牧游社 牧有漢化翻譯

HoI4 Dev Diary - A Tech Lead's Life

MatRopert, HoI4 Tech Lead

Hello everyone, it's your favourite (and only) tech lead, The French Paradox!

大家吼哇，是大家最愛的（也是唯一的）技術(shù)領(lǐng)隊(duì)，French Paradox！

In this diary I'll tell you more about our tech, give some insights into the programmer's job, what we've been up to for the past year (and some change) and offer you a chance to ask any question you may have about tech.

本篇日志會(huì)和大家多聊點(diǎn)技術(shù)層面的問題，提供一些關(guān)于碼農(nóng)工作的內(nèi)情，比如我們過去一年來都整了點(diǎn)啥（以及一些變動(dòng)），并給大家提供詢問技術(shù)相關(guān)問題的機(jī)會(huì)。

Saying old platforms goodbye

跟老平臺(tái)說拜拜罷

First, with the upcoming 1.11 patch we will be retiring some old Linux and Mac platforms that aren't maintained by their own developers anymore.

首先，即將到來的1.11版本號(hào)補(bǔ)丁會(huì)淘汰一些不再由他們自己的開發(fā)者維護(hù)的舊Linux和Mac平臺(tái)。

This means that starting next update the minimum OS version to run HoI will be Ubuntu 18.04 (on Linux) and macOS 10.11 (El Capitan) on Mac.

也就是說自下次更新起，運(yùn)行鋼鐵雄心的最低操作系統(tǒng)版本將為Ubuntu 18.04（Linux）以及Mac上的macOS 10.11 (El Capitan)。

There shouldn't be much to worry about though, as the previous versions are older than HoI itself at this point and our telemetry shows almost all of you have upgraded long ago.

不過應(yīng)該沒啥要擔(dān)心的，這些舊版本甚至比鋼鐵雄心本身還要老，而且我們的遙測數(shù)據(jù)顯示幾乎所有的人都在很久以前就已經(jīng)升級(jí)了。

For those on Windows who look anxiously at their aging Windows 7, keep calm and carry on, we have no plans to drop support for it (although as a friendly tech person I'd still suggest you consider upgrading).

對(duì)于那些正焦慮地瞥向自己年邁Win7的玩家，保持冷靜繼續(xù)前行，我們沒有放棄相關(guān)支持的打算（不過作為友好的技術(shù)人員，我還是建議你考慮升級(jí)系統(tǒng)）。

Why do we make those decisions you may wonder? Two reasons: one maintaining old tech comes with a cost that we would rather spend on improving the game for 99% of the users, and two sometimes it blocks the adoption of new tech that would make our programmers job easier and more efficient.

你可能想問我們?yōu)樯哆?？原因有二：一是維護(hù)舊技術(shù)的成本，我們寧可把這些成本花在為99%的用戶改進(jìn)游戲上；二是有時(shí)它阻礙了新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，而新技術(shù)會(huì)讓我們的碼農(nóng)干活更輕松高效。

Without going too much into details, the general idea is that we can only use tech that is supported on all platforms, so basically we're only as modern as the oldest thing we support. If you take the case of Linux for example, the previous Ubuntu release was from 2016, meaning HoI could not use anything released since then (and probably a bit before, as Ubuntu LTS releases usually don't ship with the latest shiny goodies). Some time we can work our way around it, but not always.

不說那么細(xì)，總之大體上的意思是，我們只能使用所有平臺(tái)都支持的技術(shù)，我們程序能有多現(xiàn)金基本取決于我們能支持的最舊平臺(tái)。比如以Linux為例，上個(gè)Ubuntu版本是2016發(fā)布的，這意味著鋼鐵雄心不能動(dòng)用此后發(fā)布的任何玩意兒（甚至還可能有之前的，因?yàn)閁buntu的長期支持版本通常不包含最新最炫的好貨）。有時(shí)我們能繞開這個(gè)問題，但也不是肯定能做到。

Speaking of new tech...

說到新技術(shù)的話…

DirectX 11

迪瑞克特叉壹壹

That's right, the next HoI4 release will join Stellaris and the other more recent PDS games by adding DirectX 11 support.

啊對(duì)，下一個(gè)鋼鐵雄心4的發(fā)布版本將會(huì)像群星和其他最近更新的P社游戲一樣，加入對(duì)DirectX 11的支持。

DirectX 9 will still be the default for now, but you will be able to select another renderer in the launcher settings.

DirectX 9仍將是默認(rèn)選項(xiàng)，但你可以在啟動(dòng)選項(xiàng)中選擇另一個(gè)渲染器。

There shouldn't be any visual difference between DX9 and DX11 (and OpenGL for that matter), we have been working on making sure the experience will be the same.

