須彌十座元能尖碑銘文（砂海諸國）專有名詞考據(jù)【純干貨】
資料整理：橘子夾
特別感謝：艾提謀、芒果樹
特別提醒：閱讀本文前，最好先通讀十座尖碑的銘文，把諸國亂戰(zhàn)的歷史了解一遍。
奧爾瑪茲沙 Ormazd Shah
Hormizd IV?(also spelled?Hormozd IV?or?Ohrmazd IV) was the?Sasanian?King of Kings?of?Iran?from 579 to 590. He was the son and successor of?Khosrow I?(r.?531–579) and his mother was a?Khazar?princess.
霍爾木茲四世是波斯薩珊王朝的君主，統(tǒng)治期間為公元579年－590年，他是霍斯勞一世的兒子兼繼承者。
Shah?(lit.?'king') is a royal title that was historically used by the leading figures of?Iranian monarchies.
沙 = 王。
「常勝之靈」基斯拉·帕維茲拉萬 Kisra Parvezravan, Spirit of Unceasing Victory
Khosrow II, also known as?Khosrow Parviz?("Khosrow the Victorious"), is considered to be the last great?Sasanian?king of?Iran, ruling from 590 to 628, with an interruption of one year. "Khosrow" is the?New Persian?variant of his name used by scholars and the name is transliterated in?Arabic?as?Kisra.
霍斯勞二世，人稱“得勝王”（Parvez）?；羲箘诙辣黄涓富魻柲酒澦氖赖姆磁颜邠砹⒗^位，即位后其父被處死。628年2月，其子喀瓦德二世（Shīrūya，即原神中的希魯伊）篡位，2月28日，霍斯勞二世被喀瓦德二世處決，其余兒子也被處決?；羲箘诙浪篮?，波斯薩珊王朝一蹶不振，喪失復興盛世的希望?；羲箘谒篮?，薩珊王朝陷入內(nèi)亂，不久即被阿拉伯帝國滅亡。
Parvēz = victorious; Ravan = spirit. 勝利之靈。
「疫王」希魯伊 Shiruyeh, the Lord of Pestilence
Shērōē?(also spelled?Shīrūya) was king of the?Sasanian Empire?briefly in 628. He was the son of?Khosrow II, whom he succeeded after having him overthrown in a?coup d'état.
謝羅埃，在628年短暫地成為薩珊王朝的君主。他是590-628年在位的霍斯勞二世的兒子，在政變中推翻了他父親。
關于原神中《希魯伊與希琳的故事》的原型，參見文學作品《霍斯勞與希琳》(Khosrow?and?Shirin)。
「隱匿的蒙面王」胡拉姆丁 Masked Hermit-King Khorramdin
Hashim, better known as?al-Muqanna‘?("The Veiled") was leader of an anti?Islamic?revolt who claimed to be a?prophet, and founded a religion which was a mixture of?Zoroastrianism?and?Islam. He was a chemist, and one of his experiments caused an explosion in which a part of his face was burnt. For the rest of his life he used a veil and thus was known as?"al-Muqanna‘"?("The Veiled One").?Said Nafisi?and?Amir-Hossein Aryanpour?have written about him in the "Khorrām-Dīnān" armies.
穆蓋奈爾起義(Intifadan al—Muqanna')?是中亞河中地區(qū)反對阿拔斯王朝和當?shù)卮蠓饨ㄖ鞯霓r(nóng)民起義(776～783)。起義領袖為哈希姆·本·哈金(Hashim ibn Hakim)。因其經(jīng)常用綠布蒙面，據(jù)說是因凡人不能忍受他臉上的圣光，時稱“穆蓋奈爾”（即蒙面先知），故名。
Bābak Khorramdin?(meaning?"Young Father") was one of the main?Iranian?revolutionary leaders of the Iranian?Khorram-Dinān?(Khurramites 胡拉米派), which was a local freedom movement fighting the?Abbasid Caliphate. The late leader of?the Khurramīyah movement,?Babak Khorramdin?was the follower of?al-Muqanna‘ .
