2002年考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解第一篇重點(diǎn)單詞匯總

If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are i ?sympathy with their point of view. Depend on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.
如果你想在談話中使用幽默來(lái)讓人們微笑,你必須知道如何識(shí)別共同的經(jīng)歷和問(wèn)題。你的幽默必須與觀眾相關(guān),應(yīng)該有助于向他們表明你是他們中的一員,或者你理解他們的處境,我同情他們的觀點(diǎn)。這取決于你要解決的是誰(shuí),這些問(wèn)題將會(huì)有所不同。如果你正在和一群經(jīng)理交談,你可以參考他們的秘書的混亂的方法;或者,如果你是在給秘書講話,你可能想評(píng)論他們混亂的老板。
Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses’?convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a while coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomp over to a table by himself. “Who is that?”?the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, that’s God,”?came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he’s doctor.”
這是一個(gè)例子,我在一個(gè)護(hù)士大會(huì)上聽到的,這個(gè)故事很有效,因?yàn)橛^眾對(duì)醫(yī)生都有相同的看法。一個(gè)人來(lái)到了天堂,并被圣彼得帶著四處參觀。他看到了美妙的住宿,美麗的花園,陽(yáng)光明媚的天氣,等等。每個(gè)人都很平靜、有禮貌和友好,直到排隊(duì)吃午飯,新來(lái)的人突然被一個(gè)穿著外套的男人推到一邊,他沖到隊(duì)伍的前面,抓起食物,獨(dú)自跺到一張桌子上。“那位是誰(shuí)呢?”新來(lái)的人問(wèn)圣彼得說(shuō)?!芭?,那是上帝,”他回答說(shuō),“但有時(shí)他會(huì)認(rèn)為自己是醫(yī)生?!?/span>
If you are port of the group which you are addressing, you well be in a position to know the experience and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food and or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn’t attempt to cut in which humor as they will resent an outsider making disappearing remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.
如果你是港口的集團(tuán)你解決,你可以知道經(jīng)驗(yàn)和問(wèn)題是常見的,它會(huì)適合你通過(guò)一個(gè)評(píng)論不可食用的食堂食物和或主席的臭名昭著的壞品味的關(guān)系。對(duì)于其他觀眾,你不能試圖減少一些幽默,因?yàn)樗麄儠?huì)怨恨一個(gè)局外人對(duì)他們的食堂或他們的主席發(fā)表消失的言論。如果你堅(jiān)持去找像郵局或電話系統(tǒng)這樣的替罪羊,你的處境就會(huì)更安全。
If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practise so that it become more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed unforced manner. Often it’s the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.
如果你覺(jué)得幽默很尷尬,你必須練習(xí),使它變得更自然。包括一些隨意的和明顯即興的評(píng)論,你可以以輕松的不強(qiáng)迫的方式發(fā)表。通常是演講讓觀眾微笑,所以慢慢地說(shuō),記住揚(yáng)起眉毛或不相信的表情可能有助于表明你在做一個(gè)輕松的評(píng)論。
Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist an a familiar quote “If at first you don’t succeed, give up”?or a play on words or an a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.
尋找幽默。它通常來(lái)自于意想不到的事情。一段熟悉的名言“如果一開始你沒(méi)有成功,就放棄”,或者玩文字或一種情況。尋找夸張和低估。看看你的談話,挑出幾個(gè)單詞或句子,你可以轉(zhuǎn)身和注入幽默。
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intend ?v. 打算,計(jì)劃;想要;意指
過(guò)去分詞:intended
現(xiàn)在分詞:intending
過(guò)去式:intended
第三人稱單數(shù):intends
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humor??n. 幽默,心情,詼諧
vt. 迎合,遷就,順應(yīng)
過(guò)去分詞:humored
現(xiàn)在分詞:humoring
過(guò)去式:humored
第三人稱單數(shù):humors
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identify??vt. 識(shí)別,認(rèn)出;確定;使參與;把…看成一樣
vi. 確定;認(rèn)同
過(guò)去分詞:identified
現(xiàn)在分詞:identifying
過(guò)去式:identified
第三人稱單數(shù):identifies
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experience ?n. 經(jīng)驗(yàn);經(jīng)歷;往事
v. 經(jīng)歷;感受
過(guò)去分詞:experienced
現(xiàn)在分詞:experiencing
過(guò)去式:experienced
復(fù)數(shù):experiences
第三人稱單數(shù):experiences
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relevant ?adj. 相關(guān)的;合適的;有意義的
副詞:relevantly
名詞:relevance
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audience ?n. 觀眾;聽眾;讀者;接見;會(huì)見
復(fù)數(shù):audiences
