GB/T 27698.2-2023 英文版/外文版 熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試方法第2部分：熱交換器 代替 GB/T 27698.2-2011, GB/T 27698.3-2011 and GB/T 27698.4-2011 GB/T 27698.2-2023 英文版/外文版 Test methods for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements - Part 2: Heat exchangers GBT 27698.2-2023 英文版/外文版 GB 27698.2-2023 英文版/外文版 ? 前言 本文件按照GB/T 1.1—2020《標準化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標準化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)定起草。 本文件是GB/T 27698《熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試方法》的第2部分。GB/T 27698已經(jīng)發(fā)布了以下部分： ——第1部分:通用要求； ——第2部分:熱交換器； ——第3部分：傳熱元件； —第4部分:空冷器噪聲測定。 本文件代替GB/T 27698.2—2011《熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試方法?第2部分：管殼式熱交換器》、GB/T 27698.3—2011《熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試方法?第3部分：板式熱交換器》與GB/T 27698.4—2011《熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試方法?第4部分：螺旋板式熱交換器》與GB/T?27698.2—2011，GB/T?27698.3—2011和GB/T?27698.4—2011相比，除結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和編輯性改動外，主要技術(shù)變化如下： a)?增加了“標準工況”與“定性溫度”的術(shù)語定義（見第3章）； b)?更改了管殼式熱交換器產(chǎn)品型號與樣機參數(shù)的規(guī)定（見4.1.1，GB/T 27698.2—2011的3.1）； c)?增加了管殼式熱交換器性能測試有效代表范圍的規(guī)定（見4.1.2）； d)?更改了板式熱交換器裝機片數(shù)要求（見4.2.1，GB/T 27698.3-2011的第1章）； e)?更改了板式熱交換器產(chǎn)品型號與樣機參數(shù)的規(guī)定（見4.2.2，GB/T 27698.3-2011的3.1）； f)?增加了板式熱交換器性能測試有效代表范圍的規(guī)定（見4.2.3）； g)?更改了螺旋板式熱交換器產(chǎn)品型號與樣機參數(shù)的規(guī)定（見4.3.1，GB/T 27698.4—2011的3.1）； h)?增加了螺旋板式熱交換器件能測試有效代表范圍的規(guī)定（見4.3.2）； i)?增加了液-液無相變湍流性能測試工況點數(shù)據(jù)采集時間間隔要求（見5.1.3）； j)?增加了液-液無相變低流速性能測試程序（見5.2）； k)?增加了汽-液冷凝性能測試工況點數(shù)據(jù)采集時間間隔要求（見5.3.3）； 1)?增加了汽-液流動沸騰與蒸發(fā)性能測試工況點數(shù)據(jù)采集時間間隔要求（見5.4.3）； m)?刪除了汽-液流動沸騰與蒸發(fā)性能測試工況點數(shù)據(jù)采集熱平衡相對誤差要求（見GB/T 27698.2—2011的3.2.3.3，GB/T 27698.3—2011的3.2.3.3，GB/T 27698.4—2011的3.2.3.3）； n)?增加了池沸騰傳熱性能測試程序（見5.5）； o)?更改了汽-液冷凝性能測試數(shù)據(jù)處理的規(guī)定（見6.2，GB/T27698.2-2011的4.2, GB/T27698.3—2011的4.2，GB/T27698.4—2011的4.2）； p)?更改了汽-液流動沸騰與蒸發(fā)性能測試數(shù)據(jù)處理的規(guī)定（見6.3，GB/T 27698.2-2011的4.3.GB/T 27698.3—2011的4.3，GB/T 27698.4—2011的4.3）； q)?增加了池沸騰傳熱性能測試數(shù)據(jù)處理的規(guī)定（見6.4）； r)?增加了不確定度的規(guī)定（見7.3）； s)?增加了測試報告的規(guī)定（見第8章）。 請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識別專利的責(zé)任。 本文件由全國鍋爐壓力容器標準化技術(shù)委員會（SAC/TC262）提出并歸口。 本文件于2011年首次發(fā)布，本次為第一次修訂，修訂時并入了GB/T 27698.3—2011《熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試方法?第3部分：板式熱交換器》與GB/T 27698.4—2011《熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試方法?笫4部分：螺旋板式熱交換器》的內(nèi)容（GB/T 27698.3—2011與GB/T 27698.4—2011均為2011年首次發(fā)布）。 引言 性能測試是確定熱交換器及傳熱元件流動與傳熱特性的最準確的方法。為了保證性能測試有序開展，GB/T27698旨在確立普遍適用于熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試的測試系統(tǒng)、測試條件、數(shù)據(jù)處理方法及測試報告要求，擬由四個部分組成。 ——第1部分：通用要求。目的在于確立適用于各類熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試的測試系統(tǒng)、測量儀表、測量方法、數(shù)據(jù)處理方法及測試報告的通用要求。 ——第2部分：熱交換器。目的在于確立各類典型熱交換器性能測試時產(chǎn)品參數(shù)信息、測試程序、數(shù)據(jù)處理結(jié)果及測試報告要求。 ——第3部分：傳熱元件。目的在于確立各類典型傳熱元件性能測試的汽-氣冷凝測試方法及產(chǎn)品參數(shù)信息、測試程序、數(shù)據(jù)處理結(jié)果與測試報告要求。 ——第4部分:空冷器噪聲測定。目的在于確立空冷器噪聲測定的測紙參數(shù)、測試環(huán)境、測試儀表、測試方法及測定報告的要求。 由于GB/T 27698不可能、也沒有必要囊括熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試的所有技術(shù)細節(jié)，因此，在滿足準確性要求的前提下，不限制本文件中沒有特別提及的技術(shù)內(nèi)容。 GB/T 27698不限制性能測試時采用先進的測試技術(shù)和測試方法，但工程技術(shù)人員采用先進的技術(shù)方法時，宜對其科學(xué)性與準確性做出可靠的判斷。 熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試方法第2部分：熱交換器 1?范圍 本文件描述了熱交換器性能測試程序、測試數(shù)據(jù)處理及測試報告要求。 本文件適用于管殼式熱交換器（含套管式熱交換器）、板式熱交換器（含焊接板式熱交換器、釬焊板式熱交換器）、螺旋板式熱交換器的性能測試試。 2?規(guī)范性引用文件 下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文件，僅該日期對應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件：不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用于本文件。 GB/T 151 熱交換器 GB/T 27698.1 熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試方法第1部分：通用要求 NB/T 47004.1 板式熱交換器第1部分：可拆卸板式熱交換器 NB/T 47004.2 板式熱交換器第2部分:焊接板式熱交換器 NB/T 47045 釬焊板式熱交換器 NB/T 47048 螺旋板式熱交換器 3?術(shù)語和定義 GB/T 27698.1界定的以及下列術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件。 標準工況standard condition 設(shè)定的用于表征熱交換器性能的工況條件。 定性溫度reference temperature 計算時選取工質(zhì)物性的參考溫度。 注：通常選取工質(zhì)進口、出口溫度的算術(shù)平均值。 4?產(chǎn)品型號及試樣參數(shù) 4.1?管殼式熱交換器 4.1.1?管殼式熱交換器測試時應(yīng)明確產(chǎn)品型號及以下參數(shù)： a）殼程結(jié)構(gòu)與幾何尺寸； b）換熱管形式與幾何尺寸； c）換熱管排列方式： d）管間距： e）折流元件的形式與布置； f）流程； g）管側(cè)、殼側(cè)的當(dāng)量宜徑； h）管側(cè)、殼側(cè)的流通截面積； i）換熱管材質(zhì)； j）傳熱面積； k）設(shè)計溫度： 1）設(shè)計壓力。 