Al-Muqanna 和 Babak Khorramdin 都屬于胡拉米派，反抗阿拔斯王朝。原神中把他們倆縫合到一塊了，把前者的“蒙面者”稱號和后者的名字胡拉姆丁融合，變成了蒙面王胡拉姆丁。
「蘭沙赫爾王」卡烏斯巴依 Shah Ramshahr Kavusbay
The title of?Ramshahr?(peacekeeper in [his] dominion) was added to the traditional "King of Kings of the Iranians and non-Iranians" on Yazdegerd's coins. Yazdegerd was the?Sasanian?King of Kings?(shahanshah) of?Iran?from 399 to 420.
伊嗣俟一世，是波斯薩珊王朝的沙阿（萬王之王），使用了蘭沙赫爾這個頭銜。
Kay Kāvus?is a?mythological?shah?of?Greater Iran?and a character in the?Shāhnāmeh（《列王紀》）. Kay (meaning "king") was a ruling title used in Iranian mythology by the Kayanians of the Avesta, later to be adopted by the Kushano-Sasanians, followed by the Sasanian monarchs of Iran.
Kay Kavus 是《列王紀》中的一個角色，后面我們還會見到其他來自這本著作的角色。Kay 和 bay 都可以表示“王”，因此 Kavusbay（原神版）和 Kay Kavus（列王紀版）基本可以等同。而且事實上伊嗣俟一世和 Kay Kavus 沒有什么聯(lián)系，估計這里只是單純地把他們縫合了起來。
藍寶石之城圖萊杜拉 Tulaytullah the Sapphire City
?ulay?ulah = Toledo is a city and?municipality?of?Spain, capital of the?province of Toledo.
托萊多，是西班牙中部的一個自治市，托萊多省的首府。
呼瑪云王 King Humayun
Nasir-ud-Din Muhammad, better known by his?regnal name,?Humayun, was the?second emperor?of the?Mughal Empire, who ruled over territory in what is now?Eastern Afghanistan,?Pakistan,?Northern India, and?Bangladesh?from 1530 to 1540 and again from 1555 to 1556.
納斯爾·烏德－丁·穆罕默德·胡馬雍，是統(tǒng)治印度次大陸的莫臥兒帝國皇帝。莫臥兒帝國創(chuàng)始人巴布爾大帝之子。 (一個印度的皇帝跑去統(tǒng)治西班牙的城，好縫！)
琥珀金的勇士之城薩勒赫 Saleh the Electrum City of Warriors
Salih?(lit.?'Pious'), also spelled?Saleh, is an?Arab?prophet?mentioned in the?Quran?who prophesied to the tribe of?Thamud?in?ancient Arabia.
這是個人，但是原神里明顯是個地名，怎么回事呢？原來——
Hegra?known to Muslims as?Al-Hijr,?also known as?Mada’in Salih?(lit.?'Cities of Salih'), is an?archaeological site?located in the area of?Al-'Ula?within?Medina Province?in the?Hejaz,?Saudi Arabia.
瑪?shù)樯忱?/strong>是沙特阿拉伯的考古遺址?！豆盘m經(jīng)》記載的石谷就是這里，其中該地的原住民因不相信使者的話而遭受到安拉的懲罰。
原神里，薩勒赫城對應的就是賽莫德人（Thamudians）：
The Thamud were a tribal confederation in the northwestern region of the?Arabian Peninsula, mentioned in?Assyrian sources?in the time of?Sargon II.
圖蘭哈岡 Turan Khagan
Turan?("The Land of?Tur") is a?historical region?in?Central Asia.
圖蘭，是波斯語中對中亞的稱呼，本意為圖爾人的土地。
Khagan?or?Qaghan?is a title of?imperial?rank in the?Turkic,?Mongolic?and some other languages, equal to the status of?emperor?and someone who rules a?khaganate?(empire).
