七七 | by / over / with

1??by 在附近

在…附近

人

• Come and sit by me.

物

• The house is situated by a beautiful river.

自己：“獨(dú)自地，獨(dú)立地”

• She does all the housework by herself.

期限：“在…之前”

• By this time next week we'll be in New York.

話題：“對了！”

• By the way，have you Yijiansanlian?

相同名詞：循序漸進(jìn)的速度

• The plant is growing day by day.
• year by year
• little by little
• one by one
• step by step
• drop by drop
• bit by bit

抓、握、拉、牽、拿

人的身體或衣著部分物體的手柄

• She seized her by the hair.
• He took her gently by the arm and led her to a chair.
• lead sb by the hand
• catch sb by the shoulder
• grab sb by fhe throat
• hold up a painting by one corner

經(jīng)由

某地或某條路線

• He left the house by the back door.
• pass / enter / escape … by the back/side door
• stop / drop by

表方式

靠著，通過，采取

• Only by working hard can we succeed in doing anything.
• fravel by bus / car / plane / air / land / sea
• 前無修飾！
• on foot
• pay by cheque / cash

“根據(jù)…判斷”，“依據(jù)”，“就…而言”

• lt's not fair to judge people by their appearances.
• l could tell by the look on her face that something terrible had happened.She is Japanese by birth and Chinese by marriage.
• l am certainly lucky to have a kind wife who is loving by nature.

“相比之下”

by contrast / comparison

• （in contrast / comparison）

By law，you are a child until you are 18.

The students refused to play the game by the rules.

• by mistake：誤…
• by accident：意外地
• by chance：偶然

與the連用，表示時間或量度單位（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）

We rented the car by the day.

• 按日祖用

They're paid by the hour.

• 按小時計(jì)酬

We only sell it by the meter.

• 按米出售
• by the dozen：成打的
• by the hundreds：成百上千

被…

• We were always amazed by his confidence.
• 為，受到，由，給……
• Pride and Prejudice is one of the finest novels written by Jane Austen.
• 由…創(chuàng)作，設(shè)計(jì)，演奏

The price went up by 10%.

The bullet missed him by two inches.

• 表程度
• 提高 / 降低的比率 / 數(shù)目
• to“到"具體的數(shù)目

They sleep by day and hunt by night.

• 趁著白天 / 黑夜 / 光亮…

The room is about 20 feet by 15 feet.

• 表“長和寬”

What do you mean by "luck” ?

• 表“特定詞或短語的意義”

2??over 如弧形一般覆蓋…的上方

…的上方

• There was a lamp hanging over the table.

覆蓋

• She is putting a blanket over her daughter.
• He was wearing a light-grey suit over a shirt.
• fold one's arms over one's chest
• 雙臂交叉在胸前
• Her hair flopped over her eyes.
• 頭發(fā)聾拉下來遮住了眼睛

一頭到另一頭

那一頭（位置變換）

• The college is just over the road from the station.
• get over：恢復(fù)過來；克服
• take over：接管

遍及

• There were tiny pieces of glass all over the road.
• She has traveled all over the United States.

從頭到尾，在…期間

• Are you doing anything over the weekend？
• Let's have a chat over a cup of coffee.

留宿過夜：stay / sleep over

仔細(xì)檢查：look / go over

監(jiān)視：watch / stand over

• How many pounds did you put on over Christmas / the holiday？
• Being too tired, my brother went to sleep over his work.

一頭到另一頭：“過”

In the U.K.，people over the age of 65 travel on the bus for free.

• 超過

Water flow over the sidewalks.

• 漫過 / 溢出

run over fhe bank

• 沖 / 跑過

fall / stumble / trip絆倒 over the rocks

• He is over me in the office.
• l heard the news over the radio.
• l can't talk over the telephone.
• People always fight over money.

3??with 伴隨

伴隨…

人、物、事（動作、情感）

She goes snowboarding with her friends.

• a dog with brown eyes
• begin with a capital letter
• with a sigh / pleasure

“身上帶著...”

• have / carry / take / bring with sb

具有或顯示出某性質(zhì)特征

• students with glasses
• pieces of paper with marks on them
• a country with a history of more than 5000 years

或情感、表情

• be wild with joy
• be speechless with rage
• greet sb with a smile
• smile with embarrassment

狀態(tài)

He often sleeps with the windows open.

• with + n. + adv.
• with no clothes on
• with + n. + V-ing / V-ed.
• with tears streaming down
• with my homework done

和 / 與…

be with

agree with

chat with

come with

compare with

compete with

discuss with

fight with

go well with

level with

• 與…保持相同水平 / 得分

match with

quarrel with

by contrast with

• 和…對照 / 比起來

方式

by+無形的事物,直接的"手段”

with+有形的事物/材料，“工具""用料”

• Cut it with a knife.
• Skill is gained by practice.
• be filled with
• decorafe/ furnish sth with
• With tears welling up in my eyes, I rushed out and ran along the street.
• Live not by tears to win sympathy, but by the sweat to win applause,

be angry with + 人

• He was still a little angry with her.

be angry at + 事

• Students were angry at being treated like childrens

be faced with：面對（被迫）

be familiar with：熟悉

be acquainted with：相識，熟悉

be obsessed with：著迷

be careful / patient / popular with

表示某種狀態(tài) / 品質(zhì) / 行為所關(guān)聯(lián)、涉及或影響到的東西

I'll go with the burger, medium rare.

That tie goes with his shirt.

To be frank with you, ...

l am not quite with you.

1. WeChat users born in the 1970s are an optimistic group, who like touse the "smiling face with a hand over a mouth" emoji and are keenon browsing WeChat Moment.
2. The mother set the toy gently by the side of the sleeping child.
3. The child cut the newspaper into pieces with a pair of scissors.