·單詞

equal v.????等于，派生：相匹敵者

????·He equaled the world record.????他平了世界紀錄，與世界記錄相等

????·Nobody equals him in strength.????在力量上沒有人能與他匹敵

????????·同意替換：Nobody matches him in strength.

????·In English she has no equal in her class.????在英語這方面，她在班里是無敵的。

????????·no = not any，equal????在這里做名詞用

? ? ·常見習語

????????·be/stand head and shoulders above sb.????be much better than others（在某些方面明顯比其它人要強一些，鶴立雞群）

????????????·In computer programming, Susan is head and shoulders above the rest of?us.????在計算機編程方面，蘇珊比我們其他人強得多

????·Women demand equal pay for equal work.????婦女要求同工同酬，這里的 equal 做形容詞

????·A is equal to B????這里的 equal 做形容詞

????·equality?n.????均等，平等；等式

????????·racial equality????種族平等

????????·sexual equality????男女平等

????????·We wish to inform you that we specialize in garments for more than twenty years, and shall be pleased to establish business relations with you on the basis of equality and mutual benefits.????我們專門經(jīng)營服裝已有二十多年的歷史，很樂意在平等互利的基礎(chǔ)上與貴公司建立業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系

vicar n.????牧師

raise v.????募集，籌（款），籌措；提升，舉起；飼養(yǎng)；撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育

????·We're raising a fund for orphans.????我們正在為孤兒籌款

????·raise one's hand????舉手

????·raise one's voice????提高音量

????·raise one's hat to sb.????向某人打招呼

????·raise one's glass to sb.????向某人敬酒

????·raise the roof? ? 大怒，大吵大鬧

????·raise pigs????養(yǎng)豬

????·He has a big family to raise.????他要撫養(yǎng)一大家子人

????·- You look happy today.????- Yes. I got a raise.????此時 raise做 n.????加薪，漲工資

????????·We pay two thousand Yuan monthly to start. It's our policy to hire on a trial basis. lf you work out all right after three months you will be put on the permanent payroll and be given a raise.????我們起薪每月2000元。我們的政策是試用聘用。三個月后，如果你表現(xiàn)良好，你將被正式聘用并加薪

????·相近詞

????????·rise vi.????升起來，不及物，主語本身上升

????????????·The Sun Also Rises.????太陽照常升起

????????·arise?vi.????上升；產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)；起床，起立

????????????·不規(guī)則：arise????arose????arisen

????????????·Problems arose.????問題出現(xiàn)了

????????·arose vi.????出現(xiàn)；引發(fā)

????????????·arouse one's pity/anger ...????激起了某人的 同情/憤怒

torchlight n.????電筒光

·課文講解

????Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired. The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since.

????One night, however, our vicar woke up with a start: the clock was striking the hours! Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one?o’clock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped. Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on. In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins,?our local grocer.

????'Whatever are you doing up here Bill?'?asked the vicar in surprise.

????'I'm trying to repair the bell,'?answered Bill. I've been coming up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a surprise.'

????'You certainly did give me a surprise!' said the vicar. 'You've probably woken up everyone in the village as well. Still, I'm glad the bell is working again.'

????'That's the trouble, vicar,' answered Bill. 'It's working all right, but I'm afraid that at one o'clock it will strike thirteen times and there's nothing I can do about it.'

????'We'll get used to that, Bill,' said the vicar. 'Thirteen is not as good as one, but it's better than nothing Now let's go downstairs and have a cup of tea.'

Our vicar is always?raising?money for one?cause?or another, but he?has never?managed?to get enough money to have the?church?clock?repaired.

