全球走向重新開放，生活在“試錯”中繼續(xù)

Reopenings Mark a New Phase:?

Global ‘Trial-and-Error’ Played Out in Lives

Part One

The world is entering a period of?high-stakes?experimentation, with cities and countries serving as open-air laboratories for how to most safely and effectively reopen amid the coronavirus.

世界正進入一個高風(fēng)險的實驗期，城市和國家成了露天實驗室，研究如何在新冠病毒肆虐下最安全有效地重新開放。

Unable to?wait indefinitely for science to answer every riddle about what makes infections?spike?in some circumstances and not others, governments are pushing ahead with policies built on a growing but imperfect understanding of the virus.

由于不能無限期地等待科學(xué)來回答每個謎題——哪些情況會導(dǎo)致感染激增，哪些情況不會——各國政府所推動的政策建立在對這種病毒不斷增長但并不完善的認識基礎(chǔ)上。

And with little consensus on?how best?to?balance?public health?against?social and economic needs, societies are?feeling their way?through?trade-offs?that would be?gut-wrenching?even with better information on any given policy’s likely cost in lives and livelihoods.

對于如何更好地平衡公共衛(wèi)生與社會和經(jīng)濟需求，幾乎沒有共識達成，各個社會正在權(quán)衡利弊中摸索，就算可以更深入了解特定政策可能造成的生命和生計損失，這種權(quán)衡也將是很痛苦的。

1、?Trial-and-Error ?反復(fù)試驗，反復(fù)嘗試

2、?played Out ?表演結(jié)束，這里指最終結(jié)果

play out = pan out = turn out

i.e. Nobody knows how things will play out. 沒人知道最終結(jié)果會如何。

3、high-stakes ?高風(fēng)險

???be at stake = be at risk ??高風(fēng)險

???補充：榮辱與共，休戚與共 ?We have stake in each other state.

share weal and woe(不常用)

4、with ?引出理由

5、unable to ?不能夠= as they are unable to....

6、riddle ??謎題

7、spike ?猛增，激增（既可作動詞也可作名詞）= surge = soar

???此詞亦可作新冠病毒的刺之意。

8、push ahead with ?推動 = press ahead with = move forward with

9、with ?引出事實背景，引出原因

10、consensus ?共識

11、how best to... ??如何更好地做某事

12、balance A against B ??在A和B之間權(quán)衡（動詞詞組）

13、feel one’s way ?摸索

i.e. feel one’s way forward ??摸索著往前走

14、trade-off ??權(quán)衡利弊（名詞詞組）

??? i.e. We must make a trade-off between A and B. ?我們必須在A和B之間權(quán)衡利弊。

15、gut-wrenching ?痛苦的，倒胃口的，令人厭煩的 = stomach-turning

Part Two

“We’re?in the middle of?a global trial-and-error period to try to find the best solution in a very difficult situation,” said Tom Inglesbury,?who directs?the Center for Health Security at Johns Hopkins University.

“我們正處在一個全球反復(fù)試驗的時期，努力在一個非常困難的情況下找到最佳解決方案，”約翰·霍普金斯大學(xué)衛(wèi)生安全中心(Center for Health Security at Johns Hopkins University)主任湯姆·英格斯伯里(Tom Inglesbury)說。

The first wave of?reopenings,?predominantly?in Asia and Europe, are providing a preview of what could become a continual process of experimentation and recalibration.

第一波重新開業(yè)潮主要在亞洲和歐洲，這是一個可能會不斷持續(xù)下去實驗和調(diào)整(校正）過程的預(yù)演。

Each policy, like?distancing?students at Danish schools or temperature checks at Hong Kong restaurants, however based in scientific knowledge and?calculated cost-benefit, is also a trial of what works, what’s worthwhile and what people will accept.

