The two youths got into their boats,

Whose shadows floated about [on the water].

I think longingly of them,

And my heart is tossed about in uncertainty.

（ⅱ）

The two youths got into their boats,

Which floated away [on the stream].

I think longingly of them;-

Did they not come to harm?

五、理雅各版釋經(jīng)

0、緒言

Narrative.SURMISES AS TO THE DEATH OF TWO SONS OF DUKE SEUEN.

0.1、韻版緒言

It has been stated,on Ode Ⅸ..how Seuen Keang and Soh had plotted to clear the way for Soh's succession to the State by getting rid of Keih-taze,the proper heir.At last the duke was prevailed on to send him on a mission to Ts'e,having arrauged that he should be waylaid by ruffians, after he landed on the northern bank of the Ho.Show became aware of the scheme, told Keih-tsze of it,and advised him to escape to another State.Keih-tsze?declining to do this,the other took his boat,personated him,and was murdered by the ruffians.When Keih-tsze awoke,and found that Show was gone,he divined his object,took another boat,and followed him;crying out,as he drew near the ruffians,in language which must always recall to a western reader the words of Nisus,“Me,me!adsum qui feci;in me convertite ferrum.”It was too late.The ruffians,"that they might make no mistake,"murdered him also.The duke tried to conceal the facts,but the people here intimate their suspicions of the truth.

【山譯】根據(jù)邶風(fēng)第9篇《邶風(fēng)·匏有苦葉》的內(nèi)容可知本篇講的是：宣姜與公子朔欲合謀除掉衛(wèi)國(guó)的合法繼承人伋子，以掃除公子朔繼位的障礙。衛(wèi)宣公被說(shuō)動(dòng)后，命伋子去執(zhí)行一個(gè)任務(wù)，并派刺客于水上半途攔截殺害伋子。公子壽知道了這個(gè)陰謀后立刻告知兄長(zhǎng)伋子，希望他趕緊逃離他國(guó)，但伋子拒絕并甘愿赴死，于是公子壽灌醉伋子，自己冒充伋子乘坐其船執(zhí)行任務(wù)，果于半途被害。伋子蘇醒，察覺(jué)公子壽可能是要代替自己去死，于是趕緊乘船追趕公子壽，當(dāng)他見(jiàn)到刺客時(shí)，高聲喊道：“我才是你們要?dú)⒌膩匙印钡呀?jīng)太晚了，公子壽已經(jīng)被殺，刺客為了彌補(bǔ)錯(cuò)誤，立刻又擊殺了伋子。衛(wèi)宣公試圖隱瞞真相，但衛(wèi)人們并不傻，于是作此詩(shī)以表達(dá)懷疑。

0.2、散版緒言

See again the introductory note to ode 9.Seuen Keang and Soh,one of her sons,had long plotted to get rid of Keih-tsze,the duke's son by E Keang,to clear the way for Soh's succession to the State;and at last the duke was prevailed on to send him on a mission to Ts'e, having arranged beforehand that he should be waylaid by ruffians and murdered,soon after he landed on the northern bank of the Ho.Show,Seuen Keang's other son,became aware of this design,and as there was a close,brotherly,intimacy between him and Keih-tsze,he told him of it,and exhorted him to make his escape to another State.Keih-tsze being resolved to meet his fate rather than run away,the other made him drunk,took his boat,personated him,and was murdered by the ruffians;-thus endeavouring by the sacrifice of himself to save his brother.When Keih-tsze recovered from the effects of his intoxication,and found that Show was gone,he divined his object,and followed after him in another boat.It was too late.He approached the spot,crying out in language which must always recal to a western reader the words of Nisus,'Me,me!adsum qui feci;in me convertite ferrum.'But Show was already murdered,and the ruffians,'that they might make no mistake',put Keih-tsze to death also.The duke gave out that his sons had been killed by?bandits,but the people had their suspicions,and they are supposed to have expressed them enigmatically in the two verses of this ode.