哈岡 = 可汗。
由此可見薩勒赫城應該經(jīng)常以武力征服其他領地。
圓形劇場的丘墟阿伊哈努姆 Amphitheater City Ay-Khanoum
Ai-Khanoum?(meaning?Lady Moon) is the?archaeological?site of a?Hellenistic?city in?Takhar Province,?Afghanistan. Reconstruction of the city of Ai-Khanoum. The theatre is in the forefront, with the palatial complex behind.
阿伊哈努姆意為“月女”，其原型確實有圓形劇場。?
迦爾沙斯普 Garshāsp
Garshāsp?was, in?Persian mythology, the last?Shah?of the?Pishdadian dynasty?of?Persia?according to?Shahnameh. He was a descendant of?Zaav, ruling over the?Persian Empire?for about nine years. Garshasp is depicted as a?dragonslayer?in the?Avesta.
又是一位來自《列王紀》的角色。
呼瑪云·庫列甘王 King Humayun Gurkan
Gürkan?is a?Turkish?surname and given name for males. The word "Gürkan", is a Persianized form of the Mongolian word "Kuragan" (or Guregen) meaning "son-in-law".
庫列甘意為“女婿”。對應原神的人物關系，呼瑪云確實是蘭沙赫爾王的女婿，因為呼瑪云娶了他的女兒。
The?Timurid dynasty self-designated as?Gurkani was a?Sunni Muslim?dynasty or?clan?of?Turco-Mongol?origin?descended from the warlord?Timur. The word "Gurkani" derives from "Gurkan", a Persianized form of the Mongolian word "Kuragan" meaning "son-in-law".
胡馬雍是莫臥兒王朝的，莫臥兒王朝前朝帖木兒王朝就被稱為 Gurkani。帖木兒為了所謂“正統(tǒng)”，娶了成吉思汗親孫子的女兒，成了成吉思汗家的女婿。而原神中的呼瑪云王也是通過這個方式，成功奪取了蘭沙赫爾的政權(quán)。
穆阿扎姆哈岡 Muazzam Khagan
Muazzam = enormous,?immense,?huge.
穆阿扎姆，一個頭銜（配得上迦爾沙斯普自稱的“諸哈岡之大哈岡”）。
古達爾茲 Goudarz
Goudarz?is one of the main Iranian heroes in?Shahnameh, the?national epic?of?Greater Iran, and progenitor of one of its most prominent families.
來自《列王紀》。
嚴格來說，古達爾茲討伐的“僭稱哈岡之逆賊”不一定就是迦爾沙斯普，因為中間也有可能有別人殺了迦爾沙斯普然后又自立哈岡。但是為了劇情連貫性，可以假設古達爾茲討伐的就是迦爾沙斯普，這和上一塊石碑的迦爾沙斯普暴死、首都被燒、人民逃到藍寶石之城也完美對應上。
撒勒布·道萊王 King Saleb Dowleh
?????????(?alīb)?= cross?(geometrical figure)?
撒勒布即是“十字架”。
Ed-Dowleh?is a?suffix?used as part of?titles?for members of royalty who were in governing positions during the?Qajar?dynasty?in?Iran?(Persia). 一個名字后綴。
故該名字應該是：“十字架” + 名字后綴（德高望重的人）。
二十九代伊 Twenty Nine Deys
Dey, literally meaning uncle, was the title given to the rulers of the?Regency of Algiers?(Algeria),?Tripoli,?and?Tunis?under the?Ottoman Empire?from 1671 onwards.
Twenty-nine?deys?held office from the establishment of the deylicate in Algeria until the French conquest in 1830.
代伊原意為“舅舅”，因此銘文中穆扎法爾代伊有一個稱號是“海中諸魔獸的舅父”。在原神中解釋為聯(lián)盟的盟主。
穆扎法爾代伊 Muzaffar Dey
Muzaffar ("the Victorious"). 勝利。
Al-Muzaffar Taqi al-Din Umar?was the?Kurdish?Ayyubid?prince of?Hama?from 1179 to 1191 and a general of?Saladin.
