英文科技論文寫作樣式指南-標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)之雙引號(hào)（quotation marks）

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本文英文內(nèi)容摘自

"Anne M. Coghill, Lorrin R. Garson. The ACS Style Guide: Effective Communication of Scientific Information, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2006"

第二部分（Part 2. Style Guidelines）

第9章（9. Grammar, Punctuation, and Spelling）

第121–122頁

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Quotation Marks

雙引號(hào)

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Location ? of closing quotation marks with respect to other punctuation is a style point ? in which ACS differs from other authorities. In 1978, ACS questioned the traditional ? practice and recommended a deviation: logical placement. Thus, if the ? punctuation is part of the quotation, then it should be within the quotation marks; ? if the punctuation is not part of the quotation, the writer should not ? mislead the reader by implying that it is.

結(jié)束雙引號(hào)相對(duì)于其它標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的位置是ACS與其它權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)不同的樣式點(diǎn)。1978年，ACS對(duì)傳統(tǒng)做法提出質(zhì)疑，并提出了一個(gè)偏差：邏輯布局。因此，如果標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)是引文的一部分，那么它應(yīng)該在雙引號(hào)內(nèi)；如果標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不是引文的一部分，作者就不應(yīng)該暗示標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)是引文，從而誤導(dǎo)讀者。

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?? Place ? closing quotation marks before all punctuation that is not part of the ? original quotation. Place them after all punctuation that is part of the ? quotation.

?? 將結(jié)束雙引號(hào)放在所有不屬于原始雙引號(hào)的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)之前。將它們放在引用的所有標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)之后。

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例1：The sample solution was stirred briefly with a magnetic “flea”.

例2：Ralph Waldo Emerson said, “The reward of a thing well done is to have done it.”

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?? Use ? quotation marks around words used in a new sense or words not used literally, ? but only the first time they appear in text.

?? 在新意義上使用的單詞或未按字面意思使用的單詞周圍使用雙引號(hào)，但僅在它們首次出現(xiàn)在文本中時(shí)使用。

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例1：Plastocyanin is a soluble “blue” copper protein.

例2：The integrated intensity of each diagonal in the spectrum is proportional to a “mixing coefficient”.

例3：The “electron-deficient” cations are, in fact, well-established intermediates.

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?? Use ? quotation marks to enclose the titles of uniquely named parts and sections of ? a book or a paper.

?? 使用雙引號(hào)將書籍或論文中名稱獨(dú)立指定部分和章節(jié)的標(biāo)題括起來。

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例1：A complete description of the oils is given in the section “Flavonoids in Citrus Peel Oils”, and other references are listed in the bibliography.

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但是：

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The ? preface describes the complexity of the problem.

序言描述了這個(gè)問題的復(fù)雜性。

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?? Use ? quotation marks to enclose short direct quotations (up to three sentences).

?? 用雙引號(hào)括起簡(jiǎn)短的直接引語（最多三句話）。

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例1：In the book Megatrends, Naisbitt concludes, “We are moving from the specialist who is soon obsolete to the generalist who can adapt.”

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?? Use a ? narrower column width (that is, indented on both sides) for longer quotations ? (extracts) of 50 words or more. Do not use quotation marks.

?? 對(duì)于50個(gè)單詞或更多的較長(zhǎng)引文（摘錄），請(qǐng)使用較窄的列寬（即兩邊縮進(jìn)）。不要使用雙引號(hào)。

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例1：

Everything is made of atoms. That is the key hypothesis. The most important hypothesis in all of biology, for example, is that everything that animals do, atoms do. In other words, there is nothing that living things do that cannot be understood from the point of view that they are made of atoms acting according to the laws of physics.

—Richard Phillips Feynman

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However, ? this convention does not apply in an article quoting someone who has been ? interviewed. In such cases, quoted text need not be differentiated by column width, ? and quotation marks should be used.

然而，這一慣例不適用于引用接受采訪的人的文章。在這種情況下，引用的文本不需要按列寬進(jìn)行區(qū)分，應(yīng)該使用雙引號(hào)。

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?? Use ? single quotation marks only when they are within double quotation marks.

?? 僅當(dāng)單引號(hào)位于雙引號(hào)內(nèi)時(shí)才使用單引號(hào)。

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例1：He said, “You should read the article ‘Fullerenes Gain Nobel Stature’ in the January 6, 1997, issue of Chemical & Engineering News.”

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