【山譯】重看邶風(fēng)第9篇《邶風(fēng)·匏有苦葉》的注解，本篇講的是：宣姜和其子朔欲殺死衛(wèi)國(guó)的合法繼承人，夷姜所生的伋子，從而為公子朔的繼位掃除障礙。衛(wèi)宣公被二人說(shuō)服，于是命伋子執(zhí)行任務(wù)，并提前派人于黃河北岸埋伏以殺掉伋子。而這個(gè)陰謀被宣姜的另一個(gè)兒子壽獲悉，公子壽與伋子兄弟情深，于是公子壽將這個(gè)消息告訴了伋子并勸伋子趕緊逃往他國(guó)。但伋子拒絕了并打算慨然赴死，公子壽于是灌醉伋子后，自己冒充伋子乘坐伋子的船去執(zhí)行任務(wù)，其想以犧牲自己為代價(jià)拯救他的兄長(zhǎng)。等伋子蘇醒后，立刻意識(shí)到發(fā)生了什么，于是趕忙坐船追趕，當(dāng)他看到刺客后高聲喊道：“我才是你們要?dú)⒌膩匙印钡呀?jīng)太晚了，公子壽已經(jīng)被殺，刺客為了彌補(bǔ)錯(cuò)誤，立刻又擊殺了伋子。衛(wèi)宣公謊稱(chēng)伋子和公子壽是盜賊殺死的，但是衛(wèi)人表示懷疑，于是通過(guò)這首詩(shī)表達(dá)質(zhì)疑。

【山注】前情：衛(wèi)莊公采用一文一武的模式重點(diǎn)培養(yǎng)衛(wèi)桓公和衛(wèi)州吁兩個(gè)兒子，但莊公薨逝傳位于桓公后，州吁極不甘心，于是弒兄篡權(quán)，篡奪了衛(wèi)桓公之位。但此暴行引起了衛(wèi)人的強(qiáng)烈不滿，于是在衛(wèi)國(guó)大臣石碏的帶領(lǐng)下，衛(wèi)人與陳國(guó)合作，斬殺了州吁，撥亂反正。此時(shí)衛(wèi)莊公重點(diǎn)培養(yǎng)的兩個(gè)兒子桓公、州吁全死了，衛(wèi)人只能擁立好色無(wú)恥又無(wú)能的衛(wèi)宣公，于是春秋史上最齷齪的君主就這樣出現(xiàn)了。

【山注】提要：衛(wèi)宣公好色無(wú)恥，其父莊公尚在時(shí)，就與庶母夷姜亂倫，生子伋子，衛(wèi)宣公繼位后立伋子為世子儲(chǔ)君。伋子成人后，衛(wèi)宣公為伋子向齊僖公求娶衛(wèi)宣姜，但當(dāng)婚車(chē)出發(fā)后，衛(wèi)宣公得知衛(wèi)宣姜比夷姜還漂亮，于是就偷梁換柱的將宣姜的婚車(chē)指引到自己的寢宮中，直接生米煮成熟飯，然后建新臺(tái)以金屋藏嬌。衛(wèi)宣姜之后生公子壽和公子朔。其中公子壽品行高潔與伋子兄弟情深，而公子朔卑鄙無(wú)恥，一直覬覦衛(wèi)君之位。而衛(wèi)宣公做賊心虛一直擔(dān)心伋子會(huì)報(bào)奪妻之仇，于是就生出了弒子之心，之后衛(wèi)宣公和公子朔一拍即合。兩人設(shè)計(jì)，命伋子出使齊國(guó)，但在行舟的半路上派刺客刺殺伋子。這個(gè)陰謀被公子壽查知，于是提前告訴伋子，讓其先去國(guó)外躲一躲，但是伋子認(rèn)為君要臣死臣不得不死，于是決定慨然赴死，而公子壽不忍伋子蒙難，于是灌醉伋子，冒充其出使齊國(guó)，于半路被殺害。伋子蘇醒后，立刻明白了公子壽的想法，立刻駕船追趕，見(jiàn)到刺客后方知已晚，于是與弟同死。伋子與公子壽死后，衛(wèi)宣公立公子朔為世子，后公子朔繼位是為衛(wèi)惠公。

