為青少年設計看顧及玩樂的空間，沒有以一概全的模板，需要設計師具有高度的專業(yè)技能和敏銳的感知力，從而將調研成果及使用者的訴求與場地特質相結合，進行細致的轉譯和語境重構。作為該方面的優(yōu)秀實例，Z?ldike托兒所向我們展示了在特定場地中，如何在兒童空間的設計中詮釋在地性。

項目所在的地區(qū)擁有獨特的地下建筑歷史。錯綜復雜的地窖系統(tǒng)隱匿在布達?？松嚼?，其中最為悠久的由古羅馬人所建。由于許多人以葡萄種植為生，當?shù)氐囊淮筇厣闶窃谧≌敖ㄔ斓亟选Ｉ缴系母G洞也是當?shù)夭⒉缓币姷木幼】臻g類型，由于石灰?guī)r結構的完整性，這種建造方式簡便易行。在郊區(qū)的不斷擴張下這些地區(qū)特色逐漸消失。然而，仍有特殊情況的存在，地窖的權屬方往往與地面上的土地（和建筑物）不同。地下世界有時通過從地面貫穿而出的通風管道與地面相連。Z?ldike托兒所位于的地塊也是如此。雖然在項目初期帶來了困難和挑戰(zhàn)，但更新后的地窖通風管已經成為了項目的一項核心特征。混凝土環(huán)上的圓形穿孔，為建筑元素的外部構成和外觀增添了趣味性。

除了加強場地與歷史的關系，托兒所主要遵循可持續(xù)和安全性的設計原則。展館式布局與街道相背離，有利于內向組織空間和建筑元素序列，由此不僅為孩子們打造出多樣化的高質量空間，也保證了他們玩耍的安全性。場地的建筑統(tǒng)一而富有奇趣，布局方式遵循地塊的自然坡度和朝向，確保了最優(yōu)的日照條件。教室和懸挑頂蓋被蔥郁的綠色屋頂所覆蓋，私家的室內游樂場環(huán)繞在其中。

建筑師們深知兒童所接觸到的環(huán)境，對他們的早期發(fā)育有顯著的影響。在室內設計方面，材料和空間布局的決策對促進與建筑環(huán)境的積極互動非常重要。建筑師們沒有將大部分預算花在華而不實的公共外觀上，而是優(yōu)先考慮高質量的材料和飾面。除了特別注重對材料和色彩的選擇，項目還通過一系列趣味設施激發(fā)孩子們的想象力。例如，更新后的通風管道從室外的橡膠游樂場上穿出，為兒童預留了自發(fā)主導的游戲空間。另一個特色是環(huán)繞建筑物的觸感底座，窗戶的高度符合兒童的身高范圍，創(chuàng)造了向內的玩耍角落。Z?ldike托兒所不是個人主義的形式化作品，而是語境重構的直接成果：在宏觀層面上，加強了青少年與場地的地下建筑歷史間的關系，在微觀層面材料的選擇不會束縛孩子們好奇的探索。

Designing spaces of care and play for the youth requires a kind of craft and sensibility from the designer which goes beyond developing?a one-size-fits-all template. Instead, it is a careful and site-specific recontextualization of knowledge accumulated through research and listening to the users. Z?ldike Nursery is a great example of the ways in which the exceptional conditions of the environment informed how?principles of designing for children manifest on a specific site.?

The area is peculiar in its history of subterranean construction. The mountain on Budafok hides an intricate network of cellars, the oldest of which are attributed to the Romans. It was characteristic for locals (many of whom lived off viticulture) to construct cellars before family homes. It also wasn't uncommon to live in cave-homes carved into the mountain, an easy method of construction due to the structural integrity of limestone. This specificity of the local has become rendered invisible by the suburban sprawl. A unique condition, however, remains, in which subterranean cellars often have different owners than the land (and buildings) above them. The underground world is sometimes connected to the surface via ventilation flues piercing the landscape. This was the case of the designated site for the Z?ldike Nursery as well. Although initially, it proved to be an impediment to the process, the renovated flues of the cellars have now become a defining feature of the project. Its concrete rings are perforated with a circular pattern that lends a playful character to the exterior composition and appearance of built elements.?

Beyond strengthening the relationship of the site with its history, the massing of the nursery is primarily informed by principles of sustainability, as well as security. The pavilion-style arrangement of the nursery is offset from the street, favouring an introverted sequence of spaces and built elements, which not only creates a range of diverse quality spaces for children to play in, it allows them to do so safely. The buildings on the site have a uniform but whimsical quality, and their layout follows the natural sloping and orientation of the land optimizing solar exposure. The classrooms and their cantilevering canopies are covered with an extensive green roof, thus encircling the private interior playgrounds.?

When it came to the articulation of the interior spaces, the architects kept in mind that children's immediate environments have a profound impact on these early developmental years. In making interior design decisions, it was important that the materials and spatial arrangements promote positive interactions with the built environment. Instead of spending the majority of the budget on an extravagant, public exterior, high-quality materials and finishes were prioritized. Besides the special attention paid to material and colour choices, the project contains a series of interesting features that hope to engage the imagination of the children. For example, the refurbished flues pierce the rubber-cladded exterior playgrounds, leaving space for child-initiated and directed play. Another feature is the tactile plinth encircling the building and incorporating the windows in children's height range, creating introverted nooks for play. The Z?ldike Nursery project isn't a self-serving formalist project, but one that is the direct outcome of the recontextualization of knowledge. At the macro level, when strengthening the relationship of the local youth with the subterranean history of the site, or at the micro level when selecting materials that don't stifle curiosity.??

Project name:?Z?ldike Nursery

Location:?Budapest, Terv utca 14/A, 1223

Completion year:?2022

Gross Built Area:?1466 ㎡

Architects:?Archikon Architects ?

Web:?https://www.archikon.hu/

Social media:

https://www.instagram.com/archikon_architects/

https://www.facebook.com/Archikon/

Lead Architects:?Csaba Nagy, Károly Pólus, Dorottya Kassai, Krisztina Horváth, ádám Pásztor, Szilveszter Rády, Zsófia Senánszky

Structural Engineer:?Tibor Pintér

Building Engineer:?Csaba Makáry

Electrical Engineer:?Gy?rgy Kapitor

Landscape Architecture:?Edina Massány

Client:?Budapest Capital 22nd District Budafok-Tétény Mayor's Office

Contractor:?Archibona Kft.

Photographer:?Balázs Danyi

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Awards:

Budapest Architecture Award for Excellence 2022 – Special Mention

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