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understand??v. 明白,理解;了解;得知;默認(rèn);領(lǐng)會(huì);懂(某種語(yǔ)言)
過(guò)去分詞:understood
現(xiàn)在分詞:understanding
過(guò)去式:understood
第三人稱單數(shù):understands
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situation ?n. 情況;地理位置;職業(yè)
復(fù)數(shù):situations
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sympathy ?n. 同情;支持,贊同;志同道合
復(fù)數(shù):sympathies
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depend ?v. 取決于;依賴
過(guò)去分詞:depended
現(xiàn)在分詞:depending
過(guò)去式:depended
第三人稱單數(shù):depends
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address ?n. 地址,位置;網(wǎng)址;演說(shuō)
v. 寫(收信人)姓名地址;解決,處理;演講;向…說(shuō)話;稱呼
過(guò)去分詞:addressed
現(xiàn)在分詞:addressing
過(guò)去式:addressed
復(fù)數(shù):addresses
第三人稱單數(shù):addresses
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different??adj. 有差別的,分別的;各種的;與眾不同的
副詞:differently
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refer ?v. 提及;涉及;稱作;參考;轉(zhuǎn)醫(yī)院;送交;推薦;指引;描述
過(guò)去分詞:referred
現(xiàn)在分詞:referring
過(guò)去式:referred
第三人稱單數(shù):refers
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disorganize??vt. 打亂…的步驟或安排
n. 計(jì)劃混亂
adj. 組織混亂的,無(wú)系統(tǒng)的,雜亂無(wú)章的
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method ?n. 方法;有條不紊
復(fù)數(shù):methods
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alternative ?n. 可供選擇的事物
adj. 替代的,備選的;另類的
復(fù)數(shù):alternatives
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secretary??n. 秘書;書記員;助理;部長(zhǎng)
復(fù)數(shù):secretaries
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comment??v. 發(fā)表意見
n. 評(píng)論;解釋;批評(píng);寫照
過(guò)去分詞:commented
現(xiàn)在分詞:commenting
過(guò)去式:commented
復(fù)數(shù):comments
第三人稱單數(shù):comments
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example ?n. 例子;范例;榜樣
復(fù)數(shù):examples
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convention ?n. 習(xí)俗,慣例;公約;大會(huì); (藝術(shù)等)傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)格
復(fù)數(shù):conventions
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audience ?n. 觀眾;聽眾;讀者;接見;會(huì)見
復(fù)數(shù):audiences
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share ?v. 共有,合用;分享;分擔(dān);分?jǐn)偅煌?;有共同之處;向…訴說(shuō)
n. (應(yīng)得或應(yīng)承擔(dān)的)一份;股份,股票
過(guò)去分詞:shared
現(xiàn)在分詞:sharing
過(guò)去式:shared
復(fù)數(shù):shares
第三人稱單數(shù):shares
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heave ?vt. 舉起;投擲;使起伏;嘔吐
vt.& vi. 喘息;嘔吐
vi. 起伏;(山丘等)隆起;拖;氣喘
n. 舉起;波動(dòng);隆起;嘔吐
過(guò)去分詞:heaved
現(xiàn)在分詞:heaving
過(guò)去式:heaved
第三人稱單數(shù):heaves
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accommodation ?n. 住處,辦公處;住宿;調(diào)解;(樓房或交通工具內(nèi)的)空間,座位
復(fù)數(shù):accommodations
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garden ?n. 花園,菜園;公園;供應(yīng)點(diǎn)心的露天設(shè)施;大型公共禮堂
vt. 造園,開辟(一小片土地)作為花園;以花園裝飾
vi. 從事園藝
過(guò)去分詞:gardened
現(xiàn)在分詞:gardening
過(guò)去式:gardened
復(fù)數(shù):gardens
第三人稱單數(shù):gardens
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sunny??adj. 和煦的:照到陽(yáng)光的;快活的,性情開朗親切的
比較級(jí):sunnier
最高級(jí):sunniest
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peaceful??adj. 和平的;平和的;寧?kù)o的;尋求和平的
副詞:peacefully
名詞:peacefulness
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polite??adj. 有禮貌的;應(yīng)酬的;上流的
副詞:politely
比較級(jí):politer
最高級(jí):politest
名詞:politeness
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suddenly ?adv. 意外地,忽然地;出乎意料;霍然
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push ?v. 推(進(jìn));按;力勸;督促;迫使…(生氣);推銷;販賣;挺近;推行;冒險(xiǎn)
n. 推;進(jìn)攻;堅(jiān)定的努力;激勵(lì)