????·be always doing sth.????總是做某事（厭煩的語氣）

????????·He is always being late.????他總是遲到

????????·People are always talking about the problems of youth.????人們總是在談?wù)撃贻p人的問題

????·類似的，略正式的固定搭配

????????·be forever doing sth.? ? 總是做某事（厭煩的語氣），與 always 相比更正式

????????????·He is forever talking about the friendly people, the clean atmosphere, the closeness to nature and gentle pace of living.????他永遠在談?wù)撚押玫娜嗣?，干凈的空氣，親近自然和溫和的生活節(jié)奏

????????·be constantly/continually doing sth.????總是做某事（厭煩的語氣）

????????????·The boys are constantly/ continually arguing.????男孩們一直在爭論

????????????·-Your behavior reflects on me, and l can't do my job if you're constantly humiliating me.????你的行為讓我丟臉，如果你一直羞辱我，我就沒法工作了

????????????????·reflects on sb. = have a negative effect on sb.????對某人有負面的不良影響

????????????·- Constantly? Aside from today, give me one example.????不斷?除了今天，給我舉一個例子

????????????????·aside from????除了 ... 之外

????????·keep (on) doing sth.????不停的做某事（厭煩的語氣）

????????????·From the moment he arrived there, he kept on pestering his doctor to tell him when he would be able to go home.????從他到那里的那一刻起，他就不停地纏著醫(yī)生告訴他什么時候能回家

????????????·In the process, he enjoyed himself thoroughly and kept telling everybody how much he hated hospitals.????在這個過程中，他玩得很開心，不停地告訴每個人他是多么討厭醫(yī)院

????????????????·enjoyed one's = have a good time????過的開心

????????·do sth. all the time????老是做某事（厭煩的語氣）

????????????·- W: I thought the doctor said you should stay off your foot until the swelling goes down.????我記得醫(yī)生說過你應(yīng)該在腳腫消退之前不要動腳

????????????????·stay off one's foot????臥床

????????????·- M: She did. It just makes me uncomfortable to ask my friends to wait on me all the time.????她確實說了。讓我的朋友一直服侍我讓我很不舒服

????????????????·wait on????伺候，服務(wù)?= scive

????·練習

????????·Sam, mess up the kitchen (always)

????????????·Sam is always messing up the kitchen.????薩姆總是把廚房弄得一團糟

????????·Bruce, leave his dirty dishes on the table (forever)

????????????·Bruce is forever leaving his dirty dishes on the table.????布魯斯總是把臟盤子留在桌子上

????? ? ·Peter, try to show me he's smarter than me (constantly)

????????????·Peter is constantly trying to show me he's smarter than me.????彼得總是想讓我知道他比我聰明

????????·Mary, borrow my clothes without asking?me (continually)?

????????????·Mary is continually borrowing my clothes without asking me.????瑪麗老是不問我就借我的衣服穿

????????·Why, you, make the same mistakes (keep on doing)

????????????·Why do you keep on making the same mistakes?????你為什么老是犯同樣的錯誤?

????????·Jane, forget to give me my phone messages (do sth. all the time)

????????????·Jane forgets to give me my phone messages all the time.????簡總是忘記給我留言

????·cause n.????正義事業(yè) (生活中普通的小事不能用) ；原因，起因，理由????文中指理由????

????????·One would expect them to know their parts by heart and never have cause to falter.????人們期望他們能把臺詞背得爛熟于心，永遠不會有理由結(jié)結(jié)巴巴

????·one ... or another????各種各樣的 ...

????????·He is always asking me for money for one cause or another.????他總是有各種各樣的理由向我要錢

????????·Beginners will err at one time or another.????初學者有時會犯錯誤

????????·Everyone can contribute to society in one way or another.????每個人都可以以這樣或那樣的方式為社會做出貢獻

????????·與?one ...?or?another?類似的表達 one ... after another????一個又一個的

????????????·one dau after another????日復(fù)一日的

????????????·encounter one difficulty after another????遭遇了一個又一個的困難

????·manage to do: 設(shè)法完成了某事

????????·As no pumas had been reported missing?from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.????由于國內(nèi)沒有任何動物園報告丟失美洲獅，這只美洲獅一定是某位私人收藏家的，不知怎么設(shè)法逃了出來

