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08 Lesson 2 - Crash Course Composition Part 2 - Only Fractions You Need

此后我選擇用16乘以9格式，? From now on, I’m going to use the standard 16 by 9 format.這格式應(yīng)用廣泛，不管是PC游戲， 和影視格式神似。Since it’s so widely used, it’s the standard for PC games. And it's pretty close to cinema format. 但是你從開始聽到現(xiàn)在的一切，適用于任何格式。But all the things that you hear from onwards will work for any format. 我只是想用最常見的進(jìn)行演示。But I just want a demo of the most common item. 現(xiàn)在我教給大家合成課上需要教的，不是長寬比，而是畫布內(nèi)側(cè)。Now we're going to discuss what most people assume a composition class will teach you, not the aspect ratio, but rather the inside of the canvas.?

P8 - 00:31畫布內(nèi)常用的布局規(guī)格。?

你會(huì)接觸到“Fibonacci螺旋”或者“三分網(wǎng)格”各種學(xué)術(shù)流派。And a lot of times you'll see these crazy things, like fibonacci spirals or the rules of thirds grid or all these crazy lines going everywhere. 我會(huì)化繁為簡(jiǎn)。But I'm gonna break it down super simple. All right. You can think of it this way.?

P8 - 00:49化繁為簡(jiǎn)的思維。?

所有屏幕畫布都可以按分?jǐn)?shù)劃分。All screens can be broken down into these classic fractions. 第一是50%和50%，10比30，也就是1/3和2/3的關(guān)系。Number one is the 5050. After that, 10 30. 10 on this side and 20 on this side. So together that would this one be 1/3? This would be 2/3, just because let know your fractions. After that, you have the 2080. And then the 1090, you can do this either vertically or horizontally. ?

P8 - 01:19可以水平分，還可以垂直分。?

移動(dòng)中間的分水嶺，做到55分19分和三分。So for example, if you want to do it vertically, then you would be able to move this bar, however much you like. So for example, something like 1090, here's something that will be 5050. And it's something that would be more like 2/3 or 1/3. ?

P8 - 01:33分屏后的平衡感。?

When you divide your screen and a half, then your composition gives off a very balanced feeling. 導(dǎo)演WesAnderson主打作品的風(fēng)格是平衡的。It should show harmony and symmetry, and is a classic staple of the director wes Anderson. 導(dǎo)演非常喜歡圖片傳遞的平衡感。像是被精心設(shè)計(jì)過的幾何構(gòu)圖，看起來幾乎完美。He absolutely loves symmetry. So it always gives off a very calculated and geometric look, almost like a perfect look. ?

P8 - 01:56接下來看不對(duì)稱的。?

The next thing you would see is you're at 10:30 or 2030, which is probably the most commonly used vision. 見的最多的是三分，普遍應(yīng)用的原因是，不僅容易應(yīng)用而且容易理解。You will see this pretty much anywhere, because it's not just the easiest to use, but it's also kind of Just the most understandable. 因此力求完美，而完美的平分秋色反而不如三分常見。It's just normal, it is not as perfect as the 5050 where everything is in half.?

P8 - 02:21二八分。?

And it's also not as crazy as the next one will look at, which is the 20 80. The 20 80 is when things start to get a little bit more pushed, typically is to show off a lot of background, on what I mean by 2080. All these different fraction lines is that sometimes it refers to the horizon line. It can also refer to simply wherever you see a very big break in your piece. 是用來鋪墊故事背景的，展示海天相隔的涇渭分明用的。Because essentially when we're looking at things on the screen, our eyes are trying to figure out what is being broken apart. And so in this case, the water and the sky. So the water, the sky are two different portions. So you can consider that as a brake line. And the brake line will be at roughly around kind of the 28 Mark.?

P8 - 02:59另一個(gè)例子。?

Here’s another example of a 2080. And again, like I said, typically used to show off a lot of background.也是為了烘托背景達(dá)到鋪陳渲染的目標(biāo)。 And it's great for what is known as arrival shots. Or when you're being introduced the newest city or something and a movie or game. 比如影視介紹故事發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)，映入眼簾的一望無垠，為這表達(dá)效果1090就是最好的表達(dá)比例。The more extreme version of that would be the 1090, where it is super extreme. The line cut is very low. So you can see here, in this case, in the secret life of Walter, the line cut would be where the people are standing on their horizon line.比如在《Walter的秘密生活》按照1090比例，人們?cè)诘仄骄€地方。 It's very rare, but it can also feel very dynamic and gives a great shock value when it shows up on the screen. 很罕見但是出現(xiàn)在屏幕上，給到很壯觀的感覺。It's hyper exaggerated. And typically unless we're doing story boards or key frames, you may not usually see this in concept art. 若不是做故事版和關(guān)鍵幀，通常你看不到這概念藝術(shù)。?

P8 - 03:41概念藝術(shù)繪制。?

But let's be real because usually within concept art and concept paintings, 所以從概念藝術(shù)到概念插畫，理論到實(shí)踐，我們折中，we were trying to paint the average scene from a movie or explore what the world would look like. 黃金比率是三分或者二八。So our bread and butter would be the 1030 such as this, or the 28.?

