【Campbell Biology讀書(shū)筆記Ep10】教材的新內(nèi)容重點(diǎn)單詞整理(九)

今天繼續(xù)聊詞匯——

guide——
有名詞和動(dòng)詞兩種詞性。
名詞含義:指南、向?qū)А⒅敢?/span>;
名詞搭配一:a guide to something某事物的指南;
名詞搭配二:a tour guide導(dǎo)游;
名詞搭配三:a spiritual guide靈修指引者;
名詞搭配四:let something be one's guide依靠某物、由某物指引,如one's feelings感覺(jué)、taste buds味蕾等。
動(dòng)詞含義:指路、駕駛、影響、闡明;
動(dòng)詞搭配一:guide somebody to a place帶某人去某地,guide somebody through a place帶某人穿過(guò)某地,guide somebody around a place帶某人逛逛某地;
動(dòng)詞搭配二:somebody guides a vehicle somewhere某人駕駛某交通工具;
動(dòng)詞搭配三:somebody/something(A) guides somebody/something(B)A影響、指引B;
動(dòng)詞搭配四:let something guide somebody讓某物指引某人(某人相信某物,如instinct直覺(jué)、religious beliefs宗教信仰);
動(dòng)詞搭配五:something(B) is guided by something(A),B以A為指導(dǎo)、宗旨,如Development has been guided by a concern for the ecology of the area.該地區(qū)發(fā)展以關(guān)注生態(tài)為指導(dǎo)原則;
動(dòng)詞搭配六:guide somebody?through something向某人闡明某事物;
書(shū)中用法:……Exercise that guides students through assessing ……表示這是個(gè)向?qū)W生闡明了對(duì)……的評(píng)估的練習(xí)。
block——
有名詞和動(dòng)詞兩種詞性。
名詞含義:方塊、樓房、街道、土地、大量(看做一個(gè)整體);
名詞搭配一:a block of something solid一塊某物,如ice、concrete、stone;
名詞搭配二:a chopping block砧板;
名詞搭配三:a tower block高層建筑;
名詞搭配四:a place is several blocks away某地在幾街區(qū)遠(yuǎn)的地方;
名詞搭配五:a block of shares一宗股份,a block of text 一段文字,a block of class一節(jié)課;
名詞搭配六:block booking團(tuán)購(gòu)。
動(dòng)詞含義:阻塞、擋住、妨礙;
動(dòng)詞搭配一:somebody/something blocks a highway/many roads/the stream某人/某物堵塞了公路/許多道路/河流;
動(dòng)詞搭配二:somebody/something blocks one's path/way/the view somewhere某人/某物擋住了某人的道路/某地的景色;
書(shū)上短語(yǔ):block ……表示阻斷……。
重要短語(yǔ)——
quorum sensing——生物學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ):細(xì)菌的群體效應(yīng),可以看做細(xì)菌間的交流方式,通過(guò)分泌信息分子,自誘導(dǎo)劑達(dá)成,每個(gè)細(xì)菌都會(huì)分泌自誘導(dǎo)劑,那么當(dāng)細(xì)菌感應(yīng)到自誘導(dǎo)劑濃度上升的時(shí)候,自然就是周邊細(xì)菌數(shù)量增多的時(shí)候,然后按照周遭自誘導(dǎo)劑濃度啟動(dòng)相關(guān)基因適應(yīng)環(huán)境,這樣,單細(xì)胞的細(xì)菌呈現(xiàn)出多細(xì)胞生物的特質(zhì),即細(xì)菌之間是會(huì)相互影響、相互適應(yīng)的。
明天繼續(xù)!