陰盛陽衰，

中國學(xué)校急招男性教師“拯救”男孩

Wanted in China: More Male Teachers,

?to Make Boys Men

FUZHOU, China — The history class began with a lesson on?being manly.

中國福州――歷史課以如何表現(xiàn)男子氣概作為開始。

Lin Wei, 27, one of?a handful of?male sixth-grade teachers at a primary school here, has?made a habit of?telling stories about warlords who threw witches into rivers and soldiers who?outsmarted?Japanese troops.?“Men have special duties,”?he said. “They have to be brave, protect women and?take responsibility for wrongdoing.”

27歲的林偉（音）是這個小學(xué)六年級教師中屈指可數(shù)的幾位男教師之一，他上課時喜歡講一些故事，比如把巫婆投進(jìn)河水的軍閥，還有智勝日本軍隊(duì)的中國軍人?！澳腥艘袚?dān)當(dāng)，”他說?！八麄円赂?，要保護(hù)女人，要為自己的錯誤承擔(dān)責(zé)任?！?/p>

1、hisory class 歷史課（名詞修飾名詞）? math class? 數(shù)學(xué)課

?? i.e. culture minister? 文化部長?? agriculture minister? 農(nóng)業(yè)部長

?? i.e. trade/commerce minister? 貿(mào)易部長

2、manly? 有男子漢氣概的?? womanly? 有陰柔美的

3、a handful of? 屈指可數(shù)的

4、primary school? 小學(xué)教育?? pre-school education? 學(xué)前教育

?? secondary education? 中等教育? higher/tertiary education? 高等教育

?? primary industry? 第一產(chǎn)業(yè)?? secondary industry? 第二產(chǎn)業(yè)

?? tertiary industry? 第三產(chǎn)業(yè)

?? tertiary? 特殊含義為高等的；高級別的? tertiary hospital? 三甲醫(yī)院

5、make a habit of doing sth.? 形成了一個習(xí)慣；成了慣例

?? make a point of doing sth.? 刻意的；專門的；專程的

?? i.e. ...make a point of visiting Jingjing. 專程拜訪京晶。

6、warlord? 軍閥

7、outsmart? 智??；智力超過... outnumber? 數(shù)量超過... outweigh? 大于；重于

?? i.e. Female teachers outnumbered male teachers. 女教師數(shù)量超過男教師。

?? i.e. Female teacher outnumbered counterparts. 女教師數(shù)量超過男教師。

?? i.e. ...pros outweigh cons....? 利大于弊

?? i.e. ...merit outweigh demerit....? 優(yōu)勢多于劣勢

8、special duties? 特殊的擔(dān)當(dāng)??? responsible? 有責(zé)任的；有擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

?? i.e. He is a very responsible man.? 他是一個有擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)娜恕?/p>

?? make irresponsible remark? 說三道四

9、take responsibility for sth.? 為某事承擔(dān)責(zé)任

??? be responsible to sb. ?對某人負(fù)責(zé)

i.e. We are responsible to our people.? 我們要對我們的人民負(fù)責(zé)。

補(bǔ)充：accountable/accountability? 問責(zé)制；責(zé)任追究制

i.e.? hold sb. accountable for sth.? 唯你是問

i.e.? hold sb. to account for sth.? 唯你是問

Worried that?a shortage of male teachers has?produced?a generation of timid,?self-centered?and?effeminate?boys, Chinese educators are working to reinforce traditional gender roles and values in the classroom.

中國教育者擔(dān)心缺乏男教師會造就一代怯懦、自我中心、娘娘腔的男孩，他們努力在課堂上鞏固傳統(tǒng)性別角色和價值觀。

In Zhengzhou, a city on the Yellow River, schools have asked boys to?sign pledges?to act like “real men.” In Shanghai, principals are trying?boys-only?classes with courses like martial arts, computer repair and physics. In Hangzhou,?in eastern China, educators have started a summer camp called West Point Boys,?complete with?taekwondo classes and the motto,?“We bring out the men in boys.”

在黃河邊上的鄭州，學(xué)校要求男孩子們簽署保證書，行為舉止要像“真正的男人”。在上海，校長們在嘗試開設(shè)專門的男生班，教武術(shù)、電腦維修和物理之類課程。在中國東部的杭州，教育者開辦了名為“西點(diǎn)男孩”的夏令營，開設(shè)跆拳道之類課程，還有這樣一句營訓(xùn)：“我們把男孩變成男人”。

1、worried that? 形容詞短語放句首，給出事實(shí)背景，表明因果。譯為：因?yàn)閾?dān)心，所以...

2、produce? 催生；造就

3、timid? 膽怯的

4、self-centered? 自私自利的

5、effeminate? 陰柔的

6、reinforce? 加強(qiáng)

7、a city on the Yellow River? 黃河邊上的

?? on the river bank?? 在河岸上；在和邊上

8、sign pledge? 簽承諾書；簽保證書

9、principal? 校長

10、boys-only class? 男生班?? staff only? 閑人免進(jìn)

women only? 女士專用?? teachers only? 教師專用

11、martial arts? 武術(shù)

12、computer repair? 電腦維修

13、physics? 物理

14、in eastern China? 中國東部

??? 中國城市問“方名”，即方位+名稱? i.e. in Hangzhou, in eastern China’s Zhejiang province./ in eastern China’s Zhejiang province...