奧爾迦娜 Orghana
Hormuz Island, also spelled?Hormoz, is an?Iranian?island in the?Persian Gulf, and known as?Organa?(?ργανα) to the ancient Greeks, acquired the name of "Hormuz" from the important?harbour town of Hormuz?(Ormus) on the mainland 60?km away, which had been a centre of a minor principality on both sides of the strait.
忽里模子（Hormuz or Ormuz）是一個10世紀到17世紀位于波斯灣霍爾木茲海峽的古國，是10世紀由阿拉伯貴族建立，1262年成為波斯的附屬國，后來又成為葡萄牙帝國的附庸。其同名首都、港口忽里模子（就是原神里的奧摩斯港 Ormos）在今波斯灣東口霍爾木茲海峽內(nèi)的霍爾木茲島，而這座島又被希臘人稱作奧爾迦娜（Organa）。
拜特拉哈 Beit Raha
Beit = ????????(bayt) = house; Raha = ?????????(rā?a) = comfort, leisure.
直譯為安樂王國。它的原型是：
Hatra?was an ancient city in?Upper Mesopotamia?located in present-day eastern?Nineveh Governorate?in northern?Iraq. The city was officially called?Beit Elāhā? ("House of God").
哈特拉。
納什魯 Nasrul, 納齊菈 Nazira
Na?ru?was a local governor at?Hatra (Beit Elaha).
哈特拉的第五任城主。但歷史上的納什魯不是納齊菈的父親。
Al-Nadirah was the daughter of al-Dayzan or Satirun (Sanatruq II), the king of?Araba. She betrayed the fortified capital,?Hatra, to the?Persian?king?Shapur I?after seeing and falling in love with him while he was?besieging the city.
歷史上的納齊菈的父親并非納什魯，而是哈特拉最后一任城主。她愛上了入侵哈特拉的沙普爾一世，并幫助后者殺死自己的父親，隨后沙普爾一世征服了哈特拉城。在原神的版本中，穆扎法爾代伊攻下了拜特拉哈后，殺死了納齊菈的父親，并立納齊菈為新城主。
霍杰爾 Hojir
Hojir is an Iranian hero in?Shahnameh, son of?Goudarz.
霍杰爾和其原型一致，是古達爾茲的兒子。
「綠之王」祖瑪魯?shù)?Verdant Lord Zumurud
???????????(zumurrud)?= emerald.
綠寶石。
法拉瑪茲 Faramarz
Faramarz?is an Iranian legendary hero in?Ferdowsi's?Shahnameh. He was son of?Rostam?and at last killed by?Kay Bahman.
瑪海菈 Makhaira
The?makhaira?is a type of?Ancient Greek?bladed weapon, generally a large?knife?or sword with a single cutting edge.
瑪海菈（第四個）和西福斯（第一二三個）一樣，都是武器種類。原神中有瑪海菈的水色、西福斯的月光兩把對應的武器。
瓦拉什 Balash
Balash was the?Sasanian?King of Kings?of?Iran?from 484 to 488. He was the brother and successor of?Peroz I, who had been?defeated and killed?by a?Hephthalite?army.
戈拉茲 Goraz
Shahrbaraz, was?shah?(king) of the?Sasanian Empire?from 27 April 630 to 9 June 630.
Shahrbaraz is actually a title, literally meaning "the Boar of the Empire", attesting to his dexterity in military command and his warlike personality, as the boar was the animal associated with the Zoroastrian Izad Vahram, the epitome of victory. Shahrwarāz is a Middle Persian word, with shahr meaning "country" and warāz meaning "boar". This word is rendered as Shahrbarāz (???????) in New Persian and as Sarbaros (Greek: Σαρβ?ρο?; Latin: Sarbarus) in Byzantine sources. Ferdowsi（《列王紀》作者）has used the shortened form Gurāz (????, literally "boar"), which is from Middle Persian warāz.
如有錯漏，歡迎提出，感謝各位的觀看。
