TED演講者：Albert Cahn / 阿爾伯特·?？怂埂たǘ?br>

演講標(biāo)題：The shift we need to stop mass surveillance / 是時(shí)候停止大規(guī)模的社會(huì)監(jiān)控了

內(nèi)容概要：Mass surveillance is worse than you think, but the solutions are simpler than you realize, says lawyer, technologist and TED Fellow Albert Fox Cahn. Breaking down the crude tactics law enforcement uses to sweep up massive amounts of data collected about us by our everyday tech, he lays out how new legal firewalls can protect the public from geofence warrants and other surveillance abuses -- and how we might end the looming dystopia of mass surveillance.

作為律師、技術(shù)專(zhuān)家和 TED 講述者，阿爾伯特·?？怂埂たǘ鳎ˋlbert Fox Cahn）認(rèn)為，“‘大規(guī)模監(jiān)控'比你想象中還可怕，但是解決方案簡(jiǎn)單又直接”。執(zhí)法部門(mén)一直采用簡(jiǎn)單粗暴的信息處理手段和策略?？ǘ飨壬嘈牛眯滦偷摹靶畔⒎阑饓Α奔夹g(shù)可以有效保證公眾的個(gè)人隱私，保護(hù)大家不受“地理圍欄”搜查令和濫用監(jiān)控的危害。

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【1】We all know we're tracked everywhere we go.

我們都知道無(wú)論我們 去哪里都被“跟蹤”了。

【2】But as a lawyer, a technologist and anti-surveillance activist, I'm here to tell you two things: the threat is way worse than you realize and the solutions simpler than you think.

作為一名律師、技術(shù)專(zhuān)家, 以及反監(jiān)控活動(dòng)家, 我必須要告訴大家兩件事: 監(jiān)控帶來(lái)威脅比你 想象中要嚴(yán)重許多, 可是,解決方案比你想的更簡(jiǎn)單。

【3】And no, it's not wearing a tinfoil hat.

當(dāng)然,這并不是戴上 錫箔帽就能解決的。

【4】(Laughter) You may know that advertisers can record every link you click and every place you've been, but you may not realize the government can buy that data, too.

（笑聲） 你可能知道,廣告商會(huì)記錄下 你點(diǎn)擊的每條鏈接, 或者是你到過(guò)的每個(gè)地方, 不過(guò)你可能還沒(méi)意識(shí)到, 政府是能購(gòu)買(mǎi)這些數(shù)據(jù)的,

【5】If the NYPD wants to track a BLM protest, they can buy the data.

比如說(shuō),紐約警察 可以用買(mǎi)來(lái)的數(shù)據(jù)

【6】If Texas wants to watch an abortion clinic, they can buy the data.

如果得克薩斯州的政府想要 監(jiān)視提供墮胎服務(wù)的診所, 他們可以買(mǎi)到相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。

【7】And when the IRS wants to know if your Florida company is really doing work in California, they don't need to buy the data.

當(dāng)國(guó)稅局想要知道 你在佛羅里達(dá)的公司是否 真的在加州開(kāi)展業(yè)務(wù), 他們甚至不需要購(gòu)買(mǎi)這些數(shù)據(jù)。

【8】They already did.

他們已經(jīng)有了這些數(shù)據(jù)。

【9】Millions of our location records.

他們有我們成千上萬(wàn) 的位置定位數(shù)據(jù)。

【10】And what the government can't buy, it can take by force, crudely wielding our 18th century constitution against 21st century technology.

而且買(mǎi)不到的數(shù)據(jù), 政府可以靠武力獲得, 他們粗魯?shù)赜脧?18 世紀(jì)的憲法 來(lái)掌控 21 世紀(jì)先進(jìn)技術(shù)。

【11】With a geofence warrant, companies are forced to hand over our location data -- not for one person, but everyone, every single user in a geographic area, whether a single room or an entire city.

有了地理圍欄搜查令, 科技公司將被迫交出 用戶(hù)的位置數(shù)據(jù)。 而是所有處于某個(gè)地理區(qū)域的人。 不論是一間房,還是一座城。

【12】In one Virginia case, police cast a digital dragnet far beyond the crime scene, forcing Google to identify everyone nearby, even those at a church, even though they weren't even suspects.