????????·反義詞????fail to do: 沒能完成某事

????????????·When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written.????當記者再次沒有回復(fù)時，編輯不情愿地將文章原封不動地發(fā)表了

????·have sth. done????讓某事被完成:?請某人做某事；某種不幸的經(jīng)歷或遭遇

????????·I'm going to have my hair cut this weekend.????這個周末我要去理發(fā)

????????·... people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.????人們寧愿付大筆的錢也不愿畢生的心血被歹徒毀掉

????????·King Charles 1 had his head ccut off.????查理一世被斬首

????????·The house had its window broken in the explosion.????房子的窗戶在爆炸中被打破了

????????????·本句話運用了無靈主語，下面進行舉例

????????????????·When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.????當倫敦動物園接到報告說在倫敦以南45英里處發(fā)現(xiàn)一只野生美洲獅時，這些報告并沒有受到重視

????????????????·The sea bed was scoured with powerful nets and there was tremendous excitement on board when a chest was raised from the bottom.????人們用強大的網(wǎng)把海床搜了一遍，當一只箱子從海底被打撈上來時，船上的人都非常興奮

????????????????·He lost his confidence.????他喪失了信心

????????????????????·Confidence deserted him.????信心拋棄了他

? ? ????????????·I couldn't sleep that night.????那天晚上我無法入眠

????????????????????·That night sleep eluded me.????那晚的睡眠總是躲著我

????????????????·We only travelled half the distance at sunset.????在黃昏的時候我們走了一半的路程

????????????????????·Sunset met us halfway.????黃昏在半路與我們

????????????????·The past few years witnessed the great influx of foreigners to China, for travelling, studies or business.????過去幾年見證了大量外國人涌入中國旅游、學習或經(jīng)商

????·本句模仿練習：我的小女兒總是抱怨(complain of)各種各樣的病，但她從未成功地得到允許(get permission) 呆在家里。

????????·My little daughter is always comlaining of?one illness?or another, but she has never managed to get permission to be?at?home.

The big clock which?used to?strike?the hours?day and night was?damaged?many years ago and has been?silent?ever since.

????·used to do????過去曾經(jīng)/過去常常

????????·I used to get up early????我過去常常早起，暗示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不早起了

????????·常見搭配： be/become/get used to n./doing????強調(diào)狀態(tài)的變化

????????????·I'm used to getting up early.????我習慣于早起

????????????·'We'll get used to that, Bill,' said the vicar.????"我們會習慣的，比爾，" 牧師說

????????????·Life is not fair, get used to it.????-Bill Gates????生活是不公平的，要去適應(yīng)它????—— 比爾蓋茨

????????·相似的：be accustomed to (doing) sth????習慣于做某事

????????????·For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have been very hard indeed.????對于那些習慣于在家里一頓飯吃七道菜、睡亞麻床單的人來說，改變到阿爾卑斯山的環(huán)境一定很不容易

????·strike?the hours????鐘打點報時

????????·It would strike twelve in twenty minutes.????再過12分鐘，鐘就會打響12下（想表達鐘打幾下就直接在 strike 后面加次數(shù)）

????·day and night????日夜不停的

????·ever since adv./prep./conj.????從那以后一直 ...????（與完成時連用）

????????·There are countless people who, ever since?their early years, have learned to associate snails with food.????prep.?從很小的時候起，無數(shù)的人就學會了把蝸牛和食物聯(lián)系在一起

????????·You know how she feels about you. it's been the same way ever since we were kids.????conj.?你知道她對你的感覺。從我們小時候起就一直是這樣

? ? ·本句模仿練習：過去日夜辛苦工作的老王兩年前下崗(be laid off) 了，從那以后就變得懶了。

????????·Lao Wang?who?used to work hard?day and night?was?laid off?two?years ago and has been?lazy?ever since.

