關(guān)于Aqours成員們的性格分析:MBTI(2)

MBTI 16人格
MBTI(Myers–Briggs Type Indicator),即邁爾斯布里格斯類型指標(biāo)(MBTI)表中人的性格,是美國心理學(xué)家伊莎貝爾·布里格斯·邁爾斯和她的母親凱瑟琳·庫克·布里格斯制定的。
內(nèi)傾型-I/外傾型-E、感覺型-S/直覺型-N、思考型-T/情感型-F、判斷型-J/感知型-P。
在MBTI 四維度的基礎(chǔ)上,一共劃分出了16種類型。


一、SP的四種類型
1. ESFP型(Performer)?(外傾E+感覺S+情感F+感知P)

Outgoing, friendly, and accepting. Exuberant lovers of life, people, and material comforts. Enjoy working with others to make things happen. Bring common sense and a realistic approach to their work, and make work fun. Flexible and spontaneous, adapt readily to new people and environments. Learn best by trying a new skill with other people.
ESFP型的人性格開朗外向,待人友好,容易被人接納,是超級生活派,享樂主義者。非常樂于和他人一起合作完成工作,注重常識性,使用簡單快捷的方法完成工作,經(jīng)常會自己給自己找各種樂子,富有娛樂性。作風(fēng)靈活多變,易于適應(yīng)新的人和環(huán)境,?喜歡通過與他人一起經(jīng)歷來成長學(xué)習(xí)。
英文稱呼為:Performer,即表演者人格,強調(diào)她們在人群中的表現(xiàn)欲,很有當(dāng)藝人的潛力。
生活小貼士:ESFP型是16人格中最好相處的類型。

2. ISFP型 (Composer)(內(nèi)傾I+感覺S+情感F+感知P)

Quiet, friendly, sensitive, and kind. Enjoy the present moment, what's going on around them. Like to have their own space and to work within their own time frame. Loyal and committed to their values and to people who are important to them. Dislike disagreements and conflicts, do not force their opinions or values on others.
ISFP型的人性格喜靜、待人友好,不過也十分敏感于自己的感受變化,同時享受著當(dāng)下發(fā)生的一切,是生活派!她們喜歡擁有自己的空間和規(guī)劃,注重隱私。同時,在社交上她們待人忠誠厚道,非常重視自己的價值觀和欣賞、喜歡之人,內(nèi)心情感非常豐富。她們討厭分歧和沖突,也不喜歡將個人觀點強加于別人。
英文稱呼為:Composer,即創(chuàng)作者,強調(diào)她們的藝術(shù)感,是偶像藝人常見的性格類型。
生活小貼士:ISFP型是16人格中第二好相處的類型。

3. ESTP(Promoter)(外傾E+感覺S+思考T+感知P)

Flexible and tolerant, they take a pragmatic approach focused on immediate results. Theories and conceptual explanations bore them - they want to act energetically to solve the problem. Focus on the here-and-now, spontaneous, enjoy each moment that they can be active with others. Enjoy material comforts and style. Learn best through doing.
ESTP型的人處事靈活而寬容,他們以務(wù)實的態(tài)度著眼于直接快捷的成果和目標(biāo)。 不喜歡理論和繁瑣解釋而是更想采取積極的行動來解決問題,活在當(dāng)下,隨時應(yīng)變,享受與他人互動的每一刻,崇尚物質(zhì)享樂,越去行動越能夠從中學(xué)到東西,是典型的行動派。
英文稱呼為:Promoter,即推動者,也被稱為挑戰(zhàn)者,強調(diào)他們喜歡通過實際行動去解決問題、克服困難。

4. ISTP(Crafter)(內(nèi)傾I+感覺S+思考T+感知P)

Tolerant and flexible, quiet observers until a problem appears, then act quickly to find workable solutions. analyze what makes things work and readily get through large amounts of data to isolate the core of practical problems. Interested in cause and effect, organize facts using logical principles, value efficiency.
ISTP型的人是寬容、靈活又安靜的觀察者,面對問題善于迅速采取行動以找到可行的解決方案,是解決現(xiàn)實問題的專家。擅長收集數(shù)據(jù),分析整理問題,善于邏輯思考,重視效率。
(當(dāng)然,真姬的高自尊和傲嬌是人設(shè),屬于人的自我意識的內(nèi)容,MBTI理論不涉及自尊相關(guān)的理論)
英文稱呼為:Crafter,即工匠者,形容她們的手和腦子都很巧。
生活小貼士:ISTP型在處理人際關(guān)系時可能會不經(jīng)意表達(dá)出一種「只有她自己的思維和方法才是最好的」的蜜汁優(yōu)越感。

