·單詞（單詞出現(xiàn)次數(shù)的數(shù)據(jù)來源為【不背單詞】App，引用的時間是2023年10月）

costume n.????化裝服【2】【1】

????·The movie won Oscars for best costumes and best screenplay.????這部電影獲得了奧斯卡最佳服裝獎和最佳劇本獎\

????·historical costume????古裝

? ? ·tradition national costume????傳統(tǒng)民族服裝

????·overalls n.????[服裝] 工裝褲；工作褲/coveralls?n.????衣褲相連的工作服

????·uniform n.????制服，（某一群體的人穿的）典型服裝

????????·school uniform????校服

????????·military uniform????軍裝

????·sportswear n.????運動裝；休閑服(不可數(shù))

????·underwear n.????內衣，襯衣

????·leisure wear????休閑裝

????·rags n.????乞丐服

????·shroud n.????壽衣

consist vi.????由 … 組成【9】【22】

????·consist of ...????由 ... 組成

????·be composed of ...????由 ... 組成

????·be made up of ...????由 ... 組成

????·comprise ...????由 ... 組成

????? ? ·The committee consists of/is composed of/is made up of/comprises?100 members.????委員會由100名成員組成

????? ? ·反過來表達“組成了”????

????????? ? ·One hundred?members?comprise/make up/compose/constitute?the committe.????一百名成員組成了這個委員會

sheet n.????被單【18】【13】

????·a sheet of paper????一張紙(固定規(guī)格的紙，A4，B5 等)

????????·a piece of paper????一張紙(不規(guī)定形狀)

????·The snow came down in sheets.????雪一片一片地飄落下來（燕山雪花大如席，片片吹落軒轅臺）

????·與床有關的單詞表達

????????·bedspread n.????床罩

????????·mattress n.????床墊

????????·eiderdown n.????羽絨被；鴨絨被

????????·blanket n.????毯子，毛毯

????????·pillow n.????枕頭

????????·bedclothes(必須用復數(shù))/bedding(不可數(shù))????n.????床上用品

????????·single bed????單人床

????????·double bed????雙人床

????????·bunk (bed)????上下鋪

????????·hammock n.????吊床

effective adj.????有明顯效果的,有作用的【75】【83】

comfortable adj.????舒適的【34】【23】

storeroom n.????儲藏室【0】【0】

electricity n.????電【24】【16】

metre(英)/meter(美) n.? ? 儀器，儀表【26】【12】

????·an electricity meter????電表

????·a water meter????水表

????·a gas meter????煤氣表

????·read the meter????讀表：指讀取電表、水表、煤氣表等計量表上的數(shù)字或刻度，以確定用量或費用

????·thermometer????溫度計

? ? ·barometer? ? 氣壓計

? ? ·odometer/milometer????里程表

? ? ·speedometer????速度表

pace n.????一步，步伐；節(jié)奏，速度【21】【30】

????·可替換 step n.????一步，步伐

????????·take one pace/step forward????往前邁一步

????????·quicken one's pace/step????加快某人的步伐

????·可替換 tempo?n.????速度，節(jié)奏

????????·the pace/tempo of life????生活的節(jié)奏

????????·the fast pace/tempo of modern life????快節(jié)奏的當代生活

????·keep pace with ...????跟上：與某人或某事物保持同步或同步發(fā)展

????????·It is important for a company to keep pace with changes in the market.????對于一個公司來說,跟上市場的變化是很重要的

????·stride n.????往前跨得一大步

????????·Medical science has made great strides in tackling infertility.????醫(yī)學在治療不孕癥方面取得了很大進展。

????·leap n.????用力得往前一跳，飛躍(指雙腳同時落地)

????????·Look before you leap.????三思而后行

????????·That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.????這是個人的一小步，卻是人類的一大步

????·by leaps and bounds: very quickly????突飛猛進:非?？?/p>

????????·M:Your little nephew is growing by leaps and bounds.????你的小侄子正在突飛猛進地成長

????????·W:Yes. He must be at least three feet tall already.????是的。他至少已經(jīng)有三英尺高了

????????·Answer: He's growing very quickly.????他長得很快

flee v.????逃走【6】【5】

????·不規(guī)則動詞：flee????fled(一般過去式)????fled(過去分詞)

????·abscond?v.????潛逃

? ? ? ? ·abscond with money.

????·elope v.????私奔

????????·elope with sb.????跟某人私奔

????·escape v.????逃走

????????·escape form the prison????越獄

????·以上三個逃走都常做不及物詞使用

slam v.????砰地關上【1】【2】

????·The door slammed (shut).????門砰的一聲關上了(vi.)