One night, however, our vicar?woke up?with a?start: the clock was striking the?hours!

????·wake (up): vi & vt.????醒了；喚醒 ...，加 up 表示起來了，不加表示可能就是從睡眠中醒了

????????·The doorbell rang loud enough to wake the dead.????門鈴響得很響，足以把死人吵醒

????????·睡覺相關(guān)的表達

????????????·go/get to sleep????睡著了? ? ????fall asleep????進入睡眠，入睡，睡著了

????????????·toss and turn????睡不著，輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)，難以入眠

????????????????·I was tossing and turning all night.????我整晚輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)睡不著

????????????·insomnia?n.????失眠（癥）

????????????????·He suffered from insomnia.????他患有失眠癥

????????????????????·suffer?后面常跟倒霉的事，甚至說能夠感同身受

????????????·sit up? ? 熬夜????????stay up????熬夜

????????????????·He sat up all night, preparing for the exam.????他一整夜沒睡，準備考試

????????????·night owl????夜貓子

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ·He is a night owl.????他是一個夜貓子

????·start n.????激靈（由于恐懼或驚訝身體突然的一動）

????·wake (up) with a start????驚醒

????????·She woke from the dream with a start.????她從夢中驚醒

????????·with + 名詞 作狀語修飾謂語動詞

????????????·The officer went through the case with great care.????警官非常仔細地檢查了箱子

????????????????·go througth????檢查

? ? ????????????·great care = vary carefully????非常仔細

????????????·He had spotted a tiny bottle at the bottom of my case and he pounced on it with delight.????他在我的箱子底部發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個小瓶子，他高興地撲了上去

????????????·Then l added with a smile.????然后我微笑著補充說

????????????·His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease.????他的物質(zhì)財產(chǎn)很少，這使他可以輕松地從一個地方移動到另一個地方

????????????·She faced the difficulty calmly.????->????She faced the difficulty with calmness.????她平靜地面對困難

????????????·I looked at her curiously.????->????I looked at her with curiosity.????我好奇地看著她

????????????·She spoke to me tenderly.????->????She spoke to me with tenderness.????她溫柔地跟我講話

????????????·I greeted Philip enthusiastically.????->????I greeted Philip with enthusiasm.????我熱情地向 Philip 問候

Looking at his watch, he?saw?that it was one?o’clock, but the?bell?struck?thirteen?times before it stopped.

????·Looking at his watch????非謂語動詞 doing，可以看作時間狀語，一般情況下其隱含地主語應(yīng)該與主句主語保持一致，也就是本句當中后面地 he

????????·Looking at his watch, it was one o'clock.????錯誤的

????·before 的譯法

????????·強調(diào)主句的時間很長時，譯為 “才”

????????????·It will be a long time before we meet again.????要過很久時間我們才能再見面

????????·強調(diào)主句的時間很短時，譯為 “就”

????????????·I hadn't waited long before he came.????我還沒等太久他就來了

Armed?with a?torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on.

????·torch?n.????<英>手電筒；火把

????·armed with a torch????非謂語動詞 done，可以看作方式狀語，被武裝

????·arm sb. with sth.????用 ... 把 ... 武裝起來，因為 sb. 做 arm 的賓語，所以上面那句話要用done

????????·相似的：sb. carry sth.????某人攜帶著某物

????????????·Carrying a torch, the vicar?went up into the clock tower ...????因為這時候 sb. 做主語了，是做的發(fā)出者，所以要用 doing

????·going on v.????發(fā)生（多用于進行時表示正在發(fā)生的事）

????????·What's going on here?? ? 什么事正在發(fā)生？

????????·與 “發(fā)生” 類似的單詞，一般意為：未經(jīng)籌劃的，沒有計劃的事情發(fā)生了

????????????·happen????????occur 比較文言

????????????·come up????????come about

????????????·take place????強調(diào)計劃中的事情發(fā)生了

????????????????·The funeral will take place on Monday.????葬禮將于周一舉行

????????????·strike????多表示不幸的事情突然間發(fā)生了，如災(zāi)難，災(zāi)禍，事故突然發(fā)生了

????????????????·Most people were fast asleep when the earthquake struck.????地震來襲時，大多數(shù)人都睡著了

