【龍騰網(wǎng)】哪個(gè)帝國(guó)更強(qiáng)大:羅馬帝國(guó)、西班牙帝國(guó)、大英帝國(guó)還是蒙古帝國(guó)?為什么?
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評(píng)論翻譯
Bob Siddiqui
Strongest is debatable but by f a the British screwed up the world the most out of all the empires. They stole trillions from India. Messed up the Middle East. Probably the only thing was through them America was established. Now America is on path for messing up world as well.
最強(qiáng)大是有爭(zhēng)議的,但英國(guó)在所有帝國(guó)中把世界搞得最糟。他們從印度偷了數(shù)萬(wàn)億美元。搞砸了中東。也許唯一的事情是通過(guò)他們美國(guó)建立了。現(xiàn)在美國(guó)也在搞亂世界。
Zaid Dinally
I put the case that the Spanish Empire was the most powerful in consideration to challenges to the era and the precedent that was set.
The Spanish state emerged from unx of the Crowns of Castile and Aragon. In the Reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula two important nations emerged, both Spain and Portugal.
Spain joined the Austrian royalty called the Hapsburgs and the Crown held massive lands in the Holy Roman Empire. Furthermore the Spanish colonised what became the Spanish Netherlands (modern day Belgium and Netherlands). Austrian Hapsburgs held Belgium. Spain also already had Southern Italy or Kingdom of Two Sicily's.
考慮到對(duì)這個(gè)時(shí)代的挑戰(zhàn)和開(kāi)創(chuàng)的先例,我認(rèn)為西班牙帝國(guó)是最強(qiáng)大的。
西班牙國(guó)家是由卡斯蒂利亞和阿拉貢的王室聯(lián)合而成的。在對(duì)伊比利亞半島的重新征服中,出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)重要的國(guó)家,西班牙和葡萄牙。
西班牙加入了被稱(chēng)為哈布斯堡王朝的奧地利皇室,皇室在神圣羅馬帝國(guó)擁有大片土地。此外,西班牙人殖民了后來(lái)的西班牙荷蘭(現(xiàn)代的比利時(shí)和荷蘭)。奧地利哈布斯堡王朝控制了比利時(shí)。西班牙也已經(jīng)擁有意大利南部或西西里王國(guó)。
Spain became the world’s first transoceanic empire with a foothold in every continent (excluding Antarctica). During the Iberian unx the Portuguese and Spanish possessions were incredibly extensive.
In consideration the Spanish period really indicates the first time such an empire almost gained global hegemony even though there were formidable contemporary powers. Spanish power also lasted within middle of 18th century as they became dependant on French alliance. Yet the Hapsburgs dominated European continent in a way only France would do under Napoleon for a much shorter time. Only the powerful Ottomans had been an alternate power in Europe aside from Hapsburg Crowns.
西班牙成為世界上第一個(gè)在所有大陸(不包括南極洲)都有立足點(diǎn)的跨洋帝國(guó)。在伊比利亞聯(lián)盟時(shí)期,葡萄牙和西班牙擁有極其廣泛的領(lǐng)土。
考慮到這一點(diǎn),西班牙時(shí)期確實(shí)標(biāo)志著這樣一個(gè)帝國(guó)第一次幾乎獲得了全球霸權(quán),盡管當(dāng)時(shí)有強(qiáng)大的當(dāng)代大國(guó)。西班牙的勢(shì)力也持續(xù)到18世紀(jì)中葉,因?yàn)樗麄冮_(kāi)始依賴(lài)法國(guó)的聯(lián)盟。然而,哈布斯堡王朝統(tǒng)治歐洲大陸的時(shí)間要短得多,只有法國(guó)才能做到這一點(diǎn)。除了哈布斯堡王朝,只有強(qiáng)大的奧斯曼帝國(guó)才是歐洲的替代力量。
WHAT ABOUT THE OTHERS?