P8 - 04:01一九分。?

Technically, this would be a bit more of like a 1090 in terms of where the sky and the blue hits. But if you divide it by the exact horizon line, then it would be a perfect 2080. 天際線是一九分，視平線是二八分到。Now, that being said, the human eye is naturally drawn to the bigger space. So if we divide this by, say, 20, and this was by 80, then your eye will naturally go to the portion that is 80, not the portion that is 20. 你視線滑落在8分部分而不是2分。?

P8 - 04:30二八技巧。?

利用這二八原理，繪制技巧是把你想突出強(qiáng)調(diào)的放在八分的部分，而不是放在不引人注目的二分部分。A trick that will utilize this, then would be that you put your subject matter in the bigger portion of the screen, and you were trying to avoid putting it in the 20 aspect of the screen. Of course, this is just good to know and not an actual law that you have to abide by. 這是常識(shí)，不是金科玉律。?

P8 - 04:45繪制動(dòng)畫時(shí)候。?

想凸顯角色，背景可以盡可能空。But when you're painting backgrounds for animation or considering backgrounds, if your main focus is the character that you want the background to be relatively empty, so that the character can stand out.本案例是三分的，角色在空曠地方，這樣人眼睛會(huì)自動(dòng)停留在大空間上。 So in this case here, since the screen is divided by 1030, our character would naturally sit somewhere around here, cause our eye, again is naturally drawn to the bigger space. 如果你想做場(chǎng)景插畫設(shè)計(jì)，盡可能平面圖，這樣角色可以凸顯出來。In fact, if you ever want to pursue being a background painter? Then they say that your painting should actually feel a little bit empty or plain, because that way the characters will stand out. All right. ?

P8 - 05:21學(xué)會(huì)分析混合配比。?

比如我們剛剛看過的二八分的，可以五五分。一三分的可以不對(duì)稱的分。So now that you know these fractions, you can put them in anywhere, and you can mix and match them. For example, in this piece of moonlight, we already talked about how it's around a 2080 fraction, but it can also be 5050 if you split it down the line, or for example, on this piece here again, even though we talked about how it's 1030, you can also split it in half at this asymmetrical piece.?

P8 - 05:45問題來了。?

你可能問為什么我不能隨心所欲的放置，而是按照黃金配比放置，因?yàn)橛幸?guī)律可循的圖就是賞心悅目，觀眾能發(fā)現(xiàn)圖片的美。The question is then why do I need to split the frame at all? Why can't I just plug things like wherever the heck I want, like a little bit of this and a little bit of that everywhere. It's because just like with black and white, we need visual clarity. Our mind naturally organize things. So we like to see images that are perfectly composed. ?

P8 - 06:06舉例子。?

這就是為什么隨手拍攝的照片，比不上專業(yè)進(jìn)修兩年及以上攝影師的作品。For example, this is a completely normal photo that anyone could take. And this photo will never look as good as one taken by a professional photographer who studied this stuff for two years or more in school. 你看攝影師的杰作知道如何構(gòu)圖合成圖。As you can see if an actual photographer took it, then they would be able to know how to compose the scene. 給景深是有意義的。So it feels like it has meaning and it gives a depth.?

P8 - 06:27另一個(gè)案例。?

Here is another example where the photographer has the same location. But you can see the results are drastically different, depending on how you compose the piece. I promise you. It's not just about how the colors look, but the fact that they were able to frame the camera in a very specific way invokes a much more cinematic and story telling feeling. 不僅僅是顏色問題，而是取景問題，更具影視感覺，更精準(zhǔn)傳遞故事信息。?

P8 - 06:52三分規(guī)則。?

And that brings us to the rule of thirds, which is probably the most classic thing you learn in composition, where you split the canvas into thirds on both sides. So you can split it here 1/3, 1/3, 1/3. You also split this way, 1/3, 1/3. 1/3. That's essentially your rulers. 水平垂直都三分了。And to be able to draw people's eyes to something that you put the main focus point on the intersection right here.人們目光不自覺滑落到縱橫交叉點(diǎn)上。This is why sherlock's face intersects perfectly with this imaginary line.?

P8 - 07:25制片人為什么這樣做？?

The reason why filmmakers do this is because if you put your focal point smack in the middle, then something about it just feels too fake. And if you put your focal point too much on the side, that it feels like something is getting cut off.如果放在居中，感覺太假，如果放在邊上，感覺被切斷了。 therefore filmmakers love to rely on the rule of thirds to make sure that they accurately put something on the screen so that most people will be able to see it.所以喜歡三分原則大部分人可以看到。 It feels natural and also naturally leads the eye to somewhere.感覺視線被自然而然的引領(lǐng)到重點(diǎn)。 So for example, here we need faces perfectly on the intersection. 比如這里我們需要面部完美的出現(xiàn)在交叉點(diǎn)。And even though the villain isn't exactly positioned correctly, He is still pretty much taking these intersections right here, 位置落在縱橫交叉點(diǎn)不需要太精準(zhǔn)，附近范圍就可以成功吸引眼球。just so that our eye perfectly meets it. 這是精心設(shè)計(jì)的，不是偶然的。This is all calculated. I promise you none of this stuff is coincidental. ?

