【聽力原文和試題】

Conversation 1

A.I have a really bad headache. What do you recommend?

B. You can purchase some over-the-counter pain relievers in aisle 6.?

A:Do I need a prescription for those?

B:No. You just pick whichever brand you prefer and pay for it at the register.

A: Is there a difference between the name-brand pills and store- brand pills?

B: Usually there isn’t. Just compare the labels and look for the active ingredients.

A: The store- brand is less expensive.

B: Usually it is just as effective.

A: I sure hope so because I want to save money and not have an headache.

1.Where would the woman find the pain reliever?

2.What do we know about the store-brand pills?

3.What are the two speakers mainly talking about?

Conversation 2

A: In the last few years, professor Laurie Santos from Yale University has been teaching students about the pursuit of happiness-the most popular course Yale has ever had. Welcome, professor Santos.

B: Morning. Thank you for having me.?

A: I heard you’ve developed the high school version of this course. So why did you expand the curriculum to high schoolers?

B: Well, I started the class by seeing mental health issues in college students. And I quickly realized that many students came to college with those issues. The health statistics for young people are really devastating.

A: Really?

B: Yeah. So I want to give the high school students the tool to improve their well-being and flourish a bit more.

4.What is the main topic of this conversation?

5.What do we know about the health statistics for young people?

6.How would Professor Santos’ course help high school students?

Conversation 3

A: As a pediatrician, what do you tell parents when they come in and beg you “Please give me antibiotics for my child? She’s sick.”

B: I am a parent, too. So I understand you want to do something. But antibiotics won’t work for viral infections, but only for bacterial ones.

A: So what can we do in the case of viral infections?

B: Unfortunately, we are sort of limited in what we can do. Good old-fashioned chicken soup, fluids and a humidifier in the room ,elevating the head at bed at night so that they can breathe and sleep. Those are the things that are really effective.

7.What do we know about the woman?

8.What does the woman say about the treatment for viral infections?

9.What are the speakers mainly talking about？

Conversation 4

A:Now a study finds hospitals that trained their operating room members in teamwork had a lower rate of surgical deaths than other hospitals.

B:That’s a quite important finding. No doctor wants to make a mistake. That’s why doctors are required to be trained in teamwork and communication and the training seeks to empower each team member.

A:Right. The study suggests one of the key elements for training was flattening the hierarchy in the operating room so that everybody, the nurse, the surgeon and the anesthesiologist could bring up any concerns they had about the patients.?

B:And the more training, the better communications among team members, and the greater the chances that the patients would survive.

10.What is the key element of training mentioned by the speakers?

11.What is mentioned by the speakers as the favourable outcome of the training?

12.What are two speakers mainly talking about?

Conversation 5

A:Did you know that trees can communicate with each other?

B:Interesting! But how?

A:A professor of forest ecology at University of British Columbia observed how logging companies would cut down diverse forests and replace them with the single tree species. They believe that by removing competition, the favored trees would thrive as they would receive more space, water, and sun light.

B:Is that so?

A:However, the favoured trees were actually more prone to diseases. 10% of them would die if the surrounding trees were removed. Trees communicate through underground network of fungi. The fungi help connect trees of different species across the forests.

B:That is amazing.

13.Why would logging companies remove some trees?

14.What can be inferred about the result of tree removal?

15.What is the subject of the conversation?

【完形填空原文】

This year the world awakened to the fact that the most powerful and

sophisticated species on earth is tragically vulnerable to the tiniest and

most basie of creatures. Infectious disease speciesism have been warning

about this for decades. And the threat comes not only from noverv.

such as the one causing COVID-19, that jump from animals to humans but

also from microbial monsters that we have helped to create through our

cavalier use of antibiotics: treatment-resistant bacteria such as MRSA

(methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and multidrug-resistant

Acinetobacter baumannii. sometimes dubbed "Iraqibacter"because so

many soldiers returning from Iraq were infected with it. The World

Health Organization has predicted that deaths from resistant "superbugs"

will rise from roughly 700,000 a year today to nearly 1o million by 2050.

