們曾經(jīng)任何時期都強大，無論是這場戰(zhàn)爭還是一戰(zhàn)。但這還不夠，我們不能滿足于防御戰(zhàn)爭。我們還要承擔保護盟國的職責。我們必須再次重組并強化英國遠征軍，并任命英勇的羅爾德·高特為最高指揮官。這些在未來都會完成。在這期間，我們必須把本土防御狀態(tài)提升到高等級，我們才能用最少的人員應對威脅最大的潛在進攻。我們現(xiàn)在就要開始行動。只要議院同意的話，我們可以輕易在機密會議討論這個話題。政府并不一定可以透露軍事機密，但是我們愿意讓大家自由談論，盡管第二天敵人就會知道這些信息。同時政府愿意聽取來自國家不同地區(qū)的下議院各議員的一些見解，并從中收益。我知道，我們將在此問題上做出一些決策，而國王陛下的政府將欣然同意。

We have found it necessary to take measures of increasing stringency, not only against enemy aliens and suspicious characters of other nationalities, but also against British subjects who may become a danger or a nuisance should the war be transported to the United Kingdom. I know there are a great many people affected by the orders which we have made who are the passionate enemies of Nazi Germany. I am very sorry for them, but we cannot, at the present time and under the present stress, draw all the distinctions which we should like to do. If parachute landings were attempted and fierce fighting attendant upon them followed, these unfortunate people would be far better out of the way, for their own sakes as well as for ours. There is, however, another class, for which I feel not the slightest sympathy. Parliament has given us the powers to put down Fifth Column activities with a strong hand, and we shall use those powers subject to the supervision and correction of the House, without the slightest hesitation until we are satisfied, and more than satisfied, that this malignancy in our midst has been effectively stamped out.

我們認為現(xiàn)在又必要采取措施提高警惕，不僅是為應對外敵和其他國家的潛在敵人，還有一些英國國民，如若戰(zhàn)爭降臨我國本土，這些人會很難處理，也可能很危險。我知道，有許多人只是受我們政令鼓動，急切想要與納粹德國作戰(zhàn)。我只能對這些人表達歉意，但現(xiàn)在，處于當前的危機下，我們很難再像原本那樣區(qū)分出這兩個群體。如果兇殘的敵人嘗試空降英國，那么這群求戰(zhàn)心切者最好還是遠離激戰(zhàn)，這樣對他們自己和我們都好。不過，對于另外一個群體，那群真正的叛國者，我不會有一丁點同情。議會已經(jīng)授權(quán)我們用強硬手段摧毀一切間諜活動(原文為“第五縱隊”)，我們也會用這些權(quán)力毫不猶豫地監(jiān)督和糾正議院，直到我們滿意為止，或更進一步，知道徹底消滅我們之間的毒瘤。

Turning once again, and this time more generally, to the question of invasion, I would observe that there has never been a period in all these long centuries of which we boast when an absolute guarantee against invasion, still less against serious raids, could have been given to our people. In the days of Napoleon the same wind which would have carried his transports across the Channel might have driven away the blockading fleet. There was always the chance, and it is that chance which has excited and befooled the imaginations of many Continental tyrants. Many are the tales that are told. We are assured that novel methods will be adopted, and when we see the originality of malice, the ingenuity of aggression, which our enemy displays, we may certainly prepare ourselves for every kind of novel stratagem and every kind of brutal and treacherous maneuver. I think that no idea is so outlandish that it should not be considered and viewed with a searching, but at the same time, I hope, with a steady eye. We must never forget the solid assurances of sea power and those which belong to air power if it can be locally exercised.

再一次更全面地回到德國入侵的問題上，我發(fā)現(xiàn)，在過去的幾個世紀以來，我們從來不敢向我們的人民保證，我們有絕對的力量抵御入侵，更不用說大型襲擊。在拿破侖時代，他幻想會有一陣風會帶他的運輸艦隊跨越英吉利海峽，并驅(qū)散我們的封鎖艦隊。總會有這么個機會，而正是這種幻想，刺激欺騙了一個又一個歐洲大陸的暴君。這種事情，許多只能是停留在口頭上的傳說。我們可以確信，這種題材的小說會繼續(xù)不斷產(chǎn)生，我們可以從中看到我們敵人憎恨挑釁的獨特創(chuàng)造力。當然，我們也要對任何小說策略和殘忍奸詐的詭計做好準備。我覺得應該沒有什么思想能如此神奇，值得我們?nèi)ド顟]調(diào)查，但是同時，我也希望大家睜大眼睛。我們絕不能忘記英國海上力量和本地訓練的空軍對我們的堅定保證。

I have, myself, full confidence that if all do their duty, if nothing is neglected, and if the best arrangements are made, as they are being made, we shall prove ourselves once again able to defend our Island home, to ride out the storm of war, and to outlive the menace of tyranny, if necessary for years, if necessary alone. At any rate, that is what we are going to try to do. That is the resolve of His Majesty's Government-every man of them. That is the will of Parliament and the nation. The British Empire and the French Republic, linked together in their cause and in their need, will defend to the death their native soil, aiding each other like good comrades to the utmost of their strength. Even though large tracts of Europe and many old and famous States have fallen or may fall into the grip of the Gestapo and all the odious apparatus of Nazi rule, we shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end, we shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our Island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender, and even if, which I do not for a moment believe, this Island or a large part of it were subjugated and starving, then our Empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British Fleet, would carry on the struggle, until, in God's good time, the New World, with all its power and might, steps forth to the rescue and the liberation of the old.

我本人完全相信，只要每個人各盡其職，毫不疏忽，并繼續(xù)像現(xiàn)在這樣正確行事，我們將再一次證明我們有能力防御我們的本土家園，安然度過戰(zhàn)爭風暴，在法西斯暴政的威脅后繼續(xù)生存。如果有必要的話，戰(zhàn)斗將持續(xù)多年，如果有必要的話，我們將孤軍奮戰(zhàn)。無論如何，這就是我們要做的事，這就是國王陛下的政府中每個人的決心，這就是我們議會和整個國家的意志。大英帝國和法蘭西共和國在共同需求和利益下聯(lián)合在一起誓死保衛(wèi)國土，像生死戰(zhàn)友一樣盡最大的努力幫助彼此。即使歐洲的大量土地和許多知名的古老國家已經(jīng)或即將淪陷在德國秘密警察和納粹機構(gòu)的統(tǒng)治之下，我們也絲毫不能動搖。我們將戰(zhàn)斗到底，我們將在法國戰(zhàn)斗，我們將在海洋上戰(zhàn)斗，我們將以越來越堅定的決心和越來越強的力量在空中戰(zhàn)斗，我們要保衛(wèi)我們的本土，無論付出多大的代價。我們將在海灘上戰(zhàn)斗，我們將在敵人的登陸地點戰(zhàn)斗，我們將在田野和街道間戰(zhàn)斗，我們將在山丘上戰(zhàn)斗，我們絕不投降。即使，我一點都不相信這種情況會發(fā)生，即使我們本土的大部分領(lǐng)土被敵人占領(lǐng)，并陷入饑荒，我們帝國在海外的領(lǐng)土在英國艦隊的保護下，也會繼續(xù)堅持戰(zhàn)斗。直到上帝認為時機合適之時，新世界將以強大磅礴的力量前來拯救并解放這個舊世界。