以上結(jié)構(gòu)與設(shè)計數(shù)據(jù)的確定應(yīng)按照GB/T 151和GB/T 27698.1的要求進行。 4.1.2?當(dāng)產(chǎn)品型號或者1.1.1中a）?g）任一參數(shù)發(fā)生變化時，應(yīng)重新進行性能測試。 Foreword Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents. This document is Part 2 of GB/T 27698 Test methods for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements. The following parts of GB/T 27698 have been issued: ——Part 1: General requirements; ——Part 2: Heat exchangers; ——Part 3: Heat exchange elements; ——Part 4: Measurement of noise from air-cooled heat exchangers; This document replaces GB/T 27698.2-2011 Test method for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange element - Part 2: Tubular heat exchanger, GB/T 27698.3-2011 Test method for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange element - Part 3: Plate heat exchanger and GB/T 27698.4-2011 Test method for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange element - Part 4: Spiral heat exchanger. In addition to changes in structure and editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 27698.2-2011, GB/T 27698.3-2011 and GB/T 27698.4-2011: a)?The terms "standard condition" and "reference temperature" and their definitions have been added (see Clause 3); b)?The product model and prototype parameters of the tubular heat exchanger have been modified (see 4.1.1 hereof; 3.1 of GB/T 27698.2-2011); c)?Specifications on the effective representative range for performance test of the tubular heat exchanger have been added (see 4.1.2); d)?The requirements for the number of plates installed in the plate heat exchanger (see 4.2.1 hereof; Clause 1 of GB/T 27698.3-2011); e)?Specifications of product model and prototype parameters of the plate heat exchanger have been modified (see 4.2.2 hereof; 3.1 of GB/T 27698.3-2011); f)?Specifications on the effective representative range for performance test of the plate heat exchanger have been added (see 4.2.3); g)?The product model and prototype parameters of the spiral heat exchanger have been added (see 4.3.1 hereof; 3.1 of GB/T 27698.4-2011); h)?Specifications on the effective representative range for performance test of the spiral heat exchanger have been added (see 4.3.2); i)?The time interval requirements for data acquisition at operating point of performance test for liquid-liquid phase-free turbulence (see 5.1.3); j)?The liquid-liquid phase-free low flow rate performance test program has been added (see 5.2); k)?The time interval requirements for data acquisition at operating point of performance test for vapor-liquid condensation have been added (see 5.3.3); 1)?The time interval requirements for data acquisition at operating point of performance test for vapor-liquid flow boiling and evaporation have been added (see 5.4.3); m)?The relative error requirements of heat balance for data acquisition of vapor-liquid flow boiling and evaporation performance test operating point have been deleted (see 3.2.3.3 of GB/T 27698.2-2011, 3.2.3.3 of GB/T 27698.3-2011 and 3.2.3.3 of GB/T 27698.4-2011); n)?Pool boiling heat exchange performance test program has been added (see 5.5); o)?The regulations on data processing of vapor-liquid condensation performance test have been modified (see 6.2 hereof; 4.2 of GB/T 27698.2-2011, 4.2 of GB/T 27698.3-2011 and 4.2 of GB/T 27698.4-2011); p)?The regulations for data processing of vapor-liquid flow boiling and evaporation performance test have been modified (see 6.3, 4.3 of GB/T 27698.2-2011, 4.3 of GB/T 27698.3-2011, 4.3 of GB/T 27698.4-2011); q)?The regulation of data processing for pool boiling heat exchange performance test have been added (see 6.4); r)?The requirements for uncertainty have been added (see 7.3); s)?The requirements for test report have been added (see Clause 8). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 262 National Technical Committee on Boilers and Pressure Vessels of Standardization Administration of China. This document was firstly released in 2011, and this edition is the first revision. It incorporated the contents of GB/T 27698.3-2011 Test method for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange element - Part 3: Plate heat exchanger and GB/T 27698.4-2011 Test method for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange element - Part 4: Spiral heat exchanger (GB/T 27698.3-2011 and GB/T 27698.4-2011 were both first released in 2011). Introduction Performance test is the most accurate method to determine the flow and heat exchange characteristics of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements. In order to ensure the orderly development of performance test, GB/T 27698 aims to establish a test system, test conditions, data processing methods and test report requirements which are generally applicable to the performance test of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements. It is planned to be composed of four parts. ——Part 1: General requirements, which aims to establish common requirements for test system, measuring instruments, measuring methods, data processing methods and test reports for performance test of various types of heat exchangers and heat transfer elements. ——Part 2: Heat exchangers, which aims to establish the product parameter information, test program, data processing results and test report requirements when testing the performance of various typical heat exchangers. ——Part 3: Heat exchange elements, which aims to establish the steam-gas condensation test method, product parameter information, test program, data processing results and test report requirements for performance test of various typical heat exchange elements. ——Part 4: Measurement of noise from air-cooled heat exchangers, which aims to establish the requirements for test paper parameters, test environment, test instruments, test methods and test report of noise measurement of air-cooled heat exchangers. It is unnecessary and impossible for GB/T 27698 to cover all the technical details for the performance test of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements, so under the premise of satisfying the accuracy requirements, the technical contents not specially mentioned in this document shall not be banned. GB/T 27698 does not ban the use of advanced testing techniques and methods in performance test, but engineers and technicians should make reliable judgments on their scientificity and accuracy when adopting advanced technical methods. Test methods for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements - Part 2: Heat exchangers 1?Scope This document describes the performance test procedure, test data processing and test report requirements of the heat exchangers. This document is applicable to the performance test of tubular heat exchangers (including sleeve heat exchangers), plate heat exchangers (including welded plate heat exchangers, brazed plate heat exchangers) and spiral heat exchangers. 2?Normative references The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 151 Heat exchangers GB/T 27698.1 Test methods for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements - Part 1: General requirements NB/T 47004.1 Plate heat exchangers - Part 1: Plate-and-frame heat exchangers NB/T 47004.2 Plate heat exchangers - Part 2: Welded plate heat exchangers NB/T 47045 Brazed plate heat exchangers NB/T 47048 Spiral plate heat exchangers 3?Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 27698.1 and the following apply. standard condition operating condition used for characterizing the performance of a heat exchanger reference temperature reference temperature of working medium physical properties which is selected during calculation Note: The arithmetic average of inlet and outlet temperatures of working medium is usually selected. 4?Product model and sample parameters 4.1?Tubular heat exchangers 4.1.1?If testing a tubular heat exchanger, its product model and the following parameters shall be specified: a)?Shell pass structure and geometric dimension; b)?Form and geometric dimension of heat exchanger tubes; c)?Arrangement of heat exchanger tubes: d)?Spacing between tubes; e)?Form and arrangement of baffle elements; f)?Flow path; g)?Equivalent diameter of tube side and shell side; h)?Actual internal area of tube side and shell side; i)?Material of heat exchange tube; j)?Heat exchange area; k)?Design temperature; l)?Design pressure. The above structure and design data shall be determined according to the requirements of GB/T 151 and GB/T 27698.1. 4.1.2?If the product model or any of the parameters a) ~ g) in 1.1.1 changes, the performance test shall be conducted again. ? ?