15、summer camp? 夏令營

16、complete? with? 配備有；裝備有? sth. is complete...

i.e. This apartment complete with ..... 公寓配備有....

17、motto? 營訓(xùn)

18、We bring out the men in boys? 培養(yǎng)男孩子的男子氣概。

??? i.e. We bring out the ladies in girls. 培養(yǎng)女孩子的淑女氣質(zhì)。

? ??bring out the best in sb. ?把某人的才華充分施展出來

??? i.e. I’ll bring out the best in you. 我會把你的優(yōu)秀潛能挖掘出來。

Education officials across China are?aggressively recruiting?male teachers, as the Chinese news media?warns of?a need to “salvage masculinity in schools.” The call for more?male-oriented?education has?prompted?a broader debate about gender equality and social identity at a time when the country’s leaders are?seeking to?make the labor market?more meritocratic.

中國的新聞媒體警告，學(xué)校需要“搶救男人氣概”，與此同時，中國各地的教育官員正在積極招募男教師。在中國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人致力于讓勞動力市場更加注重人才的時候，增加男性化教育的呼聲已經(jīng)引發(fā)了一場關(guān)于性別平等和社會認(rèn)同的廣泛討論。

It also reflects a general anxiety about boys in Chinese society. While boys?outnumber?girls as a result of?the longstanding one-child policy?and a?cultural preference for sons,?they consistently?lag in academic performance. Some parents worry about their sons’ prospects in an uncertain economy, so they are putting their hopes in male role models who they believe?impart lessons on assertiveness, courage and sacrifice.

這也反映了中國社會關(guān)于男孩的普遍焦慮。由于長期的計(jì)劃生育政策，以及傳統(tǒng)文化對男孩的偏愛，中國的男孩遠(yuǎn)多于女孩，但他們的學(xué)業(yè)表現(xiàn)往往相對落后。有些父母擔(dān)心兒子們在不確定的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境中的前程，于是寄希望于男性榜樣力量，認(rèn)為這些榜樣可以教會男孩堅(jiān)定、果敢，有犧牲精神。

The view that there is an?overabundance?of female teachers that has had a negative effect on boys has, perhaps predictably, led to a?backlash. Parents have accused schools of?propagating?rigid concepts of?masculinity?and gender norms, and female educators have?denounced?efforts to attract more male teachers with?lavish perks as sexist.

認(rèn)為女教師過多，對男孩產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面作用，這種觀點(diǎn)自然引起了反對。有家長指責(zé)學(xué)校宣揚(yáng)關(guān)于男性作風(fēng)和性別規(guī)范的僵化概念；也有女性教育者抨擊以豐厚待遇吸引更多男教師的做法，認(rèn)為這是一種性別歧視。

1、aggressively?? a. 咄咄逼人的；有侵略性的；b.積極地；進(jìn)取地

2、salvage? 挽救

3、masculinity? 男子氣概

4、call? 呼聲

5、male-oriented?? 男性化教育；面向男性的教育

?? market-oriented economy? 面向市場化經(jīng)濟(jì)

?? future-oriented?? 面向未來的

6、prompt 迫使? prompt sb. to do sth.? 迫使某人做某事，通常為不好的事情

?? i.e. This has prompted local government to do... 迫使當(dāng)?shù)卣龀?..

?? i.e. High hous prices has prompted many chinese people to buy house abroad.

?? 高房價迫使許多中國人在國外買房。

?? 補(bǔ)充：polluters pay? 誰污染，誰治理

7、seek to do sth.? 努力；致力于= look to do sth.= work to do sth.= try to do sth.=strive to do sth.= aim to do sth.

8、meritocratic? 精英

1、 Chinese society? 中國社會= in China’s society

China’s economy? 中國經(jīng)濟(jì)= Chinese economy

2、longstanding ?長期的?? long term? 再長也有期限

? i.e. longstanding stability? 長期穩(wěn)定 = enduring stability

?? i.e. longstanding friendship?? 淵源流長的友誼

3、cultural preference for sons? 重男輕女= prefer sons(boys) to daughters (girls)

prefer A to B? 選A不選B

4、lag? 落后?? lag behind sb. 落在誰的后邊 ?lag in? 在...方面落后

5、academic performance? 學(xué)習(xí)成績?? underperform?? 表現(xiàn)不佳

6、prospects? 前途

7、impart lessons? 授課= teach lessons = offer lessons

?? impart knowledge to sb. ?把知識傳授給某人

8、assertiveness? 堅(jiān)定的；自信的?? 外刊翻譯俄羅斯用此詞表示強(qiáng)硬的

9、courage? 果敢

10、sacrifice? 有犧牲精神

1、 overabundance? 過多的；過于豐富的?

i.e.? sth. is available in abundance = redundant? 過多的；冗余的

2、backlash? 反對? i.e. grow backlash against globalization? 反全球化熱潮

3、propagating? 宣傳? propaganda? 政治宣傳?? publicity department? 宣傳部

4、denounced? 指責(zé)；譴責(zé)? denounce sth. as...對...嗤之以鼻

5、lavish? 豐厚的

6、perk? 除工資以外的福利?

今日課堂要點(diǎn)概括：

1，staff only/boys-only/ women only 等，

正說反譯，反說正譯

2，Prompt 通常是指 不好的，迫使某人去做某事

3，out前綴，指超出，超量

4，Aggressive/Assertive 根據(jù)不同的語境進(jìn)行翻譯，

有不同的色彩