諸如丹麥的學(xué)校讓學(xué)生保持距離，或者香港餐館內(nèi)的體溫檢查，每項政策都是基于科學(xué)知識和成本效益計算，也是在試驗什么措施有效、什么東西有價值、人們會接受什么。

1、?in the middle of... 正在....過程當中; 正在...時期當中

i.e. We find ourselves in a world of uncertainty. 我們身處在不確定的世界當中。

?? i.e. We find ourselves in an era of ... ??身處...時代當中。

???i.e. BeiJing has a car ownership of.... ?北京汽車保有量....

???i.e. There are...cars on the roads. ?北京汽車保有量（更生動）

?2、trial-and-error ??反復(fù)試驗

?3、best solution ??最佳解決方案

?4、direct ?(動詞) 指導(dǎo)，管理 ?翻譯原則：名動互轉(zhuǎn)

????director ?主任 = chief = head ?

5、the first wave of reopenings ??第一波復(fù)工

???補充：住院人數(shù) ?hospitalizations ??專利申請量 ?patent filings

???file 可作為動詞，譯為提交

??file a report ?提交一份報告 ??file an application ?提交申請

??file for patent ?為專利提出申請 ??file a lawsuit against ??對...提起訴訟

6、predominantly ??最主要的

7、provide a preview ?提供預(yù)演

???補充：China is home to 5000 years of civilization. 中國有著五千年的燦爛文明。

? China is home to an ancient civilization. 中國是一個文明古國。

? Zhongguancun ?houses .... ?中關(guān)村有多少家企業(yè)。

8、distance ?(作為動詞) 拉開距離，保持距離

???i.e. social distance ?社交距離，社交疏離

???i.e. tables/seats must be spaced apart ??桌子/椅子必須隔開坐

???i.e. tables/seats must be spaced further apart ?桌子/椅子必須隔得再遠點兒坐

???i.e. be blocked out ?隔著坐

???i.e. seats must be blocked out. 座位必須隔著坐

?9、calculate cost-benefit ?權(quán)衡成本與效益

Part Three

Though experience bought in lives will?convert?some unknowns to knowns, many questions may remain unanswered for the duration of what is expected to be a one-to-two-year crisis.

雖然在生活中獲得的經(jīng)驗會將一些未知轉(zhuǎn)化為已知，但在預(yù)計將持續(xù)一到兩年的危機期間，許多問題可能仍然沒有答案。

That includes what may be the hardest but most urgent question of all:?What is the value of?a life saved?

其中包括那個最困難但也最緊迫的問題：挽救生命的代價，究竟幾何？

Countries have little choice but to guess at?stomach-turning?ethical calculations. How many lives should be risked to save a thousand people from unemployment? To stop a generation of kids from falling behind in school? To?salvage a sense of normalcy?

各國別無選擇，只能在猜測中做出那個令人痛苦的道德考量。要讓多少人冒著生命危險，才能使1000人免于失業(yè)？才能防止一代孩子的學(xué)業(yè)落后？才能挽回一種常態(tài)的感覺?

While Dr. Inglesbury stressed that “there are a lot of principles that are based on public health and common sense” to guide us, he also said, “There’s?no road map?for this.”

雖然英格爾斯伯里博士強調(diào)，“有很多基于公共衛(wèi)生和常識的原則”可以用來指導(dǎo)我們，但他也說，“這方面沒有路線圖”。

1、?convert unknows to knows ?將未知轉(zhuǎn)化為已知

2、 What is the value of a life saved? ?拯救生命的意義何在，這里value不是價值之意，而是翻譯成意義。

3、?little choice ?幾乎沒有選擇

4、?guess at sth. ?猜測

5、?stomach-turning ?反胃的，不舒服的

6、?ethical calculation ?道德考量

7、 to save... ；to stop...；to salvage... ?為了押頭韻

i.e. to save...from....拯救...于...

8、?fall behind ?學(xué)業(yè)落后

9、?normalcy ??常態(tài) ??new normal of the pandemic ?傳染病新常態(tài)

10、stress ?強調(diào)

11、common sense ??常識

???i.e. conventional wisdom ??常識（傳統(tǒng)的智慧）

???i.e. go against conventional wisdom ??不合常理

12、There’s no road map for this. ?無章可循

今日翻譯要點：立體、形象、圖片！