But in a splendid irony, it may turn out that viruses, so often seen as

nemeses. could be our saviors in fighting a host of killer infections. As the

threat form drug-resistant bacteria has grown and the developmey.

new antibiotics has stalled, researchers have turned their attention to

bacteriophages-literally, bacteria eaters. Viruses in this class are believed

to be the oldest and most numerous organisms on earth. And like guided

missiles, each type has evolved to seek and destroy a specific type of

bacteria. Phage therapy has long been used in eastern Europe to batt

infections, but after modern antibiotics arrived in the 194os, it was largely

ignored. Interest began to pick up in this century "because the resistance

issue was getting worse and worse, “says Vincent Fischetti,who heads the

laboratory of bacterial pathogenesis and immunology at the Rockefeller

University. With modern techniques, virologists can precisely match just

the right phages to a specific strain of superbug-with sometimes

astonishing results.

Tom Patterson, for example, was resurrected from an overwhelming.

【翻譯題】

主題：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代下對醫(yī)生個人隱私的保護(hù)

【原文】

互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的廣泛應(yīng)用正以前所未有的力度和速度改變著人類的工作、生活甚至是思維方式。我們在歡呼信息技術(shù)帶來便利的同時，也深刻體會到潛在危機(jī)的存在。近年來，醫(yī)生個人隱私泄露事件的頻繁發(fā)生給醫(yī)生帶來了困擾，甚至影響了醫(yī)生個人的正常生活。因此，研究互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+ 背景下的隱私問題日益重要。

? 在 “互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+ ” 的時代背景下，大數(shù)據(jù)的海量挖掘、分析、再利用加速了醫(yī)生個人隱私的“公開化”，在客觀上侵犯了醫(yī)生個人隱私權(quán)益。因此，要加快醫(yī)生隱私保護(hù)相關(guān)法律法規(guī)的立法工作；完善醫(yī)生隱私保護(hù)的監(jiān)管體系，健全社會規(guī)范，管理部門、企業(yè)履行各自社會責(zé)任；加強(qiáng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)建設(shè) ，做好防范措施；增強(qiáng)數(shù)據(jù)控制者和醫(yī)生的隱私保護(hù)意識。保障醫(yī)生個人隱私權(quán)益真正得以實(shí)現(xiàn)，還需要各方攜手，共同努力。

【參考譯文】?

The widespread use of the Internet is changing people's work， life， and even thinking with unprecedented strength and speed. While we acclaim the convenience brought by information technology， we also deeply realize the potential crisis. The frequent doctors ‘privacy leakage has troubled doctors and even affected their daily lives in recent years. In the era of the Internet Plus， the mining， analysis， and reuse of big data have accelerated the“openness”of doctors ‘privacy， which objectively violates doctors’ right to privacy. Thus， we should speed up the legislation of laws and regulations on doctors ‘privacy. We should improve the supervision system for doctors' s'privacy protection and social norms. Administrative departments and enterprises should fulfill their social responsibilities. We should strengthen the construction of Internet technology to take preventive measures. Data monitors and doctors also should raise awareness of privacy protection. In a word， we should make joint efforts to guarantee doctors ‘right to privacy. ..

【難點(diǎn)分析】?

1. .“ “以前所未有的力度和速度”處理成介詞短語作狀語， 置于句末， 以with引導(dǎo)， 表伴隨。?

2. “醫(yī)生個人隱私泄露事件的頻繁發(fā)生”調(diào)整修飾關(guān)系，以“頻繁發(fā)生”為定語， “醫(yī)生個人隱 私泄露”為名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)。因?yàn)橛⒄Z表達(dá)習(xí)慣精簡，則“事件”、“個人”與“發(fā)生”都省譯。?

3. “互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”表達(dá)為“the Internet Plus”； “隱私權(quán)”表達(dá)為“right to privacy”。?

4. “因此，要加快醫(yī)生隱私保護(hù)相關(guān)法律法規(guī)的立法工作……增強(qiáng)數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)控者和醫(yī)生的隱私保護(hù) 意識。 ”屬于較長的并列結(jié)構(gòu)，而且主語不一致，因此，譯文采用分譯法，將它們處理成獨(dú)立的 句子，并增加各自的主語，以完整語義。

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