【山注】后續(xù)：衛(wèi)惠公雖然繼位，但得國(guó)不正，于是衛(wèi)人驅(qū)逐衛(wèi)惠公改立伋子胞弟公子黔牟為君，衛(wèi)惠公出奔齊，而此時(shí)齊國(guó)執(zhí)政的乃是春秋歷史上另一個(gè)好色無(wú)恥的君主齊襄公，齊襄公竟命衛(wèi)宣姜改嫁新君公子黔牟的胞弟，也就是曾經(jīng)宣姜的庶子昭伯，以維護(hù)齊衛(wèi)關(guān)系，后宣姜與昭伯生齊子、戴公、文公、宋桓夫人與許穆夫人。等衛(wèi)新君對(duì)齊國(guó)放松警惕時(shí)，齊襄公忽然出手驅(qū)逐公子黔牟，重復(fù)衛(wèi)惠公之位。衛(wèi)惠公生子衛(wèi)懿公，衛(wèi)懿公比衛(wèi)惠公還不靠譜，直接導(dǎo)致衛(wèi)國(guó)被戎狄所滅，后殘余的衛(wèi)人拋棄惠公懿公一脈，改為擁立伋子、黔牟、昭伯一脈，于是宣姜與昭伯所生的戴公、文公先后繼位。后許穆夫人賦《載馳》請(qǐng)齊桓公出馬再次封衛(wèi)，衛(wèi)國(guó)才得以重新復(fù)國(guó)。

【山錄】《史記·衛(wèi)康叔世家》——十八年，初，宣公愛(ài)夫人夷姜，夷姜生子伋jí，以為太子，而令右公子傅之。右公子為太子取齊女，未入室，而宣公見(jiàn)所欲為太子?jì)D者好，說(shuō)而自取之，更為太子取他女。宣公得齊女，生子壽、子朔，令左公子傅之。太子伋母死，宣公正夫人與朔共讒惡太子伋。宣公自以其奪太子妻也，心惡太子，欲廢之。及聞其惡，大怒，乃使太子伋于齊而令盜遮界上殺之。與太子白旄，而告界盜見(jiàn)持白旄者殺之。且行，子朔之兄壽，太子異母弟也，知朔之惡太子而君欲殺之，乃謂太子曰：“界盜見(jiàn)太子白旄，即殺太子，太子可毋行。”太子曰：“逆父命求生，不可?！彼煨?。壽見(jiàn)太子不止，乃盜其白旄而先馳至界。界盜見(jiàn)其驗(yàn)，即殺之。壽已死，而太子伋又至，謂盜曰：“所當(dāng)殺乃我也?！北I并殺太子伋，以報(bào)宣公。宣公乃以子朔為太子。十九年，宣公卒，太子朔立，是為惠公。

【山錄】《左傳·桓公十六年》——初，衛(wèi)宣公烝于夷姜，生急子，屬諸右公子。為之娶于齊，而美，公取之，生壽及朔，屬壽于左公子。夷姜縊。宣姜與公子朔構(gòu)急子。公使諸齊，使盜待諸莘，將殺之。壽子告之，使行。不可，曰：“棄父之命，惡用子矣！有無(wú)父之國(guó)則可也?！奔靶?，飲以酒，壽子載其旌以先，盜殺之。急子至，曰：“我之求也。此何罪？請(qǐng)殺我乎！”又殺之。二公子故怨惠公。

【山錄】《列女傳·衛(wèi)宣公姜》——宣姜者，齊侯之女，衛(wèi)宣公之夫人也。初，宣公夫人夷姜生急子，以為太子，又娶于齊，曰宣姜，生壽及朔。夷姜既死，宣姜欲立壽，乃與壽弟朔謀構(gòu)急子。公使急子之齊，宣姜乃陰使力士待之界上而殺之，曰：“有四馬白旄至者，必要?dú)⒅！眽勐勚?，以告太子曰：“太子其避之?！奔弊釉唬骸安豢?。夫棄父之命，則惡用子也！”壽度太子必行，乃與太子飲，奪之旄而行，盜殺之。急子醒，求旄不得，遽往追之，壽已死矣。急子痛壽為己死，乃謂盜曰：“所欲殺者乃我也，此何罪，請(qǐng)殺我?！北I又殺之。二子既死，朔遂立為太子，宣公薨，朔立是為惠公，竟終無(wú)后，亂及五世，至戴公而后寧。詩(shī)云：“乃如之人，德音無(wú)良?！贝酥^也。頌曰：衛(wèi)之宣姜，謀危太子，欲立子壽，陰設(shè)力士，壽乃俱死，衛(wèi)果危殆，五世不寧，亂由姜起。

1、二子乘舟，汎汎其景。愿言思子，中心養(yǎng)養(yǎng)！

【韻譯】The two youths went into their boats, /?Whose shadow on the water floats. / What evil to them came？ / Anxious and wondering,long we muse; / Our hearts are tossed with tossing views. / Some one must be to blame.