????·Don't slam the door.????不要摔門(vt.)

????·bang v.????猛敲，猛摔

????? ? ·The door?banged? (shut).????門砰的一聲關上了(vi.)

????????·Don't?bang?the door.????不要摔門(vt.)

????????·做名詞 n.????The door sout with a slam/bang.????門砰的一聲關上了。

·課文原文

? ? After her husband had gone to work, Mrs. Richards sent her children?to school and went upstairs to her bedroom. She was too excited to?do any housework that morning, for in the evening she would be?going to a fancy-dress party with her husband. She intended to dress?up as a ghost and as she had made her costume the night before, she?was impatient to try it on. Though the costume consisted only of a?sheet, it was very effective. After putting it on, Mrs. Richards went?downstairs. She wanted to find out whether it would be comfortable to wear.

????Just as Mrs. Richards was entering the dining room, there was a knock on the front door. She knew that?it must be the baker. She had told him to come straight in if ever she failed to open the door?and to leave the?bread on the kitchen table. Not wanting to frighten the poor man, Mrs. Richards quickly hid in?the small?storeroom under the stairs. She heard the front door open and heavy footsteps in the hall.?Suddenly the door?of the storeroom was opened and a man entered. Mrs. Richards realized that it must be the man from the?Electricity Board who had come to read the metre. She tried to explain the situation,?saying‘It’s only me’,?but it was too late. The man let out a cry and jumped back several paces. When Mrs.?Richards walked?towards him, he fled, slamming the door behind him.

·參考譯文

????理查茲夫人等丈夫上班走后,把孩子送去上學,然后來到樓上自己的臥室。那天上午,她興奮得什么家務活都不想做,因為晚上她要同丈夫一起去參加一個化裝舞會。她打算裝扮成鬼的模樣。頭天晚上她已把化裝服做好,這時她急于想試試。盡管化裝服僅由一個被單制成，卻十分逼真。理查茲夫人穿上化裝服后下了樓，想看看穿起來是否舒服。

????理查茲夫人剛剛走進餐廳,前門就傳來敲門聲。她知道來人一定是面包師。她曾告訴過面包師，如果她不去開門，他可直接進門,把面包放在廚房的桌上。理查茲夫人不想嚇唬這個可憐的人,便趕緊躲到了樓梯下的小儲藏室里。她聽見前門被打開,走廊里響起了重重的腳步聲。突然貯藏室門開了,一個男人走了進來。理查茲夫人這才想到一定是供電局來人查電表了。她說了聲“是我，別怕!”然后想進行一番解釋，但已來不及了。那人大叫了一聲,驚退了幾步。理查茲夫人朝他走去,只見他“砰”的一聲關上門逃走了。

·課文講解

After her husband had gone to work, Mrs. Richards sent her children to school and went upstairs to her bedroom.

????·send sb. to + n./to do????派遣，打發(fā)

????????·I sent the boy to school/bed.????我打發(fā)孩子去 上學/睡覺

????????????·如果是 the school/bed，是去學校和床這個地方，不加 the 表示它的功能。上學/睡覺

????????·I sent the boy to buy some beer.????我打發(fā)孩子去買一些啤酒

????·dispatch sb. to + n./to do????打法，派遣(比 sent 正式)

????????·An ambulance was immediately dispatched to the area.????一輛救護車立即被派往該地區(qū)

????????·The government dispatched 150 police to restore order.????政府派遣了150名警察去恢復秩序

????????????·police 警察(本身就是復數(shù))

????????????????·one police man

????????????????·two police

????·transfer sb. to + n.????多指工作崗位的調動；銀行里的轉賬

????????·She was transferred from marketing to sales.????她從市場部調到銷售部

????·transport sb. to + n.????帶有強制的意思，流放

????????·He was transported to Siberia for life.????他被終身流放到西伯利亞

????·與房子有關的單詞

????????·hall n.????門廳，衣帽庭(剛進們換鞋的地方)

? ? ????·living room/sitting room/drawing room????客廳

? ? ????·dining room 餐廳????kitchen 廚房????bathroom 浴室，衛(wèi)生間

? ? ????·guestroom 客房? ? study 書房????bedroom 臥室

? ? ????·master bedroom 主臥室????storeroom 儲藏間

? ? ????·attic/loft 閣樓，頂樓????basement 地下室/cellar 地窖????balcony 露臺，陽臺

????????????·Just as Mrs. Richard was entering the dining room, there was a knock on the front door.????理查德夫人剛走進餐廳，前門就響起了敲門聲。