二、NF的四種類型
1. ENFJ(Teacher)(外傾E+直覺N+情感F+判斷J)

Warm, empathetic, responsive, and responsible. Highly attuned to the emotions, needs, and motivations of others. Find potential in everyone, want to help others fulfill their potential. May act as catalysts for individual and group growth. Loyal, responsive to praise and criticism. Sociable, facilitate others in a group, and provide inspiring leadership.
ENFJ型的人熱情包容,善解人意,反應(yīng)迅速還很有責(zé)任心??梢宰龅脚c他人的情感、內(nèi)心需求的高度協(xié)調(diào),善于鼓勵他人發(fā)掘潛力。?能夠成為個人和團(tuán)體成長的催化劑。?性格忠誠,不論稱贊和批評都會給予回應(yīng),?交際能力強,在團(tuán)隊中善于鼓舞人心,可作為精神領(lǐng)袖。
英文稱呼為:Teacher,即教育者,強調(diào)她們鼓舞和發(fā)掘他人潛力的能力。

2. ENFP(Champion)(外傾E+直覺N+情感F+感知P)

Warmly enthusiastic and imaginative. See life as full of possibilities. Make connections between events and information very quickly, and confidently proceed based on the patterns they see. Want a lot of affirmation from others, and readily give appreciation and support. Spontaneous and flexible, often rely on their ability to improvise and their verbal fluency.
ENFP型的人熱情而富有想象力,認(rèn)為自己的生活充滿了可能性。能夠快速建立事件和信息之間的聯(lián)系,并根據(jù)他們的所感所想(理想)前進(jìn)邁進(jìn)。她們善于與人交往,希望得到別人的很多肯定,并隨時給予贊賞和支持。具有自發(fā)性和靈活性,經(jīng)常展現(xiàn)出即興創(chuàng)作能力和言語之力。她們是熱情浪漫的理想支持者。
英文稱呼:Champion,即擁護(hù)者,強調(diào)她們熱情的理想支持形象。
生活小貼士:理想的偶像形象一般就是ENFP型,是μ's和Aqours女主角的人格原型。

3. INFJ型(Counselor)(內(nèi)傾I+直覺N+情感F+判斷J)

Seek meaning and connection in ideas, relationships, and material possessions. Want to understand what motivates people and are insightful about others. Conscientious and committed to their firm values. Develop a clear vision about how best to serve the common good. Organized and decisive in implementing their vision.
INFJ型的人喜歡獨處,喜好去追尋事物背后的含義,看東西比較比較宏觀,且思想非常獨立,重視自我的價值觀念,為之奮斗時意志堅定執(zhí)著。她們對人文非常感興趣,重感情,情感洞察能力也很強,是內(nèi)心火熱的理想主義者。?對如何最好地服務(wù)于大家利益有著清晰的愿景,?能夠組織并果斷地貫徹他們的理想。
英文稱呼:Counselor,即咨詢者。強調(diào)她們在與別人的溝通交流中,能夠挖掘內(nèi)心,為別人指點迷津,意在實現(xiàn)他人和自己的愿景。

4. INFP型(Healer)(內(nèi)傾I+直覺N+情感F+感知P)

Idealistic, loyal to their values and to people who are important to them. Want an external life that is congruent with their values. Curious, quick to see possibilities, can be catalysts for implementing ideas. Seek to understand people and to help them fulfill their potential. Adaptable, flexible, and accepting unless a value is threatened.
INFP型是典型的理想主義者,她們忠于自我的價值觀和對她們來說重要的人,想要過上與自己的價值觀相稱的生活。對待問題充滿好奇心,很快就會發(fā)現(xiàn)各種可能性并想要將之變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實,想要去理解人并支持她們發(fā)揮潛能。與人交往會表現(xiàn)出一定的適應(yīng)性、靈活性,但如果理念不合,就不再愿意與人共事。
英文稱呼:Healer,即(心靈)治愈者,強調(diào)她們在與別人的溝通交流中所展示的合作性和共情能力。

三、SJ的四種類型
1. ESTJ(Supervisor)(外傾E+感覺S+思考T+判斷J)