在弗吉尼亞州的一個(gè)案例中,警察甚至在犯罪現(xiàn)場(chǎng)之外 很遠(yuǎn)的地方也布下了數(shù)字布網(wǎng), 他們強(qiáng)迫“谷歌”公司 識(shí)別附近的每個(gè)人, 甚至是教堂里做禮拜的人, 即使他們根本就不是嫌疑犯。

【13】It's not only Orwellian, it's bad policing.

這不僅僅是“奧威爾主義“, 這是非常糟糕的執(zhí)法行為。

【14】Search widely enough and someone's movements will always look suspicious.

只要搜索范圍夠大, 那么總有一些人 的行動(dòng)總會(huì)顯得可疑。

【15】Like an Arizona man wrongly arrested for murder miles away simply because someone was logged into his Google account.

亞利桑那的一名男子就曾因?yàn)榘l(fā)生 因?yàn)橛腥说顷懥怂摹惫雀琛百~戶(hù)。

【16】Or a Florida man connected to a crime scene for biking around the neighborhood.

一名佛羅里達(dá)的男子,僅僅 因?yàn)樵谑掳l(fā)地附近騎自行車(chē) 而被牽扯到犯罪案件中。

【17】Look, I don't know about you, but I find it hard enough to work up the energy to work out without worrying that my Fitbit is going to land me in jail.

聽(tīng)著,我不知道你們是怎么想的, 但我發(fā)現(xiàn)要想打起精神去鍛煉 真的非常的難。

【18】(Laughter) Technology makes tracking possible, but it's our laws that give it force, posing a deeply discriminatory danger to BIPOC communities,

（笑聲） 當(dāng)前先進(jìn)的技術(shù)讓監(jiān)控變得容易, 但賦予它力量的是我們的法律。 這會(huì)給少數(shù)族裔社區(qū)、性少數(shù)群體,

【19】LGBTQ individuals and undocumented families.

以及非法移民等人群帶 來(lái)嚴(yán)重的歧視性危害。

【20】We can't continue to watch officers shred the Fourth Amendment safeguards against search and seizure.

我們不能再任由政府機(jī)構(gòu) 肆意利用”第四修正案” 進(jìn)行不合理搜查和扣押。

【21】We can't wait for the Supreme Court to act.

我們不能只等最高法院采取行動(dòng)。

【22】We must ban geofence warrants and other surveillance abuses today.

我們今天必須禁止“地理圍欄” 搜查令和政府的其他監(jiān)控行為。

【23】(Applause) For years, privacy advocates have fought how companies collect our data.

（鼓掌） 從很早開(kāi)始,隱私權(quán)倡導(dǎo)者就 與數(shù)據(jù)搜集公司做著斗爭(zhēng)。

【24】And we failed.

不幸的是,我們失敗了。

【25】Maybe we should have tried the tinfoil hats after all.

也許我們應(yīng)該換個(gè)方法, 直接戴上錫箔帽子試試。

【26】But we can stop mass surveillance if we change the problem we're trying to fix.

事實(shí)上,只要我們換個(gè)角度 來(lái)看待這個(gè)問(wèn)題的話(huà), 我們是可以 制止大規(guī)模監(jiān)控行為的。

【27】Shifting our focus from how companies collect our data to how governments abuse it.

將我們的關(guān)注點(diǎn)從公司 如何收集我們的數(shù)據(jù) 轉(zhuǎn)義為政府如何濫用數(shù)據(jù)。

【28】In America, our default rule is that every smartphone, computer and Internet-enabled toaster oven is a police tool in the making.

在美國(guó),我們默認(rèn)的規(guī)則是 每部手機(jī)、每臺(tái)電腦以及任意 可以接入網(wǎng)絡(luò)的電子產(chǎn)品 都是警察手中的合法破案工具。

【29】Officers can seize our devices and wiretap Alexa, but they don't control the contours of our Constitution.

他們可以沒(méi)收你的電子設(shè)備, 監(jiān)聽(tīng)你的智能助理 Alexa, 但是,他們不能左右“憲法”

【30】It's our decision, our democratic decision, whether our data can be used for undemocratic ends.

這是我們的決定, 我們的民主決定, 關(guān)于我們的數(shù)據(jù)是否可以 在非民主目的場(chǎng)景下使用。

【31】We can create new firewalls to protect our information -- not computer code, but legal codes that shield us from having our data used against us in a court of law.

