牛奶在烹飪菜肴中很常用，它也是很多人日常膳食的重要組成部分。但如果乳糖不耐受或不喜歡喝牛奶，有什么可以替代牛奶呢？本期 “隨身英語” 介紹一些常見的奶類替代品。

詞匯：milk 牛奶

Milk, it comes from cows, right? Well, not all the milk you see on supermarket shelves is from an?udder. These days we see many?plant-based?alternatives to?dairy, such as?oat, pea and?soya?milk. But why would someone stop drinking their?full-fat,?semi-skimmed?or?skimmed?cow’s milk and trade it for one of these?

牛奶來自奶牛，對吧?好吧，你在超市貨架上看到的牛奶并不都是來自乳房。如今，我們看到了許多以植物為基礎(chǔ)的奶制品替代品，如燕麥、豌豆和豆奶。但是，為什么有人會(huì)停止喝全脂、半脫脂或脫脂牛奶，而用它們來交換這些牛奶呢?

There are many reasons someone might try alternative milks. Some people believe the alternatives are healthier than milk from cows. Those with?lactose intolerance?or thinking about becoming?vegan?might start drinking alternative milks. Also, concerns about the impact of dairy farming on the environment could be a factor. Whatever the reason, there are many alternatives to dairy out there for us to?consume. But what are the differences between these other options and regular cow’s milk?

人們嘗試替代牛奶的原因有很多。一些人認(rèn)為這些替代品比牛奶更健康。那些有乳糖不耐癥或想成為素食主義者的人可能會(huì)開始喝替代牛奶。此外，對奶牛養(yǎng)殖對環(huán)境影響的擔(dān)憂也可能是一個(gè)因素。不管是什么原因，我們有很多奶制品的替代品。但是這些選擇和普通牛奶有什么區(qū)別呢?

Soya milk is one common alternative. According to some sources, such as healthline.com, it contains a similar amount of?protein?to regular milk. It is also lower in?calories?than some cow’s milk, which could be good for those on a diet, and often comes?fortified?with things like?calcium?and various?vitamins. So, all good? Well, soya is a common?allergen, and according to foodallergy.org, is one of the nine foods which cause the majority of allergic reactions.

豆?jié){是一種常見的替代品。根據(jù)一些來源，如healthline.com，它含有與普通牛奶相似的蛋白質(zhì)含量。它的熱量也比一些牛奶低，這可能對那些正在節(jié)食的人有好處，而且通常含有鈣和各種維生素等強(qiáng)化物質(zhì)。那么，一切都好嗎?好吧，大豆是一種常見的過敏原，根據(jù)foodallergy.org的說法，它是引起大多數(shù)過敏反應(yīng)的九種食物之一。

Almond milk?is a low-calorie,?low-fat?drink and is naturally lactose free and has a slight?nutty?taste. When?unsweetened, it also has lower levels of carbohydrates and sugars than some dairy options. However, even when fortified, it doesn’t provide the levels of protein seen in soya or regular milk. Then there’s?coconut milk, which is low in calories and may not affect people with nut allergies as much as other options, but is lacking in protein.

杏仁奶是一種低熱量，低脂飲料，天然不含乳糖，有輕微的堅(jiān)果味。不加糖時(shí)，它的碳水化合物和糖含量也低于一些乳制品。然而，即使經(jīng)過強(qiáng)化，它也不能提供大豆或普通牛奶中所含的蛋白質(zhì)水平。還有椰奶，它的熱量很低，可能不會(huì)像其他選擇那樣對堅(jiān)果過敏的人產(chǎn)生影響，但缺乏蛋白質(zhì)。

Whichever plant-based milk you choose, there are positives and negatives. Dieticians agree the most important thing is getting a healthy balanced diet which won’t trigger any allergies and comes with all the minerals and vitamins you need. And at the end of the day, it may just come down to which one you think tastes better.

無論你選擇哪種植物性牛奶，都有積極和消極的一面。營養(yǎng)學(xué)家一致認(rèn)為，最重要的是健康均衡的飲食，既不會(huì)引發(fā)任何過敏，又含有你所需的所有礦物質(zhì)和維生素。在一天結(jié)束的時(shí)候，可能只是取決于你認(rèn)為哪一種味道更好。

詞匯表

udder （動(dòng)物的）乳房
plant-based 僅用植物的
dairy 乳制品
oat 燕麥
soya 大豆
full-fat 全脂的
semi-skimmed 半脫脂的
skimmed 全脫脂的
lactose intolerance 乳糖不耐受
vegan 嚴(yán)格素食主義者
consume 吃，喝
protein 蛋白質(zhì)
calorie 卡路里
fortified 添加了
calcium 鈣
vitamin 維生素
allergen 過敏原
almond milk 杏仁奶
low-fat 低脂肪的
nutty 堅(jiān)果口味的
unsweetened 未加糖的
coconut milk 椰子汁

測驗(yàn)與練習(xí)

1. 閱讀課文并回答問題。

1. Why might some people have to swap dairy milk for alternatives?

2. How is soya milk similar to dairy milk?

3. What are the potential negatives of soya milk?

4. True or false??When unsweetened, almond milk has the same levels of sugars as?dairy milk.

5. What is the most important thing when considering which milk to drink?

2. 選擇意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1. The dietician suggested I increase the amount of?_______ I eat.

lactose intolerance? ? ? ? ? ?consume? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? allergen? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?protein

2. First thing in the morning, I love a coffee with _______.

allergen? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? unsweetened? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?carbohydrates? ? ? ? ? almond milk

3. How many?_______ are in this meal?

calories? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? nutty? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? fortified? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? protein

4. I take tablets to make sure I get all the?_______ I need.

whole milk? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?nutty? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?vitamins? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?unsweetened

5. Let us know if you have any?_______ and I’ll inform the chef.

nutty? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? allergies? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?vitamins? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?cappuccino

答案

1.?閱讀課文并回答問題。

1. Why might some people have to swap dairy milk for alternatives?
They might change from dairy thinking the alternatives could be healthier.?Those with lactose intolerance or thinking about becoming vegan might start?drinking alternative milks.

2. How is soya milk similar to dairy milk?
According to some sources, such as healthline.com, it contains a similar amount?of protein to regular milk.

3. What are the potential negatives of soya milk?
It is a common allergen, and is one of the nine foods which cause the majority of reactions.

4. True or false??When unsweetened, almond milk has the same levels of sugars as?dairy milk.
False. When unsweetened, almond milk has lower levels of sugars than dairy milk.

5. What is the most important thing when considering which milk to drink??
The most important thing is getting a healthy balanced diet which won’t trigger?any allergies and comes with all the minerals and vitamins you need.

2.?選擇意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1. The dietician suggested I increase the amount of?protein?I eat.

2. First thing in the morning, I love a coffee with?almond milk.

3. How many?calories?are in this meal??

4. I take tablets to make sure I get all the?vitamins?I need.

5. Let us know if you have any?allergies?and I’ll inform the chef.

文章來源BBC，侵權(quán)刪，本文僅用于英語學(xué)習(xí)。