先來看看什么是邏輯推理題。

1. 一個(gè)程序中現(xiàn)有A、B、C、D、E、F六個(gè)語句，但目前這個(gè)程序是不協(xié)調(diào)的，必須刪除某些語句才能恢復(fù)程序的協(xié)調(diào)性。已知：

①如果保留語句A，那么必須保留語句B和語句C。

②如果保留語句E，則必須同時(shí)刪除語句D和語句C。

③如果保留語句E，才能保留語句F。

④語句A是重要的信息，不能刪除。

以上各項(xiàng)如果為真，則以下哪一項(xiàng)一定為真：

A. 保留語句E并且刪除語句C。

B. 同時(shí)保留語句C和語句D。

C. 保留語句E并且刪除語句D。

D. 同時(shí)刪除語句E和語句F。

2. 如果一個(gè)人增加每日進(jìn)餐次數(shù)，但不增加進(jìn)食總量，則他的膽固醇水平會(huì)明顯下降。然而，大多數(shù)人在增加進(jìn)餐次數(shù)的同時(shí)也攝入了更多的食物。

如果以上陳述為真，將最有力的支持下面哪一個(gè)選項(xiàng)：

A. 在大多數(shù)人看來，他每天的進(jìn)食量不會(huì)明顯影響他體內(nèi)的膽固醇水平。

B. 對(duì)大多數(shù)人來說，增加每天的進(jìn)食次數(shù)，不會(huì)使膽固醇水平明顯降低。

C. 對(duì)大多數(shù)人來說，每天的進(jìn)食量不會(huì)受每天的進(jìn)食次數(shù)的影響。

D. 對(duì)大多數(shù)人來說，進(jìn)食量受到進(jìn)食時(shí)間的很大影響。

3. 派出所民警訊問公共汽車上的一樁盜竊案的嫌疑人甲、乙、丙、丁的筆錄如下：

甲說，反正不是我干的。

乙說，是丁干的。

丙說，是乙干的。

丁說，乙是誣陷。

他們當(dāng)中只有三人說真話，小偷只有一個(gè)是（?? ）

4. 某報(bào)紙報(bào)道，一旅游者不慎落入一平均深度只有0.6m的小河中，溺水身亡。報(bào)紙?zhí)嵝讶藗兟糜螘r(shí)應(yīng)注意安全，尤其注意地形環(huán)境的安全。

以下哪項(xiàng)最能合理的解釋報(bào)道中的表面性矛盾？

A. 純屬無稽之談。

B. 該旅游者不足0.6m高。

C. 該旅游者落水點(diǎn)是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)深于小河平均深度的地方。

D. 該旅游者神志不清，如精神分裂等。

5. 在某次網(wǎng)球聯(lián)賽中，如果甲和乙都沒有出線，則丙一定出線。

上述前提中再增加以下哪項(xiàng)，可推出甲出線的結(jié)論。

A. 丙出線但乙沒有出線。

B. 丙和乙都出線了。

C. 丙和乙都沒有出線。

D. 丙沒出線但乙出線了。

如果P且Q，那么R
非R推出聯(lián)言命題為假，那么推出非P或者非Q（相容選言），一真即真，不能全假

以上答案分別為：DB乙CC

但不重要。。

下面的才重要：

Inference?3
Years ago, consumers in Frieland began paying an energy tax in the form of two Frieland pennies for each unit of energy consumed that came from nonrenewable sources. Following the introduction of this energy tax, there was a steady reduction in the total yearly consumption of energy from nonrenewable sources.

?

1. If the statements in the passage are true, then which of the following must on the basis of them be true?

A. There was a steady decline in the yearly revenues generated by the energy tax in Frieland.

B. There was a steady decline in the?total amount?of energy consumed each year in Frieland.

C. There was a steady increase in the use of?renewable?energy source in Frieland.

D. The revenues generated by the energy tax were used to promote the use of energy from?renewable?sources.

E. The use of?renewable?energy sources in Frieland greatly increased relative to the use of nonrenewable energy sources.

Inference 1

A ten-year comparison between the United States and the Soviet Union in terms of crop yields per acre revealed that when only planted acreage is compared, Soviet yields were equal to 68 percent of United States yields. When total agricultural acreage (planted acreage plus fallow acreage) is compared, however, Soviet yield was 114 percent of United States yield.

?

2. From the information above, which of the following can be most reliably inferred about United States and Soviet agriculture during the ten-year period?

A. A higher percentage of total agricultural acreage was fallow in the United States than in the Soviet Union.

B. The United States had more fallow acreage than planted acreage.

C. Fewer total acres of available agricultural land were fallow in the Soviet Union than in the United States.

D. The Soviet Union had more planted acreage than fallow acreage.

E. The Soviet Union produced a greater volume of crops than the United States produced.

Inference 2?ASSUMPTION
New methods developed in genetic research have led taxonomists to revise their views on the evolutionary relationships between many species. Traditionally the relatedness of species has been ascertained by a close comparison of their anatomy. The new methods infer the closeness of any two species’ relationship to each other directly from similarities between the species’ genetic codes.

3. Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the information?

A. The apparent degree of relatedness of some species, as determined by anatomical criteria, is not borne out by their degree of genetic similarity.

B. When they know the differences between two species’ genetic codes, taxonomists can infer what the observable anatomical differences between those species must be.

C. The degree to which individuals of the same species are anatomically similar is determined more by their genetic codes than by such?environmental factors?as food supply.

D. The traditional anatomical methods by which taxonomists investigated the relatedness of species are incapable of?any further?refinement.

E. Without the use of genetic methods, taxonomists would?never?be able to obtain any accurate information about species’ degrees of relatedness to one another.

Inference 4

Normally, seeds of Emmenathe penduliflora stay dormant for years and germinate only when a fire burns through their habitat. Nitrogen dioxide in the smoke induces the seeds to germinate. Fires clear the bush, allowing germinating seeds to receive the sunlight they need to grow. The plants mature quickly, produce seeds, and then die. In areas with heavy automobile traffic, however, the seed germinates in the absence of fire, with automobile exhaust supplying the required nitrogen dioxide.

?

4. The information given, if accurate, most strongly supports which of the following hypotheses?

A. Fires in the habitat of E. penduliflora do not entirely destroy the plant's seeds even in the places where the fires burn most intensely.

B. The nitrogen dioxide in automobile exhaust cannot harm plants of E. penduliflora after germination.

C. If human intervention decreases the number of fires in the habitat of E. penduliflora, automobile exhaust can replicate the conditions the plant requires in order to thrive.

D. Within the habitat of E. penduliflora, natural fires are significantly more frequent in areas with heavy automobile traffic than they are in other areas.

E. Unless E. penduliflora seeds that have germinated can survive in the shade, automobile exhaust threatens the long-term survival of the plant in areas with heavy automobile traffic.

以上答案為：AAAE