一、準據法的適用（The application of applicable law）

中國船員與外國船東產生勞務糾紛，雙方可選擇適用中國法或者外國法。(For the labor disputes between Chinese seafarers and foreign shipowners, both have the rights to choose to apply Chinese law or foreign law.)

法律依據：《中華人民共和國涉外民事關系法律適用法》第三條 當事人依照法律規(guī)定可以明示選擇涉外民事關系適用的法律。

二、船東以崗位調整為名安排船員離船，擅自縮短船員合同服務期限，船東對船員的工資損失承擔責任。(The shipowner is liable for the loss of wages of his crew if he arranges the crew to disembark under the guise of job adjustment which aims to shorten the period of contract of his crew.)

《中華人民共和國民法典》第五百八十四條 當事人一方不履行合同義務或者履行合同義務不符合約定，造成對方損失的，損失賠償額應當相當于因違約所造成的損失，包括合同履行后可以獲得的利益；但是，不得超過違約一方訂立合同時預見到或者應當預見到的因違約可能造成的損失。

三、船舶優(yōu)先權(Maritime lien)

勞務糾紛一方申請船舶優(yōu)先權的法院不予支持。(The court shall not support the application of a party to a labor dispute for maritime lien.)

法律依據：《中華人民共和國海商法》第二十八條船舶優(yōu)先權應當通過法院扣押產生優(yōu)先權的船舶行使。

編者按：隨著我國對外開放力度加大，對外貿易變得極為尋常。隨之而來的是涉外貿易糾紛的不斷增多，為方便大家更好的掌握相關法律知識及專業(yè)術語，維護交易權益，筆者將與大家一同學習涉外法律基本常識，同時為大家免費提供法律咨詢，歡迎大家關注、來信、留言。（QQ:709328826,郵箱:shamingyu666@126.com）。

Editor's Note：With the strengthening of China's opening up to the world, foreign trade has become extremely common. Accordingly, the disputes between different traders are increasing. In order to make you grasp the relevant legal knowledge and professional terms and maintain your rights, the author will learn the basic knowledge of foreign trade laws together with you. Meanwhile, he will wait for your consulting from now on. The most important is that all the services will be free as the author also want to improve the abilities of himself.(QQ:709328826,E-mail:shamingyu666@126.com)