你有沒有過這種經(jīng)歷：當(dāng)廣播中響起一首歌時，你仿佛回到了第一次聽到這首歌的地方？音樂似乎能喚醒的記憶，這是為什么？本期節(jié)目探討音樂如何讓記憶駐留。

詞匯：music 音樂

It's happened to all of us: a?song?comes on the radio, and we are immediately transported to a time in our past. But what is it that makes music so effective at doing this?

我們每個人都有過這樣的經(jīng)歷:收音機(jī)里響起一首歌，我們立刻被傳送到過去的某個時間。但是，是什么讓音樂如此有效地做到這一點(diǎn)呢?

There are a few things that link?tunes?with our memories. Paul Donoghue, writing for ABC News, reminds us that the emotional nature of music helps make it particularly memorable. And Kelly Jakubowski, an assistant professor in?music psychology, adds that music and?singing?are often part of many important life events and rituals, and that it is also very effective in grabbing our attention. These things combined mean that music and these life events are likely to be encoded together in our memories.

有一些東西將音樂與我們的記憶聯(lián)系起來。為ABC新聞撰稿的保羅·多諾霍提醒我們，音樂的情感本質(zhì)使它特別令人難忘。音樂心理學(xué)助理教授Kelly Jakubowski補(bǔ)充說，音樂和唱歌通常是許多重要生活事件和儀式的一部分，它也非常有效地吸引我們的注意力。這些結(jié)合起來意味著音樂和這些生活事件很可能被編碼在我們的記憶中。

Music itself is easy to remember. Tiffany Jenkins, writing for BBC Culture, tells us how throughout history oral cultures have passed important knowledge from generation to generation?through?song. The?rhythm,?rhyme, melody?and?alliteration?in?lyrics?all serve as memory aids.

音樂本身很容易記住。蒂芙尼·詹金斯(Tiffany Jenkins)為BBC文化撰稿，她向我們講述了歷史上口頭文化是如何通過歌曲將重要知識代代相傳的。歌詞中的節(jié)奏、押韻、旋律和頭韻都是記憶的輔助手段。

She goes on to say that?pop music?especially can be associated with a particular moment in time. As Shahram Heshmat, writing in Psychology Today highlights, we often become familiar with a?piece of music?because we hear it as?background music. Familiarity is important. Jakubowski, tells us that the more familiar a piece of music is, the more effective it is at bringing back memories. This applies to music more than other?cultural products?because we are far more likely to hear a song over and over again than watch a film or a TV programme in the same way. Heshmat points out that our?musical preferences?usually form during our teens, and this corresponds with what many experts call the 'reminiscence bump', where we make our strongest memories between the ages of 10 and 30.

她接著說，流行音樂尤其可以與特定的時刻聯(lián)系在一起。正如Shahram Heshmat在《今日心理學(xué)》中所強(qiáng)調(diào)的那樣，我們之所以熟悉一段音樂，往往是因為我們把它當(dāng)作背景音樂來聽。熟悉度很重要。Jakubowski告訴我們，一段音樂越熟悉，它就越能有效地喚起記憶。與其他文化產(chǎn)品相比，這更適用于音樂，因為我們更有可能一遍又一遍地聽一首歌，而不是用同樣的方式看電影或電視節(jié)目。赫什馬特指出，我們的音樂偏好通常在青少年時期形成，這與許多專家所說的“回憶高峰”相吻合，我們在10歲到30歲之間形成最強(qiáng)的記憶。

It's clear that our memories and music are closely linked – to the point that music is being used to help dementia sufferers access memories that they thought they had lost.

很明顯，我們的記憶和音樂有著密切的聯(lián)系——音樂被用來幫助癡呆癥患者獲得他們認(rèn)為已經(jīng)失去的記憶。

詞匯表

song 歌，歌曲
come on the radio 在廣播中播放
tune 旋律，曲子
music psychology 音樂心理學(xué)
singing 歌唱
through song 以歌曲的形式
rhythm 節(jié)奏，韻律
rhyme 押韻
melody 旋律，曲調(diào)
alliteration 頭韻
lyrics 歌詞
pop music 流行音樂
piece of music 一段音樂
background music 背景音樂
cultural product 文化產(chǎn)品
musical preferences 音樂偏好

測驗與練習(xí)

1.?閱讀課文并回答問題。

1. According to Paul Donoghue, what aspect of music's nature makes it memorable?

2. How do oral cultures often pass on knowledge?

3. What kind of music can be easily linked to a period of time?

4. According to the article, how is music different to watching TV or films?

5. According to the article, when do people make their strongest memories?

2.?選擇意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1. The drum beats out the _______ of the song.

rhyme? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?rhythm??? ???????????? ??tune? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?melody

2. I love that song! I can sing all the _______.

lyrics? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?tunes? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?instruments? ? ? ? ? ? sounds

3. When my favourite song _______ the radio, it makes me happy.

comes off? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? comes to? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?comes on?? ????????????comes in

4. It's easier to remember the words when they _______.

spell? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? sing? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?sound? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?rhyme

5. This is my favourite _______ of music.

tune? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? piece? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?song? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?rhythm

答案

1.?閱讀課文并回答問題。?

1. According to Paul Donoghue, what aspect of music's nature makes it memorable?

He says that music's emotional nature makes it memorable.

2. How do oral cultures often pass on knowledge?

According to the article, oral cultures often pass on knowledge through song.

3. What kind of music can be easily linked to a period of time?

The article says that pop music can easily be linked to a period of time.

4. According to the article, how is music different to watching TV or films?

The article says that people are more likely to hear a song over and over again than watch a film or a TV programme in the same way.

5. According to the article, when do people make their strongest memories?

We make our strongest memories between the age of 10 and 30.

2.?選擇意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1. The drum beats out the?rhythm?of the song.

2. I love that song! I can sing all the?lyrics.

3. When my favourite song?comes on?the radio, it makes me happy.

4. It's easier to remember the words when they?rhyme.

5. This is my favourite?piece?of music.

文章來源BBC，侵權(quán)刪，本文僅用于英語學(xué)習(xí)。