Before the rise of Anglo - French Empires we must fill in the gaps with the important Dutch Commercial and Naval Empire. In terms of Technology and Finance the Dutch jumped leaps and bounds. From here the emerging nations would benefit a lot such as England. That would take a long time bearing in mind the Dutch were responsible for challenging the Portuguese and Spanish naval dominance from middle of 1600’s. That is a daunting challenge of the time.
Spanish and Portuguese contended with the Ottomans who were both keeping a balance in Europe. China was very powerful but did not fledge its power beyond East Asia.
In the 19th century the British State gradually wrested the colonies of the French and Dutch. They were considered a ruling power, yet Tsarist Russia was also a colossus that could never be brought under western domination. Russian troops were marching in Paris during the close of Napoleonic War. Russia aided the Austrians in Hungary and almost gobbled up northern China. Only the Afghans and Persians stopped them going south.
其他帝國(guó)呢?
在英法帝國(guó)崛起之前,我們必須填補(bǔ)重要的荷蘭商業(yè)和海軍帝國(guó)的空白。在技術(shù)和金融方面,荷蘭人突飛猛進(jìn)。新興國(guó)家將從中受益匪淺,比如英國(guó)??紤]到荷蘭人從16世紀(jì)中期開(kāi)始就要挑戰(zhàn)葡萄牙和西班牙的海軍統(tǒng)治地位,這需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。這是一個(gè)艱巨的時(shí)代挑戰(zhàn)。
西班牙人和葡萄牙人與奧斯曼人爭(zhēng)奪,奧斯曼人都在歐洲保持平衡。中國(guó)非常強(qiáng)大,但并沒(méi)有將其力量擴(kuò)展到東亞以外。
19世紀(jì),英國(guó)政府逐漸奪取了法國(guó)和荷蘭的殖民地。他們被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)統(tǒng)治大國(guó),但沙俄也是一個(gè)永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法被西方統(tǒng)治的巨人。拿破侖戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束時(shí),俄羅斯軍隊(duì)正在巴黎行軍。俄羅斯援助了匈牙利的奧地利人,幾乎吞并了中國(guó)北部。只有阿富汗人和波斯人阻止他們南下。
Contemporary nations such as Germany even before unification were not a geographically impressive yet arguable led in the technological and scientific revolution of 19th century. German ingenuity showed its impact especially in Chemistry and Physics. Hence even the smaller European nations were on a par with the greatest nations. United States was already the largest industrial nation and arguably largest economy supplanting China by 1870.
There is a lot to explore here, although on balance the Spanish Empire, arguably the more immediate descendant of Roman Empire was the most impactful and strongest in history. The Dutch who won their bitter 80 years of Independence War against Spanish occupiers began the challenge against Habsburg invincibility in Europe and overseas.
像德國(guó)這樣的當(dāng)代國(guó)家,即使在統(tǒng)一之前,在19世紀(jì)的技術(shù)和科學(xué)革命中也不是一個(gè)地理上令人印象深刻但有爭(zhēng)議的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。德國(guó)人的獨(dú)創(chuàng)性尤其在化學(xué)和物理方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。因此,即使是較小的歐洲國(guó)家也與最偉大的國(guó)家不相上下。到1870年,美國(guó)已經(jīng)取代中國(guó)成為最大的工業(yè)國(guó)家和可以說(shuō)是最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體。
這里有很多值得探索的地方,盡管總的來(lái)說(shuō),西班牙帝國(guó),可以說(shuō)是羅馬帝國(guó)的直系后裔,是歷史上最具影響力和最強(qiáng)大的。荷蘭人在80年的獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中戰(zhàn)勝了西班牙占領(lǐng)者,開(kāi)始挑戰(zhàn)哈布斯堡在歐洲和海外的不可戰(zhàn)勝性。
Henrey Bradley
The British Empire, there has never been a force as powerful on a global scale, and there probably never will be again.
大英帝國(guó),在全球范圍內(nèi)從未有過(guò)如此強(qiáng)大的力量,而且可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)有。
The British invaded Russia and won, they collapsed the monstrously powerful China, holding Hong Kong for a century.