過(guò)去分詞:pushed
現(xiàn)在分詞:pushing
過(guò)去式:pushed
第三人稱單數(shù):pushes
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aside ?adv. 到旁邊;留出;不顧,撇開;除…外
n. 旁白;題外話;竊語(yǔ)
復(fù)數(shù):asides
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rush ?v. 猛沖;急忙送;趕緊做;突襲
n. 沖;匆忙;忙碌;情緒迸發(fā);爭(zhēng)做;高峰期;燈芯草;樣片
過(guò)去分詞:rushed
現(xiàn)在分詞:rushing
過(guò)去式:rushed
第三人稱單數(shù):rushes
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grab ?v. 攫?。粨寠Z;抓?。C(jī)會(huì));匆忙??;賺取
n. 攫取,爭(zhēng)?。蛔ト〉膱D像
過(guò)去分詞:grabbed
現(xiàn)在分詞:grabbing
過(guò)去式:grabbed
復(fù)數(shù):grabs
第三人稱單數(shù):grabs
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stomp ?v. 跺腳,重踩;踐踏
過(guò)去分詞:stomped
現(xiàn)在分詞:stomping
過(guò)去式:stomped
第三人稱單數(shù):stomps
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table ?n. 表,目錄;桌子,臺(tái)子;乘法表
v. 正式提出;擱置(提案、計(jì)劃)
現(xiàn)在分詞:tabling
過(guò)去式:tabled
復(fù)數(shù):tables
第三人稱單數(shù):tables
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position ?n. 位置;姿勢(shì);地位;職位;名次;處境;立場(chǎng);陣地
v. 安放;定位;駐扎
過(guò)去分詞:positioned
現(xiàn)在分詞:positioning
過(guò)去式:positioned
復(fù)數(shù):positions
第三人稱單數(shù):positions
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experience ?n. 經(jīng)驗(yàn);經(jīng)歷;往事
v. 經(jīng)歷;感受
過(guò)去分詞:experienced
現(xiàn)在分詞:experiencing
過(guò)去式:experienced
復(fù)數(shù):experiences
第三人稱單數(shù):experiences
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problem ?n. 問(wèn)題;習(xí)題
adj. 有嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題的;找麻煩的
復(fù)數(shù):problems
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common ?adj. 常見的;共有的;共同的;普通的;平凡的;眾所周知的;粗俗的
n. 公共用地;公共食堂
比較級(jí):commoner
最高級(jí):commonest
復(fù)數(shù):commons
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appropriate ?adj. 常見的;共有的;共同的;普通的;平凡的;眾所周知的;粗俗的
n. 公共用地;公共食堂
比較級(jí):commoner
最高級(jí):commonest
復(fù)數(shù):commons
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passing ?adj. 經(jīng)過(guò)的,路過(guò)的;短暫的;及格的;正在發(fā)生的
n. 經(jīng)過(guò),通過(guò);經(jīng)過(guò)之處,通過(guò)的手段;死亡
v. 走過(guò)( pass的現(xiàn)在分詞)
復(fù)數(shù):passings
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remark ?n. 注意,觀察;話語(yǔ);評(píng)論,談?wù)?/span>
vt.& vi. 評(píng)論;覺(jué)察
過(guò)去分詞:remarked
現(xiàn)在分詞:remarking
過(guò)去式:remarked
復(fù)數(shù):remarks
第三人稱單數(shù):remarks
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inedible??adj. 不能吃的,不適合食用的
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canteen ?n. 食堂;餐廳;水壺;餐具盒
復(fù)數(shù):canteens
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notorious ?adj. 臭名昭著的;臭名遠(yuǎn)揚(yáng)的;聲名狼藉的;惡名昭著
副詞:notoriously
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taste ?n. 味道;味覺(jué);一小口;體驗(yàn);品味;愛好
v. 嘗出/有…味道;品嘗
過(guò)去分詞:tasted
現(xiàn)在分詞:tasting
過(guò)去式:tasted
復(fù)數(shù):tastes
第三人稱單數(shù):tastes
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audience ?n. 觀眾;聽眾;讀者;接見;會(huì)見
復(fù)數(shù):audiences
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attempt??v. 努力,嘗試,企圖
n. 努力,嘗試,(殺人)企圖
過(guò)去分詞:attempted
現(xiàn)在分詞:attempting
過(guò)去式:attempted
復(fù)數(shù):attempts
第三人稱單數(shù):attempts
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resent ?vt. 對(duì)…感到憤怒;怨恨;憤恨;厭惡
過(guò)去分詞:resented
現(xiàn)在分詞:resenting
過(guò)去式:resented
第三人稱單數(shù):resents
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outsider ?n. 局外人,圈外人;無(wú)取勝希望者;(比賽中的)冷門選手
復(fù)數(shù):outsiders
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disparaging ?adj. 輕蔑的,毀謗的
v. 輕視( disparage的現(xiàn)在分詞 );貶低;批評(píng);非難
副詞:disparagingly