????????????·ensue????隨之發(fā)生了

????????????????·I objected to his advice and a heated argument ensued.????我反對他的建議，并且一場激烈的爭論隨之而來

????????????·coincidence (with ...)????兩件事碰巧同時發(fā)生

????????????????·When I came, he was just about to leave.????我來的時候，他正要離開

????????????????·My arrival coincided with his departure.????我到達時他正好離開

In the?torchlight, he caught?sight?of a?figure?whom he?immediately?recognized?as Bill Wilkins,?our local?grocer.

????·caught?sight?of ... = catch a glimpse of ... = glimpse ...????無意中一眼看見

????·figure n.????數(shù)字；身材，體型；（遠處的）人影；（重要的）人物

????????·A farm worker, who stayed up all night, claimed to have seen a figure cutting corn in the moonlight.????一個農(nóng)場徹夜未眠的工人，聲稱曾經(jīng)看到一個人影在月光下割玉米

????????·One of the most colorful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza who was born in 1764.????丹尼爾·門多薩(Daniel Mendoza)是拳擊史上最豐富多彩的人物之一，他出生于1764年

????·recognize ...?as ...????認出 ... 是 ...

????????·I recognized her as one of my classmates.????我認出她是我的同班同學

????·grocer?n.????食品雜貨商? ? ????grocery n.????食品雜貨店，生活中所買的雜貨

'Whatever are you doing up here Bill?'?asked the vicar in surprise.

????·“疑問詞+ever”有兩個含義

????????1.表示“無論...”

????????????·Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.????無論它走到哪里，都會留下一串死鹿和死兔子之類的小動物

? ? ????2.表示 “到底 ...”，加強疑問句的語氣????whenever, wherever, whoever,?whichever ...

????????????·Wherever did you go yesterday?????你昨天去哪兒了?

????????????·When ever am I going to see you?again?????我什么時候才能再見到你?，兩詞可以分開寫

????????·其它表示 “無論” 的單詞

????????????·on earth????究竟，到底，也是加強疑問句的語氣

????????????????·What on earth has happened to trouble you so?????到底發(fā)生了什么事使你如此煩惱

????????????·in the world????到底

????????????????·What in the world are you doing here at seven in the morning?????你早上七點在這里干什么

????????????·in God's/heaven's name????以 上帝/天堂 的名義，到底 (口語用)

????????????????·What in God's name was that huge bang?????那到底是什么聲音？

????????????????·Where in heaven's name have you been?????你到底在哪里？

????????????·the hell????他媽的 (口語中，比較粗俗)

????????????????·What the hell was that noise?????那他媽什么聲音？

????????????????·How the hell are we going to do that?????我們他媽的怎么做那件事？

????·asked the vicar in surprise????直接引語，說話的內(nèi)容在前面，后面說某人說某人問可以用全部倒轉(zhuǎn)語序，如果主語是代詞 （ask he 錯誤，不行），必須主語是名詞，且 ask、said、answer 必須是單獨的，不能有助動詞

'I'm?trying to repair the bell,'?answered Bill.?I've been coming up here?night after night for weeks now. You see, I was?hoping?to give you a surprise.'