Hell, they took on the Spanish Empire at its highest point, seizing Gibraltar, smashing every Spanish army sent to reclaim the Rock and sinking every Armada sent to invade Britain.
That''s right, that little bunch of islands went on a global rampage between the 17th and mid 20th century.
The British beat everyone worth beating, they invaded the US and burnt down the Whitehouse. Heck, the British have invaded France so many times, that we''ve literally lost count.
英國(guó)入侵俄羅斯并取得勝利,他們摧毀了強(qiáng)大無(wú)比的中國(guó),將香港控制了一個(gè)世紀(jì)。
見(jiàn)鬼,他們?cè)谖靼嘌赖蹏?guó)的巔峰時(shí)期挑戰(zhàn)了它,占領(lǐng)了直布羅陀,粉碎了每一支被派去收復(fù)巖石的西班牙軍隊(duì),擊沉了每一艘被派去入侵英國(guó)的無(wú)敵艦隊(duì)。沒(méi)錯(cuò),這一小撮島嶼在17世紀(jì)至20世紀(jì)中期在全球范圍內(nèi)肆虐。英國(guó)人打敗了所有值得打敗的人,他們?nèi)肭置绹?guó)并燒毀了白宮。見(jiàn)鬼,英國(guó)人入侵法國(guó)的次數(shù)太多了,我們簡(jiǎn)直記不清了。
原創(chuàng)翻譯:龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.ltaaa.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處
The Indian Subcontinent was an economic and military world juggernaut, then the British invaded and took the entire thing. Eventually united it into a mega empire, the likes of which had never been seen before in Southern Asia.
The Germans, French, Spanish, Italians, Chinese, Russians, Americans, Indians, Turkish, Pakistanis, and everyone else worth the effort was defeated. Some of them multiple times.
The British were kicking arse as far back as 13th century, sending small professional armies of Welsh, Scottish and English warriors to invade the mightiest kingdom in Western medi Europe; France.
Another key difference would be the fate of the Roman Empire, Spanish Empire, and the Mongolian Empire, all were eventually defeated and collapsed.
印度次大陸是一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)和軍事大國(guó),然后英國(guó)入侵并占領(lǐng)了整個(gè)世界。最終將其合并為一個(gè)龐大的帝國(guó),這種帝國(guó)在南亞從未見(jiàn)過(guò)。
德國(guó)人、法國(guó)人、西班牙人、意大利人、中國(guó)人、俄羅斯人、美國(guó)人、印度人、土耳其人、巴基斯坦人以及所有值得付出努力的人都被擊敗了。其中一些是多次。
早在13世紀(jì),英國(guó)人就開(kāi)始蠢蠢欲動(dòng),派遣由威爾士、蘇格蘭和英國(guó)士兵組成的小型職業(yè)軍隊(duì)入侵中世紀(jì)西歐最強(qiáng)大的王國(guó);法國(guó)
另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的區(qū)別是羅馬帝國(guó)、西班牙帝國(guó)和蒙古帝國(guó)的命運(yùn),它們最終都被擊敗和崩潰了。
原創(chuàng)翻譯:龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.ltaaa.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處
While the British Empire managed to win every major war it fought, and in doing so, got to evolve into the Commonwealth. Today the former members help to lift one another up, cultivating prosperity, democracy and peace on a global scale.
The former members of the only hyperpower in history, meet up annually to discuss global issues and beat each other at sports in their own version of the Olympics.
雖然大英帝國(guó)成功地贏得了每一場(chǎng)重大戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),并在這樣做的過(guò)程中演變成了英聯(lián)邦。今天,前成員國(guó)相互幫助,在全球范圍內(nèi)培養(yǎng)繁榮、民主與和平。
歷史上唯一的超級(jí)大國(guó)的前成員每年都會(huì)開(kāi)會(huì)討論全球問(wèn)題,并在自己版本的奧運(yùn)會(huì)上在體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中擊敗對(duì)方。