外刊逐句精讀|《經(jīng)濟學人》:硅谷大廠為什么愛招學經(jīng)濟的?|CATTI一級譯員外刊

紅色:主句主干 ?藍色:從句主干? 黃色:從句連詞、關(guān)系代詞 ?灰色:插入語、例句 ?粉色:同位語? 綠色:長難句分析 ?紫色:詞根詞綴 ?():修飾成分,包括定語、狀語等? 下劃線:詞匯詞組? 高亮:連詞?
Mr Smith goes to Silicon Valley
經(jīng)濟學走向硅谷
Why economists are flocking to Silicon Valley
為什么經(jīng)濟學人才一窩蜂涌向硅谷
And why big tech wants them
以及為什么科技巨頭想要它們
- Adam Smith 亞當·斯密
The Wealth of Nations 《國富論》
- Silicon Valley 硅谷
Silicon Alley 硅巷
Silicon Harbour 硅港
Silicon Delta 硅三角洲
- flock v. 聚集,蜂擁
flock to /into... ...蜂擁到某地
flock n. 鳥群,羊群
herd n. 獸群
swarm n. 昆蟲群
- big tech n. 科技巨頭
= Big Tech
(For more than a decade) Facebook, now known as Meta, has awarded fellowships (to promising graduate students (working on cutting-edge research).
十多年來,F(xiàn)acebook(現(xiàn)稱為 Meta)一直向從事前沿研究的有前途的研究生授予獎學金。
主句部分sb. award sth. to sb.,現(xiàn)在分詞做后置定語修飾graduate students。
- fellowship n. 獎學金
- graduate student n. 研究生
= postgraduate
- cutting-edge a. 前沿的
= leading-edge
The prize, which (this year) comes with up to two years’ worth of university tuition and a $42,000 stipend, has gone to computer scientists, engineers, physicists and statisticians. Now it has gone to an economist.
今年的獎學金包括最多兩年的大學學費和42000美元的助學金,在這之前一直授予計算機科學家、工程師、物理學家和統(tǒng)計學家?,F(xiàn)在它被授予了一位經(jīng)濟學家。
- tuition n. 學費
= tuition fees
- stipend n. 生活津貼
- computer science n. 計算機科學
- statistician n. 統(tǒng)計學家
statistics n. 統(tǒng)計學
“I was not expecting it,” says Jaume Vives i Bastida, the lucky recipient (working on a PhD (at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (MIT).
“我沒想到會獲獎,”在麻省理工學院(MIT)攻讀博士學位的幸運獲獎?wù)逬aume Vives i Bastida說道。
主句倒裝,Jaume Vives i Bastida是主語,謂語動詞says,直接引語做賓語。逗號后的部分是主語的同位語,黑色部分是同位語的修飾成分。
- recipient n. 接受者,得主
- work on sth. 從事,致力于
He has spent the last two years working on a book about childcare.
過去兩年他一直致力于撰寫一本育兒書。
段落大意:
以小見大:
常年發(fā)給理工科學生的Meta獎學金今年卻被經(jīng)濟學學生摘得,預(yù)示風向改變。
Silicon Valley is increasingly turning to economics (for insights (into how to solve business problems)—from pricing and product development to strategy.
硅谷越來越多地把目光轉(zhuǎn)向經(jīng)濟學,以尋求解決商業(yè)問題的見解——從定價和產(chǎn)品開發(fā)到戰(zhàn)略。
- turn to sth. 改用某方式
- pricing n. 定價
price vt. 給....定價
Job-placement data (from ten leading graduate programmes (in economics) shows that tech firms hired one in seven newly minted PhDs (in 2022), up from less than one in 20 (in 2018).
來自10個領(lǐng)先的經(jīng)濟學研究生專業(yè)的就業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)顯示,科技公司在2022年招聘了14%的應(yīng)屆經(jīng)濟學博士,高于2018年的不到5%。
- placemen n. 安置、就業(yè)安排
job placement 就業(yè)安排
job-placement service 就業(yè)安排服務(wù)
- programme n. 課程
taught programme 授課型課程
research programme 研究型課程
- mint vt. 鑄幣
freshly minted interpreter 新鮮出爐的翻譯
- PhD n. 博士學位
= Doctor of Philosophy
doctoral programme n. 博士項目

Amazon is the keenest recruiter. The e-emporium now has some 400 full-time economists (on staff), several times as many as a typical research university.
