統(tǒng)計(jì)分析

統(tǒng)計(jì)分析方法在世界范圍內(nèi)廣泛使用于對(duì)工作的測(cè)和測(cè)量。統(tǒng)計(jì)分析對(duì)評(píng)估采購(gòu)工作具有很高的價(jià)值。

不同類型的數(shù)學(xué)平均

最常用到的數(shù)學(xué)平均是平均數(shù)。平均數(shù)的計(jì)算法是將全部統(tǒng)計(jì)值相加而后除以統(tǒng)計(jì)次數(shù)。如果某小部分統(tǒng)計(jì)值相對(duì)過高或過低,則平均數(shù)可能導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)偏離客觀實(shí)際。

另一種數(shù)學(xué)平均是中值。中值是最低和最高值之間的中間值。

還有一種數(shù)學(xué)平均是眾值。眾值是出現(xiàn)頻率最高的那一個(gè)數(shù)值。

術(shù)語(yǔ)

總會(huì)有某個(gè)人發(fā)明出某個(gè)讓其顯得自命不凡的新縮寫。重要的是別讓人發(fā)現(xiàn)你不

懂得下面列出的縮寫的意思。它們是專業(yè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的采購(gòu)人員所應(yīng)掌握的知識(shí)的

一部分。

APS??American Purchasing Society美國(guó)采購(gòu)協(xié)會(huì)

ASCII?American Standard Code for Information Interchange美國(guó)信息交換標(biāo)準(zhǔn)碼

ASTM?American Society for Testing and Materials美國(guó)檢驗(yàn)和材料協(xié)會(huì)

b.1.orstands for bill of lading and is a written receipt given by a carrier, such as

b/l?a trucking company, for goods accepted for transportation.提貨單

BO??back order, where an item is not shipped with the order and will be

shipped later if not otherwise stated..延期交貨

CIF?cost, insurance,, freight到岸價(jià)

CPM?critical path method關(guān)鍵路徑法

C.O.D.?cash on delivery交貨即付現(xiàn)金

CPI?Consumer Price Index?消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)

CPP?stands for Certified Purchasing Professional which is recognition by the

American Purchasing Society that a buyer or purchasing manager has a

good business reputation and has the experience, education, and

capability to accomplish buying activities in a professional manner.

采購(gòu)專員

CPPM?stands for Certified Professional Purchasing Manager注冊(cè)職業(yè)采購(gòu)經(jīng)理

D&B?Dun and Bradstreet

DOS?disk operating system-一種計(jì)算機(jī)操作系統(tǒng)

EDIelectronic data interchangeE電子數(shù)據(jù)交換

EOQabbreviation for Economic Order Quantity ?

Acronyms or Abbreviations continued

ETA?estimated time of arrival預(yù)計(jì)到達(dá)時(shí)間

F.A.R??Federal Acquisition Regulation聯(lián)邦采購(gòu)條例

FAS?free along side船邊交貨

FIFO?first in,, first out先進(jìn)先出法

F.O.B.?free on board離岸

ISO?International Organization for Standardization國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化組織

JIT?just in time準(zhǔn)時(shí)制

LC or?letter of credit, a form of payment particularly used in international trade

L/C信用證

LCL less car load拼箱

LIFO?last in,, first out后進(jìn)先出法

LMM?London Metal Market倫敦金屬交易所

LTL?less truck load零擔(dān)

MBWA?management by wandering aroundi迂回管理

MBO?management by objectives I目標(biāo)管理

MIL?U.S. military specification美國(guó)軍方技術(shù)規(guī)范

MIS?management information systems管理信息系統(tǒng)

MRP?materials requirement planning物料需求計(jì)劃

MRO?maintenance,, repair,, and operating supplies維修和生產(chǎn)供應(yīng)

stands for mean time before failure and indicates on the average how

long a product or machine will last before it breaks down.

MTBF?故障之前的平均時(shí)間

used as a payment term and means payable upon the receipt of the

goods or completion of the service purchased..貨到或服務(wù)完成付款

NETa payment term meaning payment is due 30 days after delivery of the

NET30purchased product or service..貨到或服務(wù)成后30天內(nèi)付款

OEM original equipment manufacturer原制造廠

OR operations research運(yùn)籌學(xué)

P.O. purchase orderi訂單合同

PPIP?roducer Price Index'生產(chǎn)價(jià)格指數(shù)

RAM?random access memory隨機(jī)存取內(nèi)存

RFQ?request for quote招標(biāo)(詢價(jià))邀請(qǐng)

S.A.E. Society for Automotive Engineers (or a standard pro vided by that

Society))美國(guó)汽車工程師協(xié)會(huì)(或協(xié)會(huì)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

TQM?total quality management全面質(zhì)量管理

UL?Underwriters'Laboratories

VA?abbreviation for value analysis價(jià)值分析

x%

NETd ?a payment term where may be any given percent or fraction of a percent

and d any number of days. x is usually no more than on or two percent

and d is usually 30, 45, 60, or 90 days.