【散譯】The two youths got into their boats,?/ Whose shadows floated about [on the water].?/ I think longingly of them,?/ And my heart is tossed about in uncertainty.

1.1、St.1.The 二子 are Show and Keih-tsze.

【山譯】“二子”指的是衛(wèi)宣公長(zhǎng)子伋子和次子壽。

【山注】長(zhǎng)子伋子也做急子，為衛(wèi)宣公與其父莊公之妾夷姜亂倫所生，并且根據(jù)時(shí)間推算，衛(wèi)宣公亂倫時(shí)，其父衛(wèi)莊公尚在世。伋子出生后先被衛(wèi)宣公立為衛(wèi)國(guó)世子儲(chǔ)君，但之后衛(wèi)宣公扒灰原應(yīng)嫁給伋子的兒媳衛(wèi)宣姜，因擔(dān)心伋子繼位后反攻倒算，就做賊心虛的勾結(jié)三子衛(wèi)惠公朔暗殺了伋子。

【山注】次子壽，為衛(wèi)宣公扒灰原兒媳衛(wèi)宣姜所生第一子，衛(wèi)宣公擔(dān)心長(zhǎng)子伋子繼位后會(huì)因奪妻之恨而反攻倒算，于是勾結(jié)其扒灰兒媳衛(wèi)宣姜所生的第二子衛(wèi)惠公朔，打算殺掉伋子后立壽為儲(chǔ)君，不承想壽卻欲代兄赴死，衛(wèi)惠公朔遂趁機(jī)發(fā)動(dòng)玄武門(mén)之變，斬殺長(zhǎng)兄伋子和胞兄壽，一舉成為衛(wèi)國(guó)君主，是為衛(wèi)惠公。

1.2、汎，see on Ⅰ.i.The repetition of the term sets the vessels vividly before us,floating on the water.The idea of 'floating about',without direction,which 汎 is said to express,does not apply,however to the 2d 1.of the next stanza.

【山譯】“汎”的解釋可參見(jiàn)邶風(fēng)第1篇《邶風(fēng)·柏舟》第1節(jié)“汎彼柏舟，亦汎其流?！毕碌淖⑨??！皻悲B用為“汎汎”生動(dòng)的描寫(xiě)出船只漂浮在水上的形態(tài)。這個(gè)漂浮是沒(méi)有方向的隨意漂浮，這一點(diǎn)與下一節(jié)中“汎”的意思不同。

【山注】“汎汎”漂浮貌，《廣雅》：“汎汎，浮也?！?/span>

1.3、景is the old form of 影，'a shadow'.The 彡 was first added by Koh Hung (葛洪) of the Tsin dynasty.

【山譯】“景”是“影”的原字，意思是“陰影”。“影”字的“彡”是晉朝葛洪第一次加上去的。

【山注】先秦之時(shí)并無(wú)“影”字；“影”原字是“景”。景者，光也！影因光而生，故古人將“景”引申出“影”之義！至東晉時(shí)葛洪作《字苑》，認(rèn)為“景”字同時(shí)表光暗兩義，實(shí)在不妥，于是就加“彡”表暗影，這一舉措立刻得到了當(dāng)時(shí)學(xué)術(shù)界的贊成，很快就有了“影”這個(gè)字。〖山錄||《康熙字典》——凡隂景?，因光而生，故卽謂爲(wèi)景?！痘茨献樱煳挠?xùn)》呼爲(wèi)景柱，《廣雅》晷柱掛景，是也。至?xí)x世，葛洪《字苑》始加彡?duì)?wèi)影，音於景反；而世閒輒治《尚書(shū)》、《周禮》、《莊》、《孟》從葛洪字，甚爲(wèi)失矣?！?/span>