????·have been doing????現(xiàn)在完成進行時，表示持續(xù)性的動作一直到現(xiàn)在，而且還有可能繼續(xù)下去

????·night after night????夜復(fù)一夜的 = night by night = every night = one night after another

????????·day after day = day by day = every day = one day after another????日復(fù)一日的

????????·Oceans apart, day after day, and l slowly go insane.????隔海相望，日復(fù)一日，我慢慢地變得瘋狂

????·for weeks????好幾周了

????????·類似的

????? ? ????·for hours????好幾小時了

????? ? ????·for months????好幾個月了

????? ? ????·for years????好幾年了

????? ? ????·for centuries????好幾百年了

????·was/were?hoping ...????表達一種試探性的，委婉的語氣

????????·I was hoping you could marry me.?????我希望 ... 你能嫁給我

'You?certainly?did give me a surprise!'?said the vicar.?'You've?probably?woken up everyone in the village?as well.?Still,?I'm?glad?the?bell?is working again.'

????·強調(diào)肯定式 (emphatic positive)

????????·在肯定句和祈使句中，在謂語動詞前加上助動詞 do 以加強語氣。只用于一般現(xiàn)在時 (do, does) 和一般過去時 (did) 中

????????·I do need a car.????我確實需要一輛車

????????·He does speak English well.????他英語說的確實好

????????·So you did come after all.????這么說你到底還是來了

? ? ? ? ·Come in.????進來????????Do come in.????快進來！

????????·Shut up!????閉嘴????????Do shut up!????快閉嘴！

????·as well????... 也 ...

????·as well as ...????除了 ... 之外，... 也 ...

????????·You've probably woken up everyone in the village as well as me.????除了我之外，你可能也把村子里的每個人都吵醒了，而原文中 “我” 就站在聽話人的對面，所以就把 me 省略了，省略后當然緊跟的 as 也不能留了

????·Still????盡管如此，還是 ...

????????·與之類似的有

????????????·nevertheless

????? ? ? ? ·nonetheless

????? ? ? ? ·all the same

????? ? ? ? ·just the same

????????·The girl is not beautiful. Still, I like her very much.????這個女孩不漂亮。盡管如此，我還是很喜歡她

????????·Nevertheless/nonetheless/all the same/just the same, I like her very much.????盡管如此，我還是很喜歡她

????·I'm?glad (that) the?bell?is working again.????特殊的從句：形容詞補足語

????????·..., but l'm afraid (that) at one o'clock it will strike thirteen times and there is nothing i can do about it.????特殊的從句：形容詞補足語

'That's?the trouble,?vicar,'?answered Bill.?'It's working all right,?but I'm?afraid that at one o'clock?it?will strike thirteen?times and there's nothing I can do about it.'

????·there is nothing I can do about it????對此我無能為力

????????·The telephone is out of order, and there is nothing I can do about it.????電話壞了，我對此無能為力

????????????·?is out of order????故障，失靈

????????·I know you are not satisfied, but there is nothing I can do about it.????我知道你不滿意，但我也無能為力

????????·We apologize for this, but there is nothing we can do about it.????對此我們深表歉意，但我們也無能為力

'We'll get used to that,?Bill,'?said the vicar. 'Thirteen is not as good as one,?but?it's better than nothing Now let's go downstairs and have a cup of tea.'

????·get used to????變得習慣，適應(yīng)

????·as good as one????像 1 那么好

????????·as good as: almost adv.????幾乎 ...；和 ... 差不多

????????????·The injured man is as good as dead.????那個受傷的人和死人差不多了

????????????·Everything is as good as settled.????每件事幾乎都解決了

????????????·As far as I could see, it needed onlya minor adjustment: a turn of a screw here, a little tightening up there, a drop of oil and it would be as good as new.????在我看來，它只需要稍微調(diào)整一下:這里擰一下螺絲，那里擰緊一點，再加一滴油，它就和新的一樣了。

????·be not one's?cup of tea????不是某人的茶：不是某人喜歡的東西，不是某人的菜

????????·Swimming is not my cup of tea.????我不喜歡游泳

????????·Mountain hiking is not my cup of tea.????我不喜歡爬山

????????·與茶有關(guān)的

????????????·make tea????沏茶

????????????·make water????撒尿