????????????·She had told him to come straight in if ever she failed to open the door and to leave the bread on the kitchen table.????她告訴他，如果她打不開門，就直接進來，把面包放在廚房的桌子上。

????? ? ????·Not wanting to frighten the poor man Mrs. Richards quickly hid in the small storeroom under the stairs.????理查茲夫人不想嚇唬這個可憐的人，便趕緊躲進了樓梯下的小儲藏室。

????????????·I left the bag in the hall and Robert and I went to into the living room where we talked for a couple of hours.????我把包放在大廳里，羅伯特和我走進客廳，我們聊了幾個小時。

????????????·George showed me to the guestroom which, he said, was rarely used.????喬治把我領進客房，他說這間客房很少用。

????????????????·show v.????帶領，引領

????????????·My cousin, Harry, keeps a large curiously shaped bottle on permanent display in his study.????我的堂兄哈里在他的書房里永久陳列著一個形狀奇特的大瓶子。

????????????·Looking into the drawing room, she saw a scene of confusion over by her writing desk.????她往客廳里一看，寫字臺旁邊一片混亂。

????????????·The inspector began to look for fingerprints, while the constable checked that the front door locks had not been forced, thereby proving that the burglars had either used skeleton keys or entered over the balcony.????巡查員開始尋找指紋，而警察檢查了前門的鎖并沒有被撬開，從而證明竊賊要么使用萬能鑰匙，要么從陽臺進入

????????????·Her first impulse was to go round all the rooms looking for the thieves, but then she decided that at her age it maight be more prudent to have someone with her, so she went to fetch the porter from his basement.????她的第一個沖動是到所有的房間里去找小偷，但后來她又決定，像她這樣的年紀，還是有人陪著比較謹慎，于是她去地下室把看門人叫來。

????????????·They had mysteriouslt found their way there from the wine cellar!????他們神秘地從酒窖里找到了通往那里的路!

????????????·They leave unwanted objects in drawers, cupboards and attics for years, in the belief that they may one day need just those very things.????他們把不想要的東西放在抽屜、櫥柜和閣樓上很多年，因為他們相信有一天他們正好需要這些東西。

She was too excited to do any housework that morning, for in the evening she would be going to a fancy-dress party with her husband.

? ? ·, for 引導原因狀語從句

????·too ... to ...????太 ... 而不能 ...

????·housework 家務活(不可數(shù))? ? homework 家庭作業(yè)(不可數(shù))

????????·household chore????家務勞動，可數(shù)

????????·I spent all moring doing (the) housework/household chores.????我花了一早上的時間做家務

????????·do/wash the dished????洗碗

????????·do the washing-up????洗碗

????????????·W：Have you asked your brother to do the dished?????你叫你兄弟洗碗了嗎?

????????????·M：Thousands of times.????喊了成千上萬次了

????????????·Q：He has asked his brother to wash the dished many times.????他叫他兄弟去洗碗叫了很多次

????????·do the laundry(不可數(shù))/washing? ? 洗衣服

????·would be going to????過去將來進行時

????????·He will soon be working in an office.????他很快就要在辦公室工作了。

????????·He will be earning only half as much as he used to, ...????他的收入將只有過去的一半。

????·fancy-dress costume????化妝服

????????·fancy-dress party = masquerade????化裝舞會

She intended to dress up as a ghost and as she had made her costume the night before, she was impatient to try it on.

????·as 引導原因狀語從句

????·intend to do????打算去做某事

????????·We intend to go to Australia next year.????我們打算明年去澳大利亞。

????·mean to do????計劃，打算

????????·Sorry, I didn't mean to scare you.????抱歉，我不是故意嚇你的。

????????·He always meant to go back one day but not to stay.????他總想有一天回去，但不想久留。

????????·be going to do????打算做某事

????????????·I'm going to have my hair cut this weekend.

????????????·Both planes were going to take off on July 25th, but Latham failed to get up early enough.????兩架飛機都計劃在7月25日起飛，但萊瑟姆沒有起得足夠早。

????????·have every intention of doing ...????打算做某事

????????????·I had every intention of phoning her this morning, but I just didn't get a chance.????今天早上我本來很想給她打電話的，但一直沒有機會。

? ? ? ? ·否定形式

????????????·not intend to do

????????????·not mean to do

????????????·have no intention of doing ...

????????????????·I had no intention of buying one, but I could not conceal the fact that I was impressed by the size of the diamonds.????我本來沒打算買，但我無法掩飾這樣一個事實:鉆石的大小給我留下了深刻的印象。

????·dress up?as ...????裝扮成，打扮成

????·dress sb. up as ...????把某人打扮成 ...