【山注】此處理雅各使用的是孔疏之解，即“景”作“影”解〖山錄||? 孔疏——?dú)鴼灰?jiàn)其影之去往而不辨?！健２贿^(guò)此處還有第二種觀點(diǎn)，即“景”作“憬”解，表遠(yuǎn)行之義〖山錄||《經(jīng)義述聞》王引之——景讀如憬……憬，遠(yuǎn)行貌?！?。

1.4、願(yuàn)言，-as in V.3,4;but the 則 there makes us look more for a substantive meaning in 願(yuàn).In this and many other places 願(yuàn)言 appears to me to have no more meaning than 薄言.每，-'every time','whenever'.

【山譯】“愿言”的解釋可參見(jiàn)邶風(fēng)第5篇《邶風(fēng)·終風(fēng)》第3/4節(jié)“愿言則嚏”“愿言則懷”中的注釋。在那兩節(jié)中由于句中“則”的存在，“愿”是一個(gè)名詞。但在這里和其他更多時(shí)候，“愿言”對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)并不比“薄言”的意義更多（其實(shí)這一句up我也沒(méi)有理解）。愿在此處是“每”的意思。

【山注】“愿”毛傳解為“每”，孔疏進(jìn)而解為“每有所言，思此二子，中心養(yǎng)養(yǎng)然不知所定。”不過(guò)《爾雅》訓(xùn)“每”為“雖”解，所以陳奐將此句解讀為——雖曰思子，徒憂其心養(yǎng)養(yǎng)然也。

1.5、養(yǎng)養(yǎng) is explained as 'the app.of sorrow and perplexity'.Choo says the characters are equivalent to 漾漾.Others would read 恙恙，and 洋洋.

【山譯】“養(yǎng)養(yǎng)”被解釋為“悲傷茫然的復(fù)雜樣子”。朱熹認(rèn)為這兩個(gè)字相當(dāng)于“漾漾”，其他版本也作“恙恙”和“洋洋”

【山注】理雅各文中的“app.”是“appearance”的縮寫(xiě)，作樣貌解。

【山注】魯詩(shī)此處寫(xiě)作“洋洋”，且“養(yǎng)”與“洋”都是“恙”的通假字，即憂思心神不定的樣貌，《爾雅．釋詁》：恙，憂也。

【山注】“中心”是“心中”的意思。

2、二子乘舟，汎汎其逝。愿言思子，不瑕有害？

【韻譯】Into their boats the two youths passed, / And on the stream were carried fast.?/ What was there to alarm??/ With longing thought we fain would trace,?/ The secret of their ill-starred race.?/ Did they not come to harm?

【散譯】The two youths got into their boats,?/ Which floated away [on the stream].?/ I think longingly of them;-?/ Did they not come to harm?

2.1、St.2.逝=往，'to go','to proceed to'.

【山譯】“逝”是“往”的意思，即去和繼續(xù)的意思。

【山注】“逝”《說(shuō)文》：往也?！对鲰崱罚盒幸病⑷ヒ?。

2.2、不瑕有害，-see on XIV.3.The 害?indeed in that case is said of wrong,-what is injurious to the right;in this 'of harm',-what is injurious to the person.No better meaning,however,can be drawn out of the line.

【山譯】“不瑕有害”的解釋可參見(jiàn)邶風(fēng)第14篇《泉水》第3節(jié)“遄臻于衛(wèi)，不瑕有害？”下的注釋?！昂Α钡囊馑际清e(cuò)誤，與“利”反義，即對(duì)利益的有害。我理雅各將其翻譯成對(duì)人的傷害，沒(méi)有比這個(gè)更合適的翻譯了。

【山注】關(guān)于利害這對(duì)反義字可參見(jiàn)《增韻》：利，害之對(duì)。

【山注】對(duì)于“不瑕有害”王先謙的集疏注解為：“不瑕有害，言此行恐不無(wú)有害，疑慮之詞。”

The rhymes are-in st..1,景*，養(yǎng)，cat.10:in2,逝，害，cat.15,t.3.