我們可以建立新的防火墻 來(lái)保護(hù)我們的信息—— 不是用計(jì)算機(jī)代碼,而是法律代碼 來(lái)保護(hù)我們的數(shù)據(jù)不會(huì)在法庭上 以任何對(duì)我們不利的形勢(shì)出現(xiàn)。

【32】Legal firewalls are already becoming a reality in New York.

在紐約,依據(jù)法律的 “信息防火墻”已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。

【33】At the pandemic's height, we feared how police and ICE might misuse data from new contact tracing apps that monitor everyone nearby.

在新冠流行的高峰期, 我們擔(dān)心警察和移民局 會(huì)利用你手機(jī)上的 Apps 來(lái)監(jiān)控所有周?chē)娜恕?/p>

【34】So we worked with the New York Civil Liberties Union, doctors, grassroots organizers to create the first ban on police access to contact tracing data in the country.

我們和“美國(guó)公民自由聯(lián)盟”、 醫(yī)生、以及社區(qū)組織合作 推動(dòng)起草禁止警察獲取從手機(jī) App 追蹤個(gè)人隱私數(shù)據(jù)的行為。

【35】No one should fear that they'll be arrested because of public health data, but that remains a risk in 49 states.

我們不應(yīng)該因?yàn)榻】禂?shù)據(jù) 的收集而擔(dān)心被捕, 但這一風(fēng)險(xiǎn)還存在 于其他 49 個(gè)州。

【36】Legal firewalls let us have our technology and our Constitution too, enabling innovation by outlawing oppression.

“信息防火墻” 不光有技術(shù) 支持,更有憲法為其背書(shū) 將所有的信息濫用 都設(shè)為不合法的。

【37】We see glimmers of Beltway bipartisanship, but state and local governments are our brightest hope.

我們看到了兩黨合作的曙光, 州政府和地方政府 更是我們的希望。

【38】That's because it can take millions of people to enact a national statute, but just a handful of committed activists can make changes in their community.

因?yàn)橹挥懈嗟闹菡?和地方政府加入 才能促成這一法規(guī) 在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)通過(guò) 而不僅僅是在某些特定區(qū)域。

【39】And we already see a deluge of state and local protections, including a bill I helped write, New York's first in the nation ban on geofence warrants.

令人欣喜的是,已經(jīng)有不少州都 加入到信息保護(hù)的行列中來(lái)了, 其中也包括一條我協(xié)助撰寫(xiě)的議案。 紐約是全國(guó)第一個(gè)禁止 “地理圍欄”搜查令的地方。

【40】(Applause) Thank you.

（鼓掌） 謝謝。

【41】And even some courts agree.

最近有法院也同意這一做法。

【42】Just last month, a federal judge struck down that sprawling Virginia geofence, calling on state lawmakers to enact bills like my own.

上個(gè)月,一名聯(lián)邦法官 對(duì)弗吉尼亞州的 “地理圍欄”提出質(zhì)疑, 呼吁立法機(jī)構(gòu)通過(guò)像 我提出的這類(lèi)議案。

【43】As a teenage protester, NYPD camcorders shoved in my face, I saw surveillance as a threat, and people thought my fears were something out of science fiction.

作為一名抗議者,紐約警察局 執(zhí)法記錄儀懟著我的臉拍, 我認(rèn)為這是監(jiān)控的一種威脅, 可惜有的人認(rèn)為,我所擔(dān)心 的只存在于科幻小說(shuō)。

【44】Today, they increasingly think that surveillance is inevitable and that privacy is the fantasy.

如今,越來(lái)越多人認(rèn)為 監(jiān)控?zé)o是法避免的, 想要保護(hù)隱私就是幻想。

【45】But I'm actually more optimistic than ever.

但我現(xiàn)在比以前更樂(lè)觀了。

【46】It had to get this bad for the denial to break and for the public to act.

公眾必須在情況變 得更糟之前做出決定, 并且采取行動(dòng)。

【47】I know we can push back that looming dystopia.

我知道我們可以擊退那個(gè) 若隱若現(xiàn)的反烏托邦。

【48】I know we can protect everything that technology might make possible tomorrow, but only if we ban surveillance abuses today.

我也認(rèn)為,將來(lái)科學(xué)技術(shù) 是可以幫助保護(hù)隱私的, 但前提是我們需要禁止當(dāng)下 的大規(guī)模監(jiān)控濫用。

【49】Thank you.

謝謝。

【50】(Applause)