名詞:disparagement
動(dòng)詞:disparage
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ground??n. 地面,土地;基礎(chǔ);范圍;陣地,戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)
vi. 擱淺,停飛;著陸
vt. 把…放在地上;在…的基礎(chǔ)樹立上;交給…基本知識(shí);使…受初步訓(xùn)練
v. grind的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞
adj. 磨細(xì)的;磨碎的
過(guò)去分詞:grounded
現(xiàn)在分詞:grounding
過(guò)去式:grounded
復(fù)數(shù):grounds
第三人稱單數(shù):grounds
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stick ?n. 枯枝;棍,棒(狀物); 批評(píng),指責(zé)
v. 刺,戳;粘貼,附著在;容忍;被證明成立;放置;附著于;固定不動(dòng)
過(guò)去分詞:stuck
現(xiàn)在分詞:sticking
過(guò)去式:stuck
復(fù)數(shù):sticks
第三人稱單數(shù):sticks
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scapegoat ?n. 代人受過(guò)的人,替罪羊;替身
復(fù)數(shù):scapegoats
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telephone ?n. 電話;電話機(jī);(電話機(jī)的)話筒;受話器
vt.& vi. 以電話傳送(消息),給(某人)打電話;用電話與(某人)交談
過(guò)去分詞:telephoned
現(xiàn)在分詞:telephoning
過(guò)去式:telephoned
復(fù)數(shù):telephones
第三人稱單數(shù):telephones
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awkward ?adj. 使人尷尬的;棘手的;難使用的;不方便的;危險(xiǎn)的;難攜帶的;笨拙的;別扭的;害羞的;不可理喻的;難相處的
副詞:awkwardly
名詞:awkwardness
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humorous ?adj. 滑稽的
副詞:humorously
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practice ?n. 常規(guī);實(shí)踐;習(xí)俗;訓(xùn)練;工作;診所,事務(wù)所
v. 練習(xí)
過(guò)去分詞:practiced
現(xiàn)在分詞:practicing
過(guò)去式:practiced
復(fù)數(shù):practices
第三人稱單數(shù):practices
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natural ?adj. 自然的;意料之中的;出于本性的;天賦的;輕松自如的;天然的;親生的;非婚生的;本位音的
n. 有天賦的人
復(fù)數(shù):naturals
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include ?v. 包括;把…列為…的一部分
過(guò)去分詞:included
現(xiàn)在分詞:including
過(guò)去式:included
第三人稱單數(shù):includes
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apparent ?adj. 明顯的,顯而易見的;表面上的
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deliver ?v. 發(fā)表;宣布;遞送;交付;運(yùn)載;履行;不負(fù)眾望;托付;接生;投擲;把…瞄準(zhǔn);給予(打擊);解救
過(guò)去分詞:delivered
現(xiàn)在分詞:delivering
過(guò)去式:delivered
第三人稱單數(shù):delivers
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unforced ?adj. 非被強(qiáng)迫的;自然的;不勉強(qiáng)的;不費(fèi)力的
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delivery??n. 遞送(商品);分娩;投遞的;演說(shuō)風(fēng)格
復(fù)數(shù):deliveries
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eyebrow??n. 眉(毛)
復(fù)數(shù):eyebrows
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expect ?v. 預(yù)期;盼望;料想;指望;懷孕
過(guò)去分詞:expected
現(xiàn)在分詞:expecting
過(guò)去式:expected
第三人稱單數(shù):expects
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familiar ?adj. 熟悉的;通曉;隨便的;過(guò)分親昵的
復(fù)數(shù):familiars
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quote ?vt.& vi. 引述,引用
vt. 報(bào)價(jià);引述
vi. 引用
n. 引用;報(bào)價(jià);引號(hào)
過(guò)去分詞:quoted
現(xiàn)在分詞:quoting
過(guò)去式:quoted
復(fù)數(shù):quotes
第三人稱單數(shù):quotes
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exaggeration ?n. 夸張,夸大
復(fù)數(shù):exaggerations
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understatement ?n. 保守的陳述;輕描淡寫
復(fù)數(shù):understatements
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pick ?v. 挑選;采;剔除
n. 挑選;選中的人/事物;精華;鎬;撥片
過(guò)去分詞:picked
現(xiàn)在分詞:picking
過(guò)去式:picked
復(fù)數(shù):picks
第三人稱單數(shù):picks
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sentence ?n. 句子;判斷,宣判
v. 判決;宣判;判刑
過(guò)去分詞:sentenced
現(xiàn)在分詞:sentencing
過(guò)去式:sentenced
復(fù)數(shù):sentences
第三人稱單數(shù):sentences
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