DX9和DX11（以及類似的OpenGL）應(yīng)該不會(huì)有任何視覺上的差異，我們一直在努力保證提供相同的體驗(yàn)。

The game should load a bit faster however, especially if you use a lot of mods that bring extra textures and models.

但游戲加載應(yīng)該會(huì)快一點(diǎn)，尤其是啟用了很多提供額外紋理和模型的mod的話。

Working remotely for more than a year, we also noticed less issues playing with remote desktop and the like, which might not be a big deal for most of you but was quite appreciable for our devs during development.

在一年多的遠(yuǎn)程工作中，我們同樣注意到了用遠(yuǎn)程桌面進(jìn)行游戲的問題較少，這可能對(duì)多數(shù)玩家來說不是什么大事，但對(duì)開發(fā)人員來說可是開發(fā)過程中的幸事。

Finally it did help us tweaking & fixing the new railways & trains graphics (as most graphics debugging tools have dropped support for DX9).

最后，它確實(shí)幫我們調(diào)整修復(fù)了最新的鐵路/火車模型（因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)模型調(diào)試工具已經(jīng)放棄了對(duì)DX9的支持）。

Performance

性能

We know that performance is always at the heart of every discussion about our games and as a Tech Lead I have been keeping a close eye on it.

我們知道性能始終是游戲相關(guān)討論的核心，而作為技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)人，我也一直在密切關(guān)注它。

So far it looks like our release candidate is roughly on par with the current 1.10 patch, performance wise.

目前看來，待發(fā)布版本在性能上與目前的1.10版本號(hào)補(bǔ)丁基本持平。

Why not better, I can already hear you typing? The main reason is that the game on 1.11 is a different beast 1.10 (which itself is quite different from the original 1.0 release).

當(dāng)然，我也猜到大家正打字在問“為啥沒有改進(jìn)”。主要原因在于游戲的1.11版本號(hào)和1.10版本號(hào)相差甚遠(yuǎn)（1.10本身與1.0原版也很不同）。

Namely, the supply simulation is now much more deep and complex, and needs to account for all those railways across the world and the fact that now allies can supply each other.

重點(diǎn)在于，現(xiàn)在的補(bǔ)給模擬要更深入復(fù)雜，還要考慮到世界各地的所有鐵路以及盟友間可以互相補(bǔ)給的情況。

While I am writing those words, our compatibility lab is working hard at running the game on various hardware configurations to give us a more complete picture and perhaps a few suggestions for an updated recommended configuration, as the one you can see on Steam right now dates back from the original release.

在我寫日志的同時(shí)，我們的兼容性實(shí)驗(yàn)組正努力在各種硬件配置上運(yùn)行游戲，以便提供更廣泛的情況，或許還有一些更新推薦配置的建議，畢竟現(xiàn)在Steam上的推薦配置還是最初發(fā)布時(shí)的版本。

Toying with a 11th generation i9 and a RTX 3090. Will it take off?

耍一耍11代i9和3090，看它能否起飛。

On the topic of measuring performance, the Barbarossa update will include an in-game profiler that you can use to measure how your machine performs.

關(guān)于性能測試的話題，在巴巴羅薩更新中將會(huì)加入一個(gè)游戲內(nèi)的分析器，你可以用它來測試你機(jī)器的性能。

You should be able to spawn it from the console using the magic line imgui show profiler.

你可以用“imgui show profiler”這句咒語來從控制臺(tái)生成該工具。

For example here is the current release candidate on my home i7-10700 with a RTX 2080 SUPER:

例如，這是在我家里的i7-10700與RTX 2080 SUPER上運(yùn)行的待發(fā)布版本：

1936 fresh start, speed 5, Direct 11, vsync off

1936默認(rèn)開局，5速，Direct 11環(huán)境，垂直同步關(guān)閉

1943 test save, speed 5, Direct 11, vsync off

1943年的測試存檔狀況，游戲速度為5，Direct 11環(huán)境，垂直同步關(guān)閉

As you can see this offers a few metrics that can be collected by toggling the Enable/Disable Collection button at the top.

