?u

As covered in Weather,??u?is used to introduce a question. For example:

?u在天氣篇里面講過(guò)，它用來(lái)引入疑問(wèn)。例如：

• ?u?vi volas danci??=?Do?you want to dance?（你想跳舞嗎？）

• ?u?vi amas ?in a? min??=?Do?you love her or me?（你愛(ài)我還是他？）

In the middle of a sentence,??u?means "whether". For example:

?u放在句子的中間的時(shí)候，?u的意思是“是否”：

?i demandas min,??u?mi volas danci.
She asks me?whether?I want to dance.
(or: She asks me if I want to dance.)

她問(wèn)我是否想跳舞

?i volas scii,??u?mi parolas Esperanton.
She wants to know?whether?I speak Esperanto.
(or: She wants to know if I speak Esperanto.)

她想知道我是否會(huì)說(shuō)世界語(yǔ)

Note that in English we often use the word "if" interchangeably with "whether", as in the examples above, but in Esperanto this is not correct. We can never use the word "se" (if) in place of the word??u.

注意：就像上述例子一樣，我們?cè)谟⒄Z(yǔ)中常使用“if”來(lái)代替“whether”。但是在世界語(yǔ)中，我們不能用“se”來(lái)代替“?u”

Correlatives ending in?-u

以-u結(jié)尾的表解詞

The correlatives ending in?-u?(kiu,?tiu, etc.) usually come before a noun. Notice how they take?-j?and?-n?endings just like adjectives. For example:

這種表解詞常常在名詞的前面，它們和形容詞一樣，要加上-n和-j

Kiun?libron vi legas?
Which?book are you reading?

你在看那本書(shū)？

Mi volas legi?tiujn?librojn.
I want to read?those?books.

我想看那些書(shū)

They appear without a noun only if the context makes what is being talked about clear. For example:

只有在提及的物體是明確的情況下，這類表解詞的后面才不會(huì)出現(xiàn)名詞。例如：

Jen kelkaj bonaj libroj.?Kiun?[libron] vi volas legi?
Here are some good books.?Which?[book] would you like to read?

這是一些好書(shū)。你想看那一本？

Without other information, assume that?kiu?and?tiu?(and any other correlative ending in?-u) refer to a person. For example:

若沒(méi)有其他信息，kiu和tiu（還有其他以-u結(jié)尾的表解詞）指代的是人

Kiu?venas??=?Who?is coming?

誰(shuí)來(lái)了？

Kio?estas?tio??Tio?estas libro.
What?is?that??That?is a book.

那是什么？那是一本書(shū)

Kiu?estas?via libro? Mia libro estas?tiu.
Which?is?your book? My book is?that one.

哪本書(shū)是你的？我的書(shū)是那一本

Kion?vi volas? Mi volas?tion.
What?do you want? I want?that.

你想要什么？我想要那個(gè)

Kiun?vi volas? Mi volas?tiun.
Which?do you want? I want?that one.

你想要哪個(gè)？我想要那個(gè)

Kiujn?vi volas? Mi volas?tiujn.
Which ones?do you want? I want?those.

你想要那些？我想要那些

Kio or Kiu?

Kio還是Kiu?

Should it be?Kio?estas via nomo? OR?Kiu?estas via nomo? Both forms are correct, though with different shades of meaning. With?Kiu?the question actually means "Which is your name?" (that is, which one out of an imagined list of names is yours?) With?Kio?the question simply means "What is your name?". The same consideration applies to similar questions, such as?Kio/Kiu estas via adreso??and?Kio/Kiu estas la dato?

是說(shuō)“Kio?estas via nomo?” 還是 “Kiu?estas via nomo?”呢？這兩種說(shuō)法都對(duì)，只是通過(guò)不同的角度去表達(dá)而已。Kiu開(kāi)頭的那句就像是有個(gè)人拿著一份名單問(wèn)你：“哪一個(gè)是你的名字？”。而Kio開(kāi)頭的只是簡(jiǎn)單地問(wèn)你：“你叫什么名字？”。類似的疑問(wèn)也和上述的表達(dá)用法差不多，例如Kio/Kiu estas via adreso? （你的地址是什么？）和 Kio/Kiu estas la dato?（今天幾號(hào)？）

?i

?i?expresses close proximity when used immediately before or after?ti-?words. For example:

?i 放在ti-的表解詞的前面/后面的時(shí)候表達(dá)的是接近，鄰近的意思

Note:?Since??i?can go before or after?ti-?words, these are also valid:?tie ?i,?tiu ?i,?tio ?i.

因?yàn)?i可以放在ti-開(kāi)頭的表解詞的前面或后面，所以tie ?i,?tiu ?i,?tio ?i都是正確的

Kien? Tien

Adding?-n?to?kie?or?tie?shows movement towards a place. For example:

在kie/tie后面加上賓格n表示“向著一個(gè)地方運(yùn)動(dòng)”，例如：

Kie?vi estas? Mi estas??i tie.
Where?are you? I am?here.

你在哪？我在這

Kien?vi iras? Mi iras?tien.
To where?are you going? I am going?to there.

你要去哪？我要去那里

Note that the "to" is usually dropped in English, so this would be translated as "Where are you going? I am going there." Due to this lack of distinction in English, many English speakers have trouble remembering to add?-n?to?tie and?kie?when talking about movement towards a place.

注意：上面英語(yǔ)例句中的“to”通常會(huì)被省略掉，所以這句話可以翻譯為"Where are you going? I am going there."。正因?yàn)槿鄙倭诉@種區(qū)別，不少英語(yǔ)使用者容易忘記在表達(dá)向著一個(gè)地方移動(dòng)的時(shí)候在tie和kie后面加上賓格n。

Kiam

Kiam means "when".

kiam的意思是“when”（什么時(shí)候）

原文：www.duolingo.cn/skill/eo/Questions/tips-and-notes

翻譯：vanilo

2019/3/4???? 21:43