亞馬遜是最熱情的招聘者。該電子商城現(xiàn)在擁有約400名全職經(jīng)濟學人才,是典型研究型大學的數(shù)倍。
- keen a. 有熱情的
- recruit v. 招募
- emporium n. 大商店
- be on (the) staff 在員工中
Uber is another big employer—last year the ride-hailing firm hired a fifth of Harvard University’s graduating PhD class.
優(yōu)步是另一個大雇主——去年,這家網(wǎng)約車公司雇傭了哈佛大學中五分之一的應(yīng)屆博士生。
- ride-hailing n. 打車
ride-hailing firm 網(wǎng)約車公司
=ride-sharing firm
- class n. 同屆畢業(yè)生
the class of '22 2022屆畢業(yè)生
段落大意:
論點:硅谷愈發(fā)中意經(jīng)濟學人才;
論據(jù):大量數(shù)據(jù)佐證。
(For the dismal scientists) pay is a factor, says John List, a professor (at the University of Chicago) who has worked at Uber and Lyft.
曾在Uber和Lyft工作過的芝加哥大學教授約翰·利斯特說,科學家的薪水慘淡是一個因素。
- dismal science n. 沉悶科學
- pay n. 工資、薪水
paycheck n. 工資支票
payday n. 發(fā)薪日
But tech companies also offer many of the benefits (of a university career) (without the “publish or perish” culture).
而科技公司也提供了與大學職業(yè)生涯相同的諸多好處,卻沒有“發(fā)表或死亡”的文化。
- perish v. 死亡
- publish or perish 發(fā)表或死亡:美國高校的一種風氣,即“不發(fā)表論文就無法在學校升職”
make or break
kill or cure
do or die
In the past, heading to the private sector often meant forgoing research completely. Now, explains Mr Vives, “Research can still be a big component of your job.”
過去,前往私營部門通常意味著完全放棄研究。 現(xiàn)在,Vives先生說道,“研究仍然可以成為你工作的重要組成部分?!?/p>
- private sector 私營部門
- public sector 公營部門
- forgo vt. 放棄,拋棄
Access (to the companies’ ample data) is another selling point, says Steve Tadelis (of the University of California, Berkeley), who spent two years at eBay, an online marketplace.
加州大學伯克利分校的史蒂夫·塔德利斯表示,公司的大量數(shù)據(jù)的訪問權(quán)是另一個賣點,他曾在電商公司eBay工作了兩年。
- ample a. 足夠的,充裕的
- selling point n. 賣點
USP= unique selling point 獨家賣點
- the University of California, Berkeley 加州大學伯克利分校
段落大意:
經(jīng)濟學作業(yè)人才被吸引的關(guān)鍵:
- 薪水;
- 依然可以從事研究;
- 能使用大量數(shù)據(jù)。
For big tech, meanwhile, economists offer skills that computer scientists and engineers often lack.
與此同時,對于大型科技公司,經(jīng)濟學家提供了計算機科學家和工程師通常缺乏的技能。
They tend to have a good grasp of statistics, as well as a knack (for understanding how incentives affect human behaviour).
他們往往對統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)有很好的掌握,以及了解激勵措施如何影響人類行為的訣竅。
- a good grasp of sth. 對某事掌握得很好、很有了解
= a good command of sth. (通常描述對語言掌握得很好)
- knack n. 技能,能力
Some people seem to have a natural knack for making money.
有些人好像天生就會賺錢。
- incentives n. 動力,激勵
Most important, economists are adept at designing experiments (to identify causal relationships (between variables).
最重要的是,經(jīng)濟學人才擅長設(shè)計實驗找出變量之間的因果關(guān)系。
- adept a. 熟練的,內(nèi)行的
be adept at doing sth. 擅長某事
- identify vt. 找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)
- causal a. 因果的
- variable n. 變量、可變因素
Machine-learning engineers usually think (in terms of prediction problems), notes one Ivy League grad who recently started a job (in tech).
一位最近開始從事科技工作的常春藤盟校畢業(yè)生指出,機器學習工程師通常從預(yù)測問題的角度思考問題。
- Machine learning n. 機器學習
- Ivy League 常春藤聯(lián)盟
- grad n. [非正式]畢業(yè)生
postgrad n. [非正式]研究生
Economists can nail down the causal parameters, he says.
他說,經(jīng)濟學家可以確定因果參數(shù)。
- nail down v. 對....做出定論
All the parties seem anxious to nail down a ceasefire.