正如上圖所示，這個(gè)界面顯示數(shù)個(gè)可以由頂部的啟用/禁用收集按鈕控制。

A few things you can get from it:

你能從這個(gè)界面了解到這些信息：

Render time:?the average time to render one frame over the last second
渲染時(shí)間：過去一秒鐘內(nèi)，渲染一幀所需要的平均時(shí)間

Render time excluding present:?same as previous but excludes the time spent waiting on the GPU to actually present the frame on screen. The difference is usually due to vsync.
排除顯示的渲染時(shí)間：和上一個(gè)概念一樣，除了不計(jì)算花在等待GPU將畫面投放到屏幕上的時(shí)間。兩者的差別往往來自垂直同步。

Frames per second:?the FPS count, you know this one
每秒幀數(shù)：大家最愛的大名鼎鼎的FPS。

Ticks per second:?how many in-game hours were simulated over the course of the last second
時(shí)間速率：過去一秒內(nèi)模擬的游戲內(nèi)時(shí)間變化，以小時(shí)為單位。

Last tick:?the time it took to simulate the last hour or new day/week/month
上個(gè)時(shí)間變化：模擬游戲內(nèi)最后一小時(shí)，或者是加載新的一天、一周或一月所需要的時(shí)間

Last 24 ticks average:?same as previous but averaged from the last 24 (or less depending on how much time was spent collecting data)
過去24次時(shí)間變化的平均值：和前一個(gè)概念一樣，但取值來自最近的24個(gè)數(shù)值（減少收集數(shù)據(jù)所消耗的時(shí)間帶來的影響）

Next you have a nice graph representation of where (in which system) that time was spent. We use it to quickly eyeball a performance report, especially when external programmer tools are not available (for example when it happens on a non-dev machine).

之后就會(huì)產(chǎn)出一個(gè)精美的圖表，用于了解電腦都把時(shí)間花在哪了。我們利用這個(gè)分析器來快速制作運(yùn)行報(bào)告，尤其是在外部編程工具不可用的時(shí)候（比如在一臺(tái)非開發(fā)用設(shè)備上運(yùn)行測試的時(shí)候）。

Final tip: if the profiler doesn't show up with the magic console command, try turning it off and on again using imgui off then imgui on.

最后一點(diǎn)建議：如果你輸入控制臺(tái)指令后分析器還是沒出現(xiàn)，試著用imgui off和imgui on指令重啟分析器

A personal pet peeve

個(gè)人小活

Programmers at PDS are rarely just that. Most of us get involved in the game development by offering insights on design, balance or content, and I am no exception.

當(dāng)然PDS碼農(nóng)不光負(fù)責(zé)這些。大多數(shù)成員還會(huì)以提供設(shè)計(jì)、平衡和內(nèi)容方面建議的方式參與到游戲開發(fā)之中，我也一樣。

So now is the time to talk about French Communism.

那么趁機(jī)來講講法國共產(chǎn)黨。

If you remember the French focus tree from La Résistance, if you go communist you get this guy:

在抵抗運(yùn)動(dòng)La Résistance拓展包的法國國策樹中，如果你選擇走共產(chǎn)線，你就會(huì)遇到這個(gè)老哥：

Maurice Thorez was historically the leader of the Parti Communiste Fran?ais (PCF).

史實(shí)中的莫里斯·多列士曾是法國共產(chǎn)黨（Parti Communiste Fran?ais）的領(lǐng)袖。

If you walk through some cities in France you can even find streets bearing his name still today.

時(shí)至今日，若在法國某些城市中漫步，你甚至還能找到一些仍以他命名的街道。

But he had one characteristic trait: he was a die-hard Stalinist who followed the Moscow line until his death in 1964. He had a?city?and an?institute?named after him in the USSR.

而他有個(gè)特點(diǎn)：這人是個(gè)鐵了心的斯大林派，直到他在1964年去世之前他都堅(jiān)定地追隨著莫斯科路線。蘇聯(lián)甚至以他的名字命名了一座城市（指多列士，位于烏克蘭頓涅茨克州）和一所學(xué)院（莫里斯·多列士莫斯科國立外國語師范學(xué)院，1990年更名為莫斯科國立語言大學(xué)并沿用至今）。

On the day the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact was signed, he is in vacation in the Alps and the PCF changes its stance on Germany and Poland overnight following Moscow's instructions without asking him. When he comes back, he just shrugs and goes along with it.

在莫洛托夫-里賓特洛甫條約簽訂當(dāng)天，他正在阿爾卑斯山度假，而法共也遵循莫斯科的要求，迅速且干脆地改變了其對(duì)德國和波蘭的立場。莫里斯從阿爾卑斯返回后，也只是聳了聳肩順應(yīng)了時(shí)勢(shì)。

With that in mind, I felt that it was weird you would keep him as a leader if you do not go for the "Loyalty To Moscow" sub-tree.

有了以上背景，我感覺如果你不選“忠于莫斯科”這條國策路線，那還讓他作為國家領(lǐng)袖看起來怪怪的。

I did some research in French sources and found a better candidate to replace him. Behold:

我參考了一些法國文獻(xiàn)，找到了一個(gè)更好的候選人。讓我們熱烈歡迎：

René Nicod was a member of the PCF in 1939, but when the party decided to realign itself following the Pact, he and a couple other MPs quit the party and founded the Union Populaire Fran?aise (UPF) or French Popular Union in English. They denounced the Pact and supported the government's decision to stand with Poland.

