●?volunteer

(1)?n. 志愿者 volunteer service 志愿者服務(wù)

(2)?v. 自愿做；義務(wù)做

volunteer for sth.?自愿為…服務(wù)

volunteer as sth.??自愿擔(dān)任

volunteer to do sth.?自愿/主動提出做某事

近義短語：

offer to do sth. 主動提出做某事

be willing/ready to do sth. 意愿做某事

(3)?voluntary ?adj. 自愿的，主動的，志愿的

voluntarily ?adv. ?自愿地，主動地

●?debate

(1)?n. 辯論；爭辯

have a debate on/about/over sth.進(jìn)行一場關(guān)于某事的辯論/討論

under debate ???????????在辯論/討論中

beyond/without debate ???無可爭論

(2)?vt.&vi. 辯論；爭辯

debate with sb?about/on/over sth.…???

就…與某人爭辯

●?prefer

(1)?vt. 較喜歡

prefer?doing sth./to do sth. 更喜歡做

prefer (sb.)?to do sth.??更喜歡（某人）做某事

prefer (doing)?sth.?to (doing)?sth.???寧愿…也不愿

prefer to do sth.?rather than do sth.???

=would do sth.?rather than do sth.??寧愿做也不愿

=would rather do sth.?than do sth.

prefer that…(should)?do sth.????寧愿

(2)?preference ?n. 偏愛；優(yōu)先權(quán)

have a preference for sth. 偏愛某物

(3) preferable adj. 更合適的，更可取的

●?content

(1)?n. 內(nèi)容；目錄；主要內(nèi)容；滿足

(2)?adj. 滿足的；滿意的

be content to do sth. ?滿意做某事

feel/be content with…??對…感到滿足/滿意

=be satisfied with…/be pleased with…

(3)?vt. 使?jié)M足

content oneself with…??滿足于

●?suitable

(1)?adj. 合適的；適宜的

be suitable for sth./sb.??適合某人某物

be suitable to do sth ????適合做某事

It’s suitable for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是適宜的

(2)?suit ?vt. 滿足某人；合某人心意

suit one’s needs 滿足某人的需求

(3)?n. 西裝；套裝

●?prepare

(1)?vi. 準(zhǔn)備；預(yù)備

prepare for sth. ?為某事做準(zhǔn)備

(2)?vt. 預(yù)備；做好準(zhǔn)備

prepare sth. 準(zhǔn)備某物

prepare sb. sth.=prepare sth. for sb.為某人準(zhǔn)備某物

prepare sb. for sth. ?使某人為某事做準(zhǔn)備

prepare oneself to do sth. 使某人自己準(zhǔn)備做某事

prepare to do sth. ?準(zhǔn)備做某事

(3)?prepared ?adj. 準(zhǔn)備好的；有所準(zhǔn)備的

be prepared for sth.=get ready for sth. 為某事做好準(zhǔn)備

(4)?preparation ?n.準(zhǔn)備；預(yù)備

in preparation 在準(zhǔn)備中

in preparation for 為…做準(zhǔn)備

make preparations for/to do sth. 為某事做準(zhǔn)備

●?graduate

(1)?vi. 畢業(yè) (瞬間動詞，不能和一段時間連用)

graduate from…畢業(yè)于…學(xué)校

graduate in…??畢業(yè)于…專業(yè)

(2)?n. 畢業(yè)生

(3)?graduation ?n. 畢業(yè)；畢業(yè)典禮

undergraduate ?n. 本科生 ??

postgraduate ?n. 研究生

●?confusing ?

(1)?adj. 難以理解的；不清楚的

(2)?confused ??adj. 糊涂的；迷惑的

be/get confused about ??對…感到疑惑

(3)?confuse ?vt. ?使糊涂；使迷惑；打亂；混淆

confuse…with…??把…和…混淆

(4) confusion ?n. 混淆；混亂

●?fluent

(1)?adj. 流利的；熟練的

be fluent in…????在…方面很流利/熟練

(2)?fluently ??adv. 流利地；流暢地

(3) fluency ??n. 流利；流暢

●?recommend ?

(1)?vt. 建議, 勸告

recommend doing sth ???建議做某事

recommend sb?to do sth ???建議某人做某事

recommend that sb?(should)?do sth 建議某人做某事(虛擬語氣)

(2)?推薦；介紹

recommend sth to sb=recommend sb sth???