Practical, realistic, matter-of-fact. Decisive, quickly move to implement decisions. Organize projects and people to get things done, focus on getting results in the most efficient way possible. Take care of routine details. Have a clear set of logical standards, systematically follow them and want others to also. Forceful in implementing their plans.
ESTJ是一類注重實用性,觀念現(xiàn)實,注重事實的人,她們面對問題常常能夠很快地行動起來去解決它,擅長組織管理他人,對成敗結(jié)果看得很重,討厭低效率,關(guān)心日常,自己有一套清晰的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)去遵從,也會要求別人如此,對計劃一定要按照要求執(zhí)行。
英文稱呼:Supervisor,即管理者,強調(diào)她們偏好協(xié)調(diào)和管理。

2. ISTJ(Inspector)(內(nèi)傾I+感覺S+思考T+判斷J)

Quiet, serious, earn success by thoroughness and dependability. Practical, matter-of-fact, realistic, and responsible. Decide logically what should be done and work toward it steadily, regardless of distractions. Take pleasure in making everything orderly and organized - their work, their home, their life. Value traditions and loyalty.
ISTJ型的人性格平靜又認(rèn)真,常以通過徹底性和獨立性獲得成功。對待工作求真務(wù)實,認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé),做決定時講究邏輯,注重平穩(wěn)有序向前,對待工作非常專注難以分心。?工作、生活都希望變得井井有條,重視傳統(tǒng)和忠義。
英文稱呼:Inspector,即檢查者,強調(diào)她們對實際工作的嚴(yán)格、專注和細(xì)致。

3.? ESFJ(Provider)(外傾E+感覺S+情感F+判斷J)

Warmhearted, conscientious, and cooperative. Want harmony in their environment, work with determination to establish it. Like to work with others to complete tasks accurately and on time. Loyal, follow through even in small matters. Notice what others need in their day-by-day lives and try to provide it. Want to be appreciated for who they are and for what they contribute.
ESFJ型的人待人熱心,勤奮認(rèn)真,善于合作。喜歡融洽的環(huán)境,也會下定決心去構(gòu)建這樣的生活環(huán)境。喜歡與他人合作并準(zhǔn)確、及時地完成任務(wù)。?忠于準(zhǔn)則,即使在小事也不會違背。?時刻會關(guān)注生活中他人的需要并去滿足對方,希望因他們樂于助人的形象而受到大家的感謝與贊艷。
英文稱呼:Provider,即供給者,強調(diào)她們在生活上樂于助人的性格。
生活小貼士:ESFJ型的人雖為情感(F)-判斷型(J),但卻有喜歡包容合作的特點。

4.? ISFJ(Protector)(內(nèi)傾I+感覺S+情感F+判斷J)

Quiet, friendly, responsible, and conscientious. Committed and steady in meeting their obligations. Thorough, painstaking, and accurate. Loyal, considerate, notice and remember specifics about people who are important to them, concerned with how others feel. Strive to create an orderly and harmonious environment at work and at home.
ISFJ類型的人性格安靜、友好,待人待事認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé),忠誠堅定地履行自己的義務(wù)。做事為長遠(yuǎn)考慮,能吃苦耐勞,也很有針對性。遵守規(guī)矩,體貼,能夠注意到并記住對他們重要的人的各種細(xì)節(jié)問題,會照顧他人的感受,會努力在工作和家庭中營造有序和諧的生活環(huán)境。
英文稱呼:Protector,即保護(hù)者,強調(diào)她們在生活上對別人的關(guān)照和保護(hù)意識。
生活小貼士:大和撫子的形象較為貼近ISFJ型,此類型的女孩子在受儒家文化影響的中國、日本等國家較為受歡迎。

四、NT的四種類型
1. ENTJ型(Field Marshal)(外傾E+直覺N+思考T+判斷J)

Frank, decisive, assume leadership readily. Quickly see illogical and inefficient procedures and policies, develop and implement comprehensive systems to solve organizational problems. Enjoy long-term planning and goal setting. Usually well informed, well read, enjoy expanding their knowledge and passing it on to others. Forceful in presenting their ideas.
ENTJ型的人性格坦率、果決,樂于承擔(dān)領(lǐng)袖之職。對于不符合邏輯和效率低下的流程及策略都格外敏感,會提出更加完善綜合的體系去解決組織中的問題,喜歡制定長遠(yuǎn)的目標(biāo)和規(guī)劃。一般來說,她們博學(xué)多才,樂于學(xué)習(xí)知識并將之影響他人,表現(xiàn)自我觀點時充滿著“有力的”正確性。
英文稱呼:Field Marshal,即陸軍指揮官,強調(diào)她們的戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃意識和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)指揮別人的偏好。
生活小貼士:ENTJ性格的朋友一定要讀兵家圣著《孫子兵法》。

