Power in the 21st century- efforts to rein in climate change will upend the geopolitics of energy

Power related words

1. barrel 桶，一桶油
2. crude 原油
3. clean energy 清潔能源
4. decarbonise 脫碳
5. cut greenhouse-gas emissions 減少溫室氣體排放
6. silicon 硅
7. natrual gas 天然氣
8. solar module 光伏模塊
9. wind turbine 風(fēng)力發(fā)電機
10. shale oil/gas 頁巖油/氣
11. fossil-fuel-free renewable energy

Vocabulary:

1. scrape along 勉強維生
2. meomentum 勢頭 gain momentum 勢頭加強 lose momentum 勢頭放緩
3. earmark v 指定用途 money be emarked for something
4. emerging 新興的，emerging world 新興市場， emerging countries 新興國家
5. big power 大國
6. mire n 泥沼； v 陷入泥潭
7. bog n，泥沼； bog sth/ sb down 使某人/物 陷入
8. handout n 政府撥款
9. cronyism n 任人唯親
10. vie = compete 競爭 vie with sb for sth. vie to do sth
11. little wonder = no wonder 難怪
12. cartel 壟斷聯(lián)盟
13. famine n 饑荒
14. dislocation n 流離失所
15. loom 隱約出現(xiàn)，逼近
16. perlious 危險，比dangerous程度更重
17. destabilize 動搖
18. contemplate v 考慮
19. let alone 更不必說
20. turbulence = chaos ≈ turmoil 動亂

Nice sentence:

1. With interest rates near zero, politics are baking green infrastructure plans.
2. As the public, governments and investors wake up to climate change, the clean-energy industry is gaining momentum.
3. The shift involves big risks. If disorderly, it could add to political and economic instability in petrostates and concentrate control of the green-supply chain in certain countries.
4. China could temporarily gain clout over the global power system because of its dominace in making key components, such as solar modules and wind turbines, and developing new technologies. They also control much of the refining of minerals critical to clean energy.
5. (環(huán)境）Today, fossil fuels are the ultimate source of 85% of energy. But this system is dirty. Energy accounts for two thirds of greenhouse-gas emissions; the pollution from burning fossil fuels kills over 4m people a year, mostly in the emerging world's mega-cities.
6. （政治）Oil has also created political instability. For decades petrostates such as Saudi Arabia, with little to develop their economies, have been mired in the politics of handouts and cronyism. Ouside, oil markets are buffeted by an erratic cartel. Concentration of the world's oil reserves makes supply vulnerable to geopolitical shocks. In an effort to ensure secure supplies, the world's big powers have vied to influence these states, not least in the Middle East, where American has roughly 60,000 troops.
7. (環(huán)境好處）Most important, decarbonising energy will avoid the chaoes of unchecked climate change, including devastating droughts, famine, floods and mass dislocation.
8. （政治好處）Petrostates will have to attempt to reform themselves and, as their governments start to depend on taxing their own citizens. Consuming countries, which once sought energy security by medding in the politics of the oil producers, will instead look to sensible regulation of their own power industry.
9. As oil demand dwindles, they will face a vicious fight for market share which will be won by the countries with the cheapest and cleanest crude.

文章結(jié)構(gòu)：