各方面似乎都渴望將?;鹬虑枚ā?/span>
- parameter n. 參數(shù)
perimeter n. 周長;邊緣
段落大意:
科技公司招經(jīng)濟學專業(yè)人才的原因:
- 對統(tǒng)計學理解更深;
- 理解激勵對人類行為的影響;
- 善于設(shè)計實驗,發(fā)現(xiàn)變量之間的偶然關(guān)系。
An e-commerce firm may want to estimate the effect (of next-day shipping) (on sales).
電子商務(wù)公司可能想要估計次日達的物流對銷售的影響。
- e-commerce n. 電子商務(wù)
- next-day shipping n. 次日達
= next-day delivery
same-day shipping n. 當日達
A ride hailing firm may wish to know which sets of incentives lure drivers back to the city centre after they are hailed by customers (attending a big concert or sporting event).
網(wǎng)約車公司可能想知道,在接送完參加大型音樂會或體育賽事的客戶后,哪些激勵措施能夠引誘司機回到市中心。
know后面的部分是賓語從句,其中嵌套了一個after引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句,黑色部分做后置定語修飾customers。
- set n. 一套、一組
- lure n. 引誘、誘惑
lure sb. into /to....
- sporting a. 體育運動的
sporting event/activity 體育賽事/體育活動
(In two periods (between 2015 and 2017) Mr List and colleagues (at Lyft, Arizona State University and Boston University) manipulated the prices and wait times (for Lyft rides (across 13 American cities) (to estimate the value of time).
在2015年至2017年的兩個時間段,List先生和在Lyft、亞利桑那州立大學和波士頓大學的同事操縱了 Lyft在美國13個城市的乘車價格和等待時間,以估算時間價值。
- Arizona State University 亞利桑那州立大學
- Boston University 波士頓大學
- manipulate vt. 操縱
- wait n. 等待時間
- ride n. (乘車的)短途旅行
The study, which found that Lyft users value their time (at about $19 per hour), yielded a paper.
研究發(fā)現(xiàn),Lyft用戶給他們的時間定價為每小時19美元,這項研究產(chǎn)出了一篇論文。
which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾the study,其中嵌套了一個that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作found的賓語。
- value vt. 給....定價
- yield vt. 產(chǎn)生(收益、效益)
Subjecting them to sceutiny and analysis will yield fruitful results.
對它們仔細審查和分析將帶來卓有成效的結(jié)果。
It also led to a new feature (on the Lyft app) (called “Wait & Save”), which lets riders opt for a longer wait time (in exchange for a lower fare).
這項研究也促成了Lyft應(yīng)用程序的一項名為“等待并省錢”的新功能,讓乘客可以選擇等待更長時間來換取更低的票價。
which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句修飾feature。
- feature n. 特色,特點;功能
Apple's 2022 "Pro" iPhones feature a notchless display with Dynamic Island.
蘋果2022年發(fā)布的Pro系列的iPhone屏幕沒有劉海,還配有靈動島。
- opt v. 選擇(做某事)
opt for sth.
opt to do sth.
- fare n. (飛機、汽車等)票價
段落大意:
實例論證經(jīng)濟學人才解決了科技公司的哪些痛點。
For all its recent recruitment success, Silicon Valley may have a harder time (attracting the finest economists).
盡管最近在招聘方面卓有成效,但硅谷可能更難吸引最頂尖的經(jīng)濟學家。
- for all 盡管
= despite/in spite of
- recruitment n. 招聘、招募
- fine a. 高質(zhì)量的,高水準的
the finest work 最杰出的作品
In contrast to fields (like artificial intelligence), “our best minds still stay in the academy,” observes Mr List.
與人工智能等領(lǐng)域相比,“我們專業(yè)最有才智的人依然在學院里,” List 先生說道。
倒裝句,主語是Mr List,謂語動詞observes,直接引語做賓語。
- artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能
- mind n. 有才智的人
Great minds think alike.
英雄所見略同。
- observe vt. [正式] 評論,說話
Maybe not for long. “I would like to be a professor, I would like to do research (for a living),” says Mr Vives. “I can also do that (at a tech company).”
這種情況也許不會持續(xù)太久。 “我想成為一名教授,我想通過做研究謀生,” Vives 先生說。 “我在科技公司也可以做到這些。”
段落大意:
展望未來:
盡管目前經(jīng)濟學頂尖人才仍在學校,但科技公司吸引力不小,最終仍可能會挖走他們。

看到這里的姐妹給自己點個贊吧,不用給筆記投幣~~