如何使用可尋址資產(chǎn)與其他項(xiàng)目資產(chǎn)交互？

When you include a scene in your Project Build Settings and build a player, Unity includes that scene and any assets used in the scene in your game or application's built-in data. Similarly, Unity includes any assets found in your project's Resources folders in a separate, built-in collection of assets. (The difference is that assets in a scene are only loaded as part of a scene, whereas assets in Resources can be loaded independently.)

譯：當(dāng)您將場(chǎng)景包含在項(xiàng)目構(gòu)建設(shè)置中并構(gòu)建播放器時(shí)，Unity會(huì)將該場(chǎng)景和在場(chǎng)景中使用的任何資產(chǎn)包含在您的游戲或應(yīng)用程序的內(nèi)置數(shù)據(jù)中。同樣，Unity會(huì)將項(xiàng)目資源文件夾中發(fā)現(xiàn)的任何資產(chǎn)包含在一個(gè)單獨(dú)的內(nèi)置資產(chǎn)集合中。（不同之處在于場(chǎng)景中的資產(chǎn)僅作為場(chǎng)景的一部分加載，而資源中的資產(chǎn)可以獨(dú)立加載。）

Addressable assets can either be built into your game or application as an additional set of "local" assets, or kept external to the game build as "remote" assets hosted on a server and downloaded when they are needed. You can update remote assets independently from the application itself (although remote assets cannot include code, so you can only change assets and serialized data).

譯：可尋址資產(chǎn)可以作為一個(gè)額外的“本地”資產(chǎn)構(gòu)建到您的游戲或應(yīng)用程序中，或者作為外部資產(chǎn)保留到游戲構(gòu)建中，并在需要時(shí)進(jìn)行下載。您可以獨(dú)立更新遠(yuǎn)程資產(chǎn)而不是應(yīng)用程序本身（盡管遠(yuǎn)程資產(chǎn)不能包含代碼，因此您只能更改資產(chǎn)和序列化數(shù)據(jù)。）

However, if you use the same asset in more than one of these categories, then Unity makes copies of the asset when building rather than sharing a single instance. For example, if you used a Material in a built-in scene and also used it in a Prefab located in a Resources folder, you would end up with two copies of that Material in your build -- even if the Material asset itself is not located in Resources. If you then marked that same Material as Addressable, you would end up with three copies. (Files in the project StreamingAssets folder can never be referenced by assets outside that folder.)

譯：然而，如果您在多個(gè)類(lèi)別中使用相同的資產(chǎn)，則Unity在構(gòu)建時(shí)制作該資產(chǎn)的副本而不是共享單個(gè)實(shí)例。例如，如果您在內(nèi)置場(chǎng)景中使用材質(zhì)，并在資源文件夾中的Prefab中也使用它，則在構(gòu)建中會(huì)有兩個(gè)該材質(zhì)的副本，即使材質(zhì)資產(chǎn)本身不在資源中。如果您然后將該材質(zhì)標(biāo)記為可尋址，則會(huì)有三個(gè)副本。（項(xiàng)目StreamingAssets文件夾中的文件永遠(yuǎn)不能被位于該文件夾外的資產(chǎn)引用。）

NOTE

Before building a player, you must make a content build of your Addressable assets. During the player build, Unity copies your local Addressables to the StreamingAssets folder so that they are included in the build along with any assets you placed in StreamingAssets. (These assets are removed at the end of the build process.) It is your responsibility to upload the remote Addressables files produced by the content build to your hosting service. See?Builds?for more information.

譯：在構(gòu)建播放器之前，您必須制作可尋址資產(chǎn)的內(nèi)容構(gòu)建。在播放器構(gòu)建期間，Unity將本地可尋址資產(chǎn)復(fù)制到StreamingAssets文件夾中，以便與任何放置在StreamingAssets中的資產(chǎn)一起包含在構(gòu)建中。（這些資產(chǎn)在構(gòu)建過(guò)程結(jié)束時(shí)被刪除。）您需要自己將由內(nèi)容構(gòu)建生成的遠(yuǎn)程可尋址文件上傳到托管服務(wù)。有關(guān)更多信息，請(qǐng)查看構(gòu)建。

When you use Addressables in a project, Unity recommends that you move your scenes and any data in Resources folders into Addressable groups and manage them as Addressables.