勒內(nèi)·尼克德在1939年曾是法共的一員，但當(dāng)法共在《蘇德互不侵犯條約》簽訂后進(jìn)行路線調(diào)整時(shí)，他和其他幾個(gè)議員決定退黨并成立了法國人民聯(lián)盟（French Popular Union, Union Populaire Fran?aise, abbr. UPF）。他們公開譴責(zé)該條約并支持政府與波蘭共進(jìn)退。

In Barbarossa if you own La Résistance and go either Anti-Fascist Coalition or Loyalty to the cause you will get a new party and leader:

在巴巴羅薩Barbarossa更新中，如果你已經(jīng)擁有抵抗運(yùn)動(dòng)La Résistance，并且任選“成立反法西斯同盟”和“忠于事業(yè)”兩者其一，你會(huì)獲得新的政黨名字和領(lǐng)袖：

反法西斯聯(lián)盟
完成時(shí)間：70天
需要完成國策制憲大會(huì)
法蘭西公社完全獨(dú)立
和以下國策相互排斥：忠于莫斯科，忠于事業(yè)
該國策的進(jìn)度在條件不滿足的情況下將會(huì)被取消
效果：
勒內(nèi)·尼科德成為共產(chǎn)政黨領(lǐng)袖
勒內(nèi)·尼克德獲得特性：不情愿的老兵
適役人口修正：+5%
戰(zhàn)爭支持度：5%
共產(chǎn)政黨將會(huì)被稱為“法國人民聯(lián)盟”
英國：觸發(fā)事件：法蘭西公社尋求加入同盟國

忠于事業(yè)
完成時(shí)間：70天
需要完成國策摧毀反革命
法蘭西公社完全獨(dú)立
和以下國策相互排斥：反法西斯聯(lián)盟，忠于莫斯科
該國策的進(jìn)度在條件不滿足的情況下將會(huì)被取消
效果：
勒內(nèi)·尼科德成為共產(chǎn)政黨領(lǐng)袖
勒內(nèi)·尼科德獲得特性：無產(chǎn)階級(jí)國際主義者
非核心人力+2.5%
戰(zhàn)爭支持度+5%
共產(chǎn)政黨將會(huì)被稱為“法國人民聯(lián)盟”
設(shè)定規(guī)則：可以建立陣營
建立陣營：巴黎協(xié)約
雅克·杜克勒成為特工

Each branch will give a different flavour of Nicod inspired by his published opinions pieces during the Great War (he both supported in the French Army and lost his hand in the trenches but also denounced the war on ideological grounds and hoped the French and German workers would unite in a common cause).

不同“風(fēng)味”的尼科德將會(huì)由這兩條國策線提供給玩家，以此體現(xiàn)他在一戰(zhàn)期間發(fā)表的評(píng)論思想。（他支持法軍，并在戰(zhàn)壕中失去自己的雙手，但同時(shí)也反對(duì)這場基于意識(shí)形態(tài)立場的戰(zhàn)爭，并希望德法兩國工人可以在共同的事業(yè)中聯(lián)合起來。）

Finally, it turned out to be a bit difficult to find a good portrait for our artists. My initial research in the French National Assembly online database only yielded a low-res blurry picture.

最后，看起來給美工找合適的畫像并不容易。我最開始在法國國民議會(huì)的線上數(shù)據(jù)庫里的研究只找到了一些模糊的低分辨率畫像。

But luckily a small French shop decided to sell its stock of old photos on eBay and his mayor portrait was one of the articles.

但萬幸的是，一家名不見經(jīng)傳的法國小店決定在eBay上出售他們庫存里的老照片，而尼科德的畫像就是其中之一。

We could have stopped there and used the ad's preview picture as a source, but of course we had to buy and ship to Sweden.

當(dāng)然到這兒其實(shí)就夠了，我們本可以用廣告上的預(yù)覽圖作為作畫參考，但我社肯定要買下這畫像，再讓他們送到瑞典。

So here he is, looking over the HOI corner in our Stockholm office!

所以他來了，在我們斯德哥爾摩的辦公室俯視鋼鐵雄心之角

And with that, I'll happily take your questions

就到這里吧，我也很期待你們的問題

PS: a few back we talked about?Modding Changes.?@Aurelien Delay?looked at your feedback and has more insights to share that should help you convert your mod to the new character system

注：先前我們提到過模組制作變動(dòng)，@Aurelien Delay都看了各位的反饋，并為如何將mod適配新人物系統(tǒng)提供了更深入的介紹。

https://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/threads/nsb-modding-tool-for-easy-character-system-conversion.1496450/

翻譯：Raymond 月蝕

校對(duì)：zzztotoso 三等文官猹中堂

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