????????·We dressed him up as a gorilla.????我們把他打扮成了一個猩猩

????????·..., he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill.???????他立即打電話通知警察有兩個學生打扮成了工人模樣，正在用風鉆開鑿道路?

????·練習造句：他打扮成一個鬼去參加這個化妝晚會。

????????·He?went?to?the fancy-dress? party?dressed?up as a ghost.?

????·disguise sb. as ...? ? 把某人打扮成 ...

????????·He disguised himself as a dustman.????他把他自己裝扮成了垃圾工

????·disguised as ... (非謂語)

????????·Alfred the Great acted as his own spy, visiting Danish camps disguised as a minstrel.?????阿爾弗雷德大帝親自充當自己的間接，打扮成了一個吟游歌手的摸樣，到了丹麥人的部隊里面去。

????????·dress up????穿著過分的正式了

????????????·You don't need to dress up for a casual party.????你不需要為這個隨意的聚會穿的過分正式

????????·overdressed adj.????穿著太正式了，過于打扮的，過于講究的

????????????·I think we are overdressed.????我認為我們穿的太正式了

????????·dress down????穿著很隨意

????????????·In many offices, prople dress down on Fridays.????在許多辦公室，人們在星期五穿便裝。

????? ? ·underdressed adj.????穿著不夠正式的，過于隨便的

????????????·Everyone else was in smart suit and I felt a bit underdressed.????其他人都穿著時髦的西裝，我覺得自己有點穿著不得體。

????·the night before????事情發(fā)生的前一天晚上

????????·the earlier/previous/preceding night????前/上 一晚

????·the night after????轉天晚上

????????·the next/following/succeeding night????下一個/接下來的/隨后的 晚上

????·be impatient to do ...????急不可待的想做某事(等的不耐煩了)

????????·be eager/anxious/itching/desperate/dying to do ...????渴望/焦急的，急切的/感到很癢的，渴望/亡命的 去做

????·can't wait to do ...????迫不及待地去做

Though the costume consisted only of a sheet, it was very effective.

????·consisted 可替換為 composed

????????·Though the costume was composed only of a sheet, ...

After putting it on, Mrs. Richards went downstairs. She wanted to find out whether it would be comfortable to wear.

????·find out????了解到某個事實，真相

????·形容詞后如果用動詞不定式做補語，用主動表達被動的含義

????????·He is easy to fool.

????????·She is extremely difficult to please.????這個人很難去取悅她

????????·The machine is awkward to handle.????這個機器很難去操作

????????·The man is hard to work with.????跟這個男人共事太難了

Just as Mrs. Richards was entering the dining room, there was a knock on the front door.

????·just adv.????表示就在那個時刻?

????????·還可以用下面的表達進行替換

????????·At the very moment (when) Mrs. Richards was ...????先行詞是表示時間的詞語，when 可以去掉

????·9.____Mrs. Richards was entering the dining room ...

????????·(a) At the very moment?

????????·(b) So long as????引導條件狀語從句，只要 ...

????????·(c) Only when????直到 ... 才 ...

????????·(d) During the time????在 ... 期間

????·there was a knock on ...????無靈主語

????????·中文語序：somebody knocked at the front door.

????????·中文語序：There are more and more people who are interested in English in China.????在中國有越來越多的人對英語感興趣

? ? ????????·interest in????對 ... 的興趣

????????·調整為無靈主語：There is increasing interest in English in China.????中國人對英語的興趣越來越濃厚

????????·中文語序：People generally agree that women should enjoy full equality with men.????人們普遍認為婦女應該享有與男子完全平等的權利

????????·調整為無靈主語：There is?general?agreement?that women should enjoy?full?equality?with men????人們普遍認為婦女應享有與男子完全平等的權利

????????·The sea bed was scoured with powerful nets and there was tremendous excitement on board when a chest was raised from the bottom.????人們用強大的網(wǎng)把海床搜了一遍，當一只箱子從海底被打撈上來時，船上的人都非常興奮

????????????·scour vt.????四處搜索；（費力地）擦洗

????????·While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers.????雖然法律新聞的質量參差不齊，但許多記者過分依賴律師提供給他們的解釋

She knew that it must be the baker.

????·it 表示推斷這個人，沒有看到 TA?的臉，而不用人稱代詞

????????·打電話沒看到對方的臉，要問對方是誰：Who is it？/Who is there？。如果當面看到臉了，可以問：Who are you？

She had told him to come straight in if ever she failed to open the door and to leave the bread on the kitchen table.