把某物推薦給某人

recommend sb?as+頭銜/職位????推薦某人為…

recommend sb?for…????推薦某人做…

(3)?recommendation n. 正式建議;?提議;?推薦;?介紹;?推薦信;?求職介紹信

●?sign

(1)?簽名；簽字；打手勢表示

sign up for ??報(bào)名/簽字參加…

sign on ???簽約雇傭?

sign sth away 簽字放棄

sign for sth ??簽收…

sign in ??????簽到

sign out ?????簽退

sign sb?off ???給某人開病假條

sign sth off ??簽字認(rèn)可某事；簽字確認(rèn)某事結(jié)束

(2)?符號；極好；招牌；標(biāo)志；跡象；征兆

road signs 路牌

●?advanced

(1)?adj. 高級的；高等的；先進(jìn)的

advanced technology 先進(jìn)的技術(shù)

(2)?advance ?n. 前進(jìn)；發(fā)展

in advance=ahead of time???提前；預(yù)先

in advance of ?在…前面；超過

make an advance in…?/make advances in…?

在…?方面取得成就

(3)?vi. 前進(jìn)；發(fā)展 ???vt. 發(fā)展；促進(jìn)

advance on/towards ?朝…前進(jìn)

advance one’s knowledge of…增進(jìn)某人對…的了解

●?obviously

(1)?adv. 顯然；明顯地

(2)?obvious ?adj. 明顯的；顯而易見的

It is/was obvious that…=Obviously…

很明顯…；顯而易見的…

●?quit

vi.&vt. 停止；戒掉；離開（工作職位、學(xué)校等）

quit one’s job????離職

quit school ??輟學(xué)

quit doing sth.?停止做某事

●?responsible

(1)?adj. 負(fù)責(zé)的；有責(zé)任的

be responsible for ????對…負(fù)責(zé)

(2)?responsibility ?n. 責(zé)任；義務(wù)

a sense of responsibility ?責(zé)任感

have responsibility for ?對…有責(zé)任

take responsibility for ?對…負(fù)責(zé)任

take on responsibilities???承擔(dān)責(zé)任

It is one’s responsibility to do sth 做…是某人的責(zé)任

●?schedule

(1)?n. 工作計(jì)劃；日程安排

ahead of schedule ?提前

behind schedule ??晚于預(yù)定時間

on schedule ??????按時

(2)?v. 安排；預(yù)定

be scheduled to do sth ?預(yù)定做某事

be scheduled for ???被安排于…（時間）

●?behaviour

(1)?n. 行為；舉止

good/bad behaviour 好的/壞的行為

(2)?vt.&vi. ?舉動；（舉止或行為）表現(xiàn)

behave well/badly ?表現(xiàn)好，舉止得體/表現(xiàn)差，行為不良

behave oneself ????守規(guī)矩；行為得體

well-behaved ??adj. 表現(xiàn)好的

badly-behaved ?adj. 表現(xiàn)差的

●?attract

(1)?vt. ?吸引；引起…的注意（或興趣）

attract one’s attention/mind/interest??吸引某人的注意力/興趣

attract sb?to sth/sb???吸引某人關(guān)注某事/某人

(2)?attraction ???n. ?吸引；有吸引力的地方

a?tourist attraction ??旅游景點(diǎn)

have an/no/a little/much attention for sb對某人具有/不具有/有一點(diǎn)/很有吸引力

(3)?attractive ??adj. 有吸引力的

be attractive to…??對…有吸引力

●?focus

(1)?vi.&vt. 集中（精力、注意力等）；（使）調(diào)節(jié)焦距

focus on/upon ??集中（精力、注意力）于

focus one’s attention/eyes/energy/mind?on…集中注意力/目光/精力/心思于…

focus the camera on…把相機(jī)的鏡頭對準(zhǔn)…

(2)?n. 中心；重點(diǎn)；焦點(diǎn)；焦點(diǎn)

the focus of?attention?????關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)/中心

in focus 焦點(diǎn)對準(zhǔn)的

out of focus ?焦點(diǎn)未對準(zhǔn)的

拓展：全神貫注于…的其他表達(dá)方式

bury/lose oneself in…(表動作)

keep one’s mind on…

fix one’s mind/attention on…

concentrate one’s attention/mind on…

be buried/absorbed/lost in…(表狀態(tài))

●?addicted

(1)?adj. 有癮的；上癮的；入迷的

be/get/become addicted to sth/doing ??對…入迷，沉溺于…

(2)?addict ?vt. ??使沉溺，沉溺于

n. 對…入迷的人，吸毒成癮的人?

a TV addict一個電視迷

addict oneself to ??沉溺于…

He addicted himself drinking.

(3)?addictive ??adj. ?使人上癮的，使人入迷的

(4)?addiction ??n. 癮；入迷

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