譯：使用可尋址資產(chǎn)時(shí)，Unity建議將場(chǎng)景和任何在資源文件夾中的數(shù)據(jù)移動(dòng)到可尋址組中，并將它們管理為可尋址資產(chǎn)。

The Build Settings scene list must contain at least one scene. You can create a minimal scene that initializes your application or game.

譯：構(gòu)建設(shè)置場(chǎng)景列表必須包含至少一個(gè)場(chǎng)景。您可以創(chuàng)建一個(gè)最小的場(chǎng)景，初始化您的應(yīng)用程序或游戲。

A small amount of data in Resources folders typically doesn't cause performance issues. If you use 3rd party packages that place assets there, you don't need to move them unless they cause problems. (Addressable assets cannot be stored in Resources folders.)

譯：在資源文件夾中的少量數(shù)據(jù)通常不會(huì)引起性能問(wèn)題。如果您使用的第三方包將資產(chǎn)放在那里，除非它們引起問(wèn)題，否則您不需要將它們移動(dòng)。（可尋址資產(chǎn)不能存儲(chǔ)在資源文件夾中。）

Referencing Subobjects

Unity partially determines what to include in a content build based on how your assets and scripts reference each other. Subobject references make the process more complicated.

譯：Unity部分地根據(jù)您的資產(chǎn)和腳本引用彼此的方式來(lái)確定要包含在內(nèi)容構(gòu)建中的內(nèi)容。子對(duì)象引用使這個(gè)過(guò)程變得更加復(fù)雜。

If an?AssetReference?points to a subobject of an Asset that is Addressable, Unity builds the entire object into the?AssetBundle?at build time. If the?AssetReference?points to an Addressable object (such as a?GameObject,?ScriptableObject, or?Scene) which directly references a subobject, Unity only builds the subobject into the?AssetBundle?as an implicit dependency.

譯：如果AssetReference指向?qū)ぶ焚Y產(chǎn)的資產(chǎn)子對(duì)象，Unity會(huì)在構(gòu)建時(shí)將整個(gè)對(duì)象構(gòu)建到AssetBundle中。如果AssetReference指向直接引用子對(duì)象的尋址對(duì)象（如GameObject、ScriptableObject或Scene），Unity僅將子對(duì)象作為隱式依賴項(xiàng)構(gòu)建到AssetBundle中。

Asset and AssetBundle dependencies

When you add an asset to an Addressables group, that asset is packed into an AssetBundle when you make a?content build. In this case the asset is explicitly included in the bundle, or in other words it is an?explicit?asset.

譯：當(dāng)您將資產(chǎn)添加到Addressables組中時(shí)，當(dāng)您進(jìn)行內(nèi)容構(gòu)建時(shí)，該資產(chǎn)將打包到AssetBundle中。在這種情況下，資產(chǎn)明確包含在包中，或者換句話說(shuō)，它是一個(gè)明確的資產(chǎn)。

If an asset references other assets, then the referenced assets are dependencies of the original asset. This is known as an asset dependency. If the asset is packed into Assetbundle A and the referenced assets are packed into AssetBundle B, then bundle B is a dependency of bundle A. This is known as an AssetBundle dependency. See the?AssetBundle dependencies manual page?for more information.

譯：如果資產(chǎn)引用其他資產(chǎn)，則所引用的資產(chǎn)是原始資產(chǎn)的依賴項(xiàng)。這被稱為資產(chǎn)依賴項(xiàng)。如果資產(chǎn)被打包到AssetBundle A中，而所引用的資產(chǎn)被打包到AssetBundle B中，則Bundle B是Bundle A的依賴項(xiàng)。這被稱為AssetBundle依賴項(xiàng)。有關(guān)更多信息，請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)AssetBundle依賴項(xiàng)手冊(cè)頁(yè)面。

Asset dependencies are treated depending on whether or not they are also Addressable. Dependencies that are Addressable are packed into AssetBundles according to the settings of the group they are in -- this could be the same bundle as the referencing asset or a different bundle. A dependency that is not Addressable is included in the bundle of its referencing asset. The referenced asset is implicitly included in the bundle, or in other words it is an?implicit?asset.

