perturbation n. the state of feeling anxious about sth. that has happened.

gradually adv. slowly, over a long period of time

ascend v.登上

eminence n. an area of high ground

abruptness n.陡度

wound-wind : to have many bends and twists

ridge n.山脊

counteract v. +sth. to do sth to reduce or prevent the bad or harmful effects of sth.

gaudy a. too brightly coloured in a way that lacks taste

miniature n.小畫(huà)像

mantelpiece 壁爐臺(tái)

affable a. pleasant, friendly and easy to talk to

rattle away口若懸河

spacious lobby寬敞的大廳

intelligible to sb. that can be easilly understood

trifling small and not important

canvas n.油畫(huà)