P8 - 08:06研究分配比例的意義。?

好的攝影評(píng)判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，是看起來舒服寧靜，詳略得到，重點(diǎn)突出的。At the end of the day. It's all about producing a natural image, one that makes you feel the most comfort at peace or emersed. 如果你想描繪眼神，把眼睛放在三分線交叉點(diǎn)上。Or if you wanted to draw someone's eye to something, it was quite literally here and you put the most important items directly on the intersections right here. They literally have the eyes on the intersections. Like you cannot get more obvious with that.?

P8 - 08:36舉例子。?

看《奇異博士》里的作品。So let's take a look at this example in a piece by Ryan laying for doctor strange. Instead of having his characters be placed specifically directly in the middle, the characters are purposefully positioned to be at around the 10 to 30 Mark. 并沒有讓角色居中，而是有意的放置在三分線上。This is so that you feel a lot more of a dynamic angle and you capture the beautiful long slip. That doctor strange is doing right here. 你可以看到更多動(dòng)態(tài)角度，完美的弧線。能傳遞這樣的視覺效果，說明三分線奏效了。And what's even more wonderful is that you have clearly one character on this side and another character on this side. And like we said, since our eye naturally goes to the side with a bigger space, then your eye will naturally go towards the side where perfectly you meet with the main character, doctor strange. 人視線滑落在更大空間，比如左側(cè)，沿著弧線可以滑落到右側(cè)奇異博士身上。?

P8 - 09:17總結(jié)。?

去看你喜歡的影視場(chǎng)景，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這比率和分?jǐn)?shù)的規(guī)律所在。So try it out on some of your favorite movies or paintings. And you'll definitely start to see these different ratios and fractions. Also, let me get something clear. ?

P8 - 09:25兩種方式。?

I just taught you a bunch of ways to divide the screen into all of these fractions. And I just told you the rule of thirds. But I disagree with their names. It is not a rule. These are guidelines. 這不是規(guī)則，這是指南。I do not want you to take a ruler to your monitor and measure out every inch, making sure everything is exactly on the intersection. If movies were made this way, nothing would ever get done.并不是讓你用尺子在顯示器測(cè)量，三分交叉點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)確位置，這樣子較真，影視沒法做了。 These are only guidelines to help you make a decision and roughly place your objects, they don't need to be spot on.指南僅僅是幫助你做確定粗略的位置，不是精準(zhǔn)到放置點(diǎn)。 Just kind of in the vicinity.在附近就可以。 It is to prevent you from making your piece way too symmetric. 避免讓你作品太過對(duì)稱，或者太過邊緣化，以至于觀眾找不到需要關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。And to avoid putting your focal point way to far off on the side. So your audience doesn't even know they're looking at anymore. ?

P8 - 10:12名人名言。?

There is a golden quote that I learned from the legendary Bill Perkins, who aren't directed the classic disney films such as aladdin or little mermaid. And he says there are no rules. There are only consequences. 迪斯尼著名藝術(shù)總監(jiān)Bill Perkins說過，沒有絕對(duì)的規(guī)則，只有不斷的后果。There is nothing stopping you from putting your focal point on the side of the painting. 沒辦法阻止你的焦點(diǎn)放在一側(cè)的嘗試。But the consequence is that your audience will Lean their ways all the way to the side of the canvas and think that you've cropped cracked it or something. 也總有觀眾看到你側(cè)邊焦點(diǎn)，以為你裁剪錯(cuò)誤。You can always break the rules and not listen to the guidelines at all. 你可以不斷的打破定律，不理會(huì)指南。But most often than not, these guidelines are tested and true. And it's a fantastic place to start. And they will never go wrong.但是你可以選擇尊重這些別人總結(jié)出來的定律，不會(huì)出錯(cuò)。 If you're ever confused as to where your horizon should be. You can totally go for the classic 2030 如果你不清楚自己視平線在哪里，從三分地平線開始，不會(huì)大差錯(cuò)。and you have absolutely no problem or place your character on a rule of thirds intersection, like right here, and go from there. 或者角色放在三分線交叉點(diǎn)。You'll have a solid piece by the end of it. 作品不會(huì)出大差錯(cuò)。?

P8 - 11:04如果想探索更多。?

And as you get more comfortable, you may want to explore a bit more and see what kind of weird compositions that you can come up with. 去探索自己想象出來新穎的創(chuàng)意。But I would recommend for people starting out, stick to these guidelines,建議初學(xué)者利用好金科玉律。 and you will produce a solid piece every single time. Because after all, I am teaching you the full proof of concept painting. And the rule of thirds is just about as foolproof as you can get. And once you feel like you understand a lot more, then you'll be able to take on a lot more different compositions and things that give yourself like personal value. 可以探索更多的構(gòu)圖，展示你別具一格。However, you would like to organize your piece, but you'll be able to organize your piece in a way that you can also help your audience understand what you're trying to see. 可以幫助觀眾理解你圖片要傳遞的含義。Now, let's get into even more detail about composition. And you can rejoice because there are no fractions in this one.