????·if 引導條件狀語從句

????????·if ever?如果，且無論何時

????·told sb. to do sth.。后面的 and 并列兩句話，省略了 She had told him

????·straight adv.????直接，立刻，不當誤地：directly；immediately；without delay。直接放在中心動詞后面，不放在副詞，介詞后。

????????·I got home and went straight to bed.????我回到家就直接上床睡覺了

????????·Time is short so I'll get straight to the point.????時間不多了，我就開門見山了

????????·-M: We thought we'd all go out for lunch today. Can you be ready to leave at one o'clock?

????????·-W: I have to pick up my car and do a couple of other errands. So I'll just come straight to the restaurant.

????????????·pick up my car????取車

????????????·a couple of????兩(三)個

????????????·errand n.????差事，跑腿(打醬油，接孩子)

????????·Answer：Meet her friends at the restaurant.

????·leave v.????留下，放下；把東西遺忘在 ...

????????·Please leave a message.????請留言

????????·Please leave your address.????請留下您地地址

????????·Did anybody leave a jacket behind last night?????昨晚有誰把夾克衫落在這里了嗎？

Not wanting to frighten the poor man, Mrs. Richards quickly hid in the small storeroom under the stairs.

????·not wanting ...????非謂語動詞 wanting?作原因狀語

????????·可以改為?Because she didn't want to frighter poor man,

????????·Because he didn't want to be recognized, the suspect dressed up as a priest.????因為不想被認出來，嫌疑犯打扮成牧師的樣子

????????????·可調整為：Not wanting to be recognized,?the?suspect?dressed?up as a?priest.????這樣更簡潔

She heard the front door open and heavy footsteps in the hall. Suddenly the door of the storeroom was opened and a man entered. Mrs. Richards realized that it must be the man from the Electricity Board who had come to read the metre.

????·that 引導賓語從句，who 引導定語從句?

????·某人想到了某事

????????·sth. occur to sb.

????????·sth. strike sb.

????????·sth. dawn on sb.

????????????·It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box.????一個工人突然想到要打開箱子

????????????·It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation.????我突然間想到了如何改變這個局勢

????????????·It suddenly dawned on me that this express was not roaring down the line at ninety miles an hour, but barely chugging along at thirty.????我突然間想到，這輛快車并沒有按照90英里每小時的時速而下，而僅僅用幾乎不到30英里的速度緩慢前進

????·from 從哪里來的

????????·experts from the zoo????從動物園來的專家

????????·a spokeswoman for the Bank????一位為銀行工作的女發(fā)言人

????????·editors of newspapers and magazine????報社和雜志社的編輯(of 不強調從哪來，也不強調為那家公司工作)

????·Electricity Board????電力局

????????·the Water Board????水利局

????????·the Gas Board????燃氣局

????????·the board of directors????董事局

????????????·He is on the board/a board member.

????·read the metre????查表

????????·take a meter-reading????查表

????·read v.????讀，識

????????·read music? ??讀譜：理解和演奏音樂符號的能力，包括音符、節(jié)拍、音高、節(jié)奏等

????????·read one's mind????(讀某人的心思)看透某人的心思

????????·read one's palm????(都手相)看手相

She tried to explain the situation, saying‘It’s only me’, but it was too late.

????·saying 伴隨狀語，表示 try to do 動作的重要性，而 saying 是次要的

????·如果想要突出說：

????????·Trying to explain the situation, she said 'It's only me', but it was too late.

????·He looked at his watch and saw that it was one o'clock, but the bell struck thirteen times and then it stopped.????將該句修改，突出動作的主次

????????·Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o'clock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped.?

????·獨立主格（如果句子的主語不統(tǒng)一的情況）

????????·(with) + n. + 非謂語 (doing/done/to do, 其中 being 常省略)

????????·He stooped running and sweat streamed down his face.????將該句修改，突出動作的主次

????????????·He stopped running (with) sweat streaming down his face.

????????????·He/With him?stopping?running?sweat streamed down his face.????注意，加了介詞 with 就要跟賓語，構成介賓短語

?The man let out a cry and jumped back several paces.

????·let out????人發(fā)出叫喚聲

? ? ????·let out a cry/scream????大叫一聲

????????·utter a cry/scream????utter v.????說，講，發(fā)出(聲音)

????????·give a cry/scream????發(fā)出叫喊聲

When Mrs. Richards walked towards him, he fled, slamming the door behind him.

????·slamming 作伴隨狀語