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 The Sword of Gryffindor

格蘭芬多之劍

The sword of Gryffindor was made a thousand years ago by goblins, the magical world’s most skilled metalworkers, and is therefore enchanted. Fashioned from pure silver, it is inset with rubies, the stone that represents Gryffindor in the hour-glasses that count the house points at Hogwarts. Godric Gryffindor’s name is engraved just beneath the hilt.

格蘭芬多之劍是千年前由魔法界技藝最精湛的妖精工匠打造的，劍被施過(guò)魔法。格蘭芬多之劍由純銀打造，劍柄上鑲嵌著代表格蘭芬多學(xué)院分?jǐn)?shù)的紅寶石。戈德里克·格蘭芬多的名字刻在劍柄下的劍身上。

The sword was made to Godric Gryffindor’s specifications by Ragnuk the First, finest of the goblin silversmiths, and therefore King (in goblin culture, the ruler does not work less than the others, but more skillfully). When it was finished, Ragnuk coveted it so much that he pretended that Gryffindor had stolen it from him, and sent to steal it back. Gryffindor defended himself with his wand, but did not kill his attackers. Instead he sent them back to their king bewitched, to deliver the threat that if he ever tried to steal from Gryffindor again, Gryffindor would unsheathe the sword against them all.

這把劍是萊格納克一世按照戈德里克·格蘭芬多的要求打造的，萊格納克是妖精中技藝最為精湛的銀匠，同時(shí)也是國(guó)王（在妖精文化中，統(tǒng)治者不能比其他人做的少，反而要更具天賦）。當(dāng)劍完成后，萊格納克卻極度迷戀寶劍，他假稱格蘭芬多偷走了劍，并派遣手下去偷取寶劍。格蘭芬多用魔杖自衛(wèi)，但沒(méi)有殺死那些偷襲者。反而是把他們送回妖精王國(guó)詛咒他們的國(guó)王，格蘭芬多恐嚇?biāo)喝绻俑襾?lái)偷取自己的東西，那自己就抽出寶劍來(lái)對(duì)付他們。

The goblin king took the threat seriously and left Gryffindor in possession of his rightful property, but remained resentful until he died. This was the foundation for the false legend of Gryffindor’s theft that persists, in some sections of the goblin community, to this day.

妖精王被嚇壞了，他逃離格蘭芬多身邊，說(shuō)格蘭芬多占有了他的合法財(cái)產(chǎn)，并至死都為此憤憤不平。這是格蘭芬多偷竊的虛假傳言的源頭，直至今日，在妖精中仍有這種傳言。

The question of why a wizard would need a sword, though often asked, is easily answered. In the days before the International Statute of Secrecy, when wizards mingled freely with Muggles, they would use swords to defend themselves just as often as wands. Indeed, it was considered unsporting to use a wand against a Muggle sword (which is not to say it was never done). Many gifted wizards were also accomplished duellists in the conventional sense, Gryffindor among them.

身為一個(gè)巫師為什么需要一把劍，這是個(gè)經(jīng)常被問(wèn)到的問(wèn)題，這很容易回答。在國(guó)際保密法頒布之前，巫師和麻瓜混居在一起，他們需要用到劍而不僅僅是使用魔杖來(lái)保護(hù)自己。實(shí)際上，使用魔杖對(duì)付麻瓜是有違道德和公正的（當(dāng)然這并意味著他們不會(huì)這么做）。在傳統(tǒng)觀念中，許多有決斗天分的巫師不會(huì)用魔法對(duì)付普通人，比如格蘭芬多。

There have been many enchanted swords in folklore. The Sword of Nuadu, part of the four legendary treasures of Tuatha Dé Danann, was invincible when drawn. Gryffindor’s sword owes something to the legend of Excalibur, the sword of King Arthur, which in some legends must be drawn from a stone by the rightful king. The idea of fitness to carry the sword is echoed in the sword of Gryffindor’s return to worthy members of its true owner’s house.

在民間傳說(shuō)中，有不少魔法劍。努阿達(dá)之劍（即愛(ài)爾蘭光之劍），丹努神族四至寶之一，但凡出鞘世間無(wú)敵。格蘭芬多之劍的傳說(shuō)來(lái)自于王者之劍（即英格蘭圣劍），也就是亞瑟王之劍，那把必須由真正的君王才能拔出的石中劍。而格蘭芬多之劍同樣需要由值得佩劍的人方能從分院帽取出。（自注：此處應(yīng)是指格蘭芬多之劍同王者之劍一樣，需要有特定品質(zhì)的人才能將其出鞘并使用）

J.K. Rowling’s thoughts

J·K·羅琳認(rèn)為

There is a further allusion to Excalibur emerging from the lake when Harry must dive into a frozen forest pool to retrieve the sword in Deathly Hallows (though the location of the sword was really due to a spiteful impulse of Snape’s to place it there), for in other versions of the legend, Excalibur was given to Arthur by the Lady of the Lake, and was returned to the lake when he died.

還有一種隱喻在于《死亡圣器》一書中，哈利必須潛入冰封的密林湖泊中搜尋格蘭芬多之劍（盡管劍的放置位置是由于斯內(nèi)普的惡意的一時(shí)沖動(dòng)導(dǎo)致的），在其他版本的傳說(shuō)中，王者之劍是由湖中女仙交給亞瑟王的，并在他死后重新歸還于湖中。

Within the magical world, physical possession is not necessarily a guarantee of ownership. This concept applies to the three Deathly Hallows, and also to Gryffindor’s sword.

在魔法世界中，對(duì)一個(gè)物體的暫時(shí)占有并不意味著所有權(quán)的歸屬。這規(guī)則適用于三件死亡圣器，以及格蘭芬多之劍。

I am interested in what happens when cultural beliefs collide. In the Harry Potter books, the most militant of the goblin race consider all goblin-made objects to be theirs by right, although a specific object might be made over to a wizard for his life-span upon a payment of gold. Witches and wizards, like Muggles, believe that once payment has been made, the object belongs to them and their descendants or legatees in perpetuity. This is a clash of values without a solution, because each side has a different concept of what is right. It therefore presents Harry with a difficult moral dilemma when Griphook demands the sword as payment for his services in Deathly Hallows.

我對(duì)于文化信仰產(chǎn)生的沖突非常感興趣。在哈利波特系列書籍中，最為激進(jìn)的妖精認(rèn)為：凡是妖精制作的東西就是屬于妖精的財(cái)產(chǎn)，即使那個(gè)物品是由巫師通過(guò)黃金交易特別定制的。男女巫師，像麻瓜一樣，他們同樣認(rèn)為一旦付款，那么這個(gè)物品的歸屬權(quán)將屬于他們的后代和被饋贈(zèng)者。只是一個(gè)無(wú)法解決的價(jià)值觀沖突，因?yàn)殡p方擁有不同的正誤觀念。因此，在《死亡圣器》一書中，妖精拉環(huán)要求哈利將劍作為他的服務(wù)報(bào)酬時(shí)，哈利面臨著一個(gè)艱巨的道德考驗(yàn)。（自注：劍不屬于哈利，他無(wú)權(quán)決定歸屬但又迫切需要拉環(huán)的協(xié)助）