2.?ENTP型(Inventor)(外傾E+直覺N+思考T+感知P)

Quick, ingenious, stimulating, alert, and outspoken. Resourceful in solving new and challenging problems. Adept at generating conceptual possibilities and then analyzing them strategically. Good at reading other people. Bored by routine, will seldom do the same thing the same way, apt to turn to one new interest after another.
ENTP型的人做事注重快捷和隨機應(yīng)變,喜歡有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作,擅長思考分析,顯得機敏又直率。善于觀察人事,不喜歡循規(guī)蹈矩,總是迎接新的挑戰(zhàn),追求新的興趣愛好。
英文稱呼:Inventor,即發(fā)明家,創(chuàng)新者。強調(diào)他們的喜歡將理論知識用于創(chuàng)新和開發(fā)。

3.? INTJ (Mastermind)(內(nèi)傾I+直覺N+思考T+判斷J)

Have original minds and great drive for implementing their ideas and achieving their goals. Quickly see patterns in external events and develop long-range explanatory perspectives. When committed, organize a job and carry it through. Skeptical and independent, have high standards of competence and performance - for themselves and others.
INTJ型的人觀念獨立,為了實現(xiàn)心中的理念或目標(biāo)可以展示出極強的執(zhí)行能力。(對熟悉的東西)能夠快速認(rèn)識到眼前的事物的本質(zhì),并對此建立長久而系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識。當(dāng)接受任務(wù)后,就會策劃應(yīng)對方案并完成之。獨立性很強,擅長質(zhì)疑和批判,對自己或他人都有很高的要求。
英文稱呼:Mastermind,即策劃者,強調(diào)她們在實現(xiàn)心中目標(biāo)時所展現(xiàn)出的極強策劃和執(zhí)行能力。
生活小貼士:INTJ型的人主觀意志很強,且又有控制偏好,一定要按照自己的構(gòu)想去實現(xiàn)目標(biāo),所以變通性不強,素質(zhì)不高的人非常不適合人際協(xié)調(diào)性工作,一般會在軍界、商界、科研界等領(lǐng)域見到她們,當(dāng)然.......她們偶爾也會出現(xiàn)在學(xué)院偶像的名單上。

4. INTP (Architect)(內(nèi)傾I+直覺N+思考T+感知P)

Seek to develop logical explanations for everything that interests them. Theoretical and abstract, interested more in ideas than in social interaction. Quiet, contained, flexible, and adaptable. Have unusual ability to focus in depth to solve problems in their area of interest. Skeptical, sometimes critical, always analytical.
INTP型的人喜歡用理論和思維邏輯去分析解釋各種感興趣的事物,理論性強,想法抽象。相比于社交互動,還是更喜歡研究各種問題。安靜,自持,靈活、適應(yīng)性強,在感興趣的領(lǐng)域上會展現(xiàn)出非凡的鉆研和解決問題的能力。好質(zhì)疑,偶批判,善分析。
英文稱呼:Architect,即建筑師。強調(diào)他們對理論體系的研究能力。

總結(jié)
MBTI理論針對職業(yè)規(guī)劃有著較為完善的理論體系,對人性格的分類也較為明確。但也有明顯的問題:
MBTI理論的社會性和職業(yè)性過于明顯,但性格不等于勝任能力,容易讓人進(jìn)入理解誤區(qū)。人在社會中往往扮演著多個的角色,受制于環(huán)境會做出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整,體現(xiàn)出人性格的多面性,這一點MBTI難以解釋。
MBTI理論混合了人的情商、欲望、智慧,在判斷津島善子這類高欲型的理想支持人格時,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)她有些方面符合外傾,有些方面符合內(nèi)傾,MBTI就無法判斷具體的類型。
MBTI理論不涉及人心理變化的動力學(xué)理論,因為人的心情是在發(fā)生變化的,事實證明同一個人在不同的情緒下往往會做出不同的決定,在判斷優(yōu)木雪菜、果林這類修飾性格時就會出現(xiàn)問題。這也導(dǎo)致測試量表極為不準(zhǔn),需要他人對此做出長久、客觀的認(rèn)識才能判斷類型。
MBTI理論更加針對西方文化,一些描述不一定適合東方文化。分析動畫角色尚可用MBTI理論,但分析現(xiàn)實的日本聲優(yōu)時,此理論的實用性將大打折扣。
對此,我們推出第三個理論:易學(xué)人格學(xué)理論,進(jìn)一步介紹東方人的識人妙招。