譯：資產(chǎn)依賴項(xiàng)根據(jù)它們是否也是Addressable而進(jìn)行處理。Addressable的依賴項(xiàng)會(huì)根據(jù)它們所在組的設(shè)置打包到AssetBundle中 - 這可能是與引用資產(chǎn)相同的包或不同的包。不是Addressable的依賴關(guān)系將包含在其引用資產(chǎn)的包中。引用的資產(chǎn)隱式包含在包中，或者換句話說(shuō)，它是一個(gè)隱式資產(chǎn)。

TIP

Use the?Bundle Layout Preview?Analyze rule to view explicit and implicit assets that will be included in AssetBundles based on the contents of Addressables groups. This is useful when previewing assets before making an content build. Use the?Build Layout Report?tool to display more detailed information about AssetBundles produced by a content build.

譯：使用Bundle Layout Preview Analyze規(guī)則查看基于Addressables組內(nèi)容包含在AssetBundles中的明確和隱式資產(chǎn)。在進(jìn)行內(nèi)容構(gòu)建之前預(yù)覽資產(chǎn)時(shí)，這非常有用。使用Build Layout Report工具顯示有關(guān)內(nèi)容構(gòu)建生成的AssetBundles的更詳細(xì)信息。

If more than one Addressable references the same implicit asset, then copies of the implicit asset are included in each bundle containing a referencing Addressable.

譯：如果多個(gè)Addressable引用相同的隱式資產(chǎn)，則包含隱式資產(chǎn)的副本將包含在包含引用Addressable的每個(gè)包中。

Non-Addressable assets are copied to each bundle with a referencing Addressable

A subtle consequence that can occur when an implicit asset is included in more than one bundle, is that multiple instances of that asset can be instantiated at runtime rather than the single instance your game logic expects. If you change the instance state at runtime, only the object from the same bundle can see the change since all the other assets now have their own individual instance rather than sharing the common one.

譯：當(dāng)隱式資產(chǎn)包含在多個(gè)包中時(shí)可能發(fā)生的微妙后果是，可以在運(yùn)行時(shí)實(shí)例化該資產(chǎn)的多個(gè)實(shí)例，而不是您的游戲邏輯所期望的單個(gè)實(shí)例。如果您在運(yùn)行時(shí)更改實(shí)例狀態(tài)，則只有來(lái)自相同包的對(duì)象才能看到更改，因?yàn)樗衅渌Y產(chǎn)現(xiàn)在都有自己的獨(dú)立實(shí)例，而不是共享公共實(shí)例。

To eliminate this duplication, you can make the implicit asset an Addressable asset and include it in one of the existing bundles or add it to a different bundle. The bundle the asset is added to is loaded whenever you load one of the Addressables that reference it. If the Addressables are packed into a different AssetBundle than the referenced asset, then the bundle containing the referenced asset is an AssetBundle dependency.

譯：為消除此重復(fù)，您可以將隱式資產(chǎn)設(shè)置為Addressable資產(chǎn)，并將其包含在現(xiàn)有包中或?qū)⑵涮砑拥讲煌陌?。添加資產(chǎn)的包會(huì)在加載其中之一的Addressable時(shí)加載。如果Addressables被打包到與所引用資產(chǎn)不同的AssetBundle中，則包含所引用資產(chǎn)的包是AssetBundle依賴項(xiàng)。

Be aware that the dependent bundle must be loaded when you load ANY asset in the current bundle, not just the asset containing the reference. Although none of the assets in this other AssetBundle are loaded, loading a bundle has its own runtime cost. See?Memory implications of loading AssetBundle dependencies?for more information.

譯：請(qǐng)注意，當(dāng)您加載當(dāng)前包中的任何資產(chǎn)時(shí)，都必須加載依賴的包，而不僅僅是包含引用的資產(chǎn)。盡管不會(huì)加載此其他AssetBundle中的任何資產(chǎn)，但加載包具有自己的運(yùn)行時(shí)成本。有關(guān)更多信息，請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)加載AssetBundle依賴項(xiàng)的內(nèi)存影響。

TIP

Use the?Check Duplicate Bundle Dependencies?Analyze rule to identify and resolve unwanted asset duplication resulting from your project content organization.

譯：使用Check Duplicate Bundle Dependencies Analyze規(guī)則來(lái)識(shí)別和解決由項(xiàng)目?jī)?nèi)容組織導(dǎo)致的不必要資產(chǎn)重復(fù)。