??2010年12月英語四級考試真題

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were???47 ?. The study of how genes and environment interact to influence ??48 ??activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important???49 ??to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior.

Any research that suggests that ??50 ??to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can ??51 ??based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how???52 ??they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the ??53 ??to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(養(yǎng)育), by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science ??54 ??that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born ??55 ??like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it ??56 ??Appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning.

注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

??????［A］ abilities ???????????［I］ extent

??????［B］ achieve ???????????［J］ indicates

??????［C］ Appeal ????????????［K］ proceeds

??????［D］ complaints ?????????［L］ psychological

??????［E］ contributions ???????［M］ raised

??????［F］ displayed ??????????［N］ smart

??????［G］ essentially ?????????［O］ standard

??????［H］ eventually
答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
47. M) raised??????48. L) psychological???49. E) contributions???50. A) abilities
51. B) achieve?????52. N) smart????????53. I) extent??????????54. J) indicates
55. G) essentially???56. H) eventually
???????????????

2010年6月英語四級考試真題

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
　　Section A
　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
　　Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
　　When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be __47__ wasteful to tear them all down and __48__ them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __49__ carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest __50__, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and __51__ our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.
　　With some __52__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __53__ over time and let in more outside air.
　　Fortunately, there are a __54__ number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from __55__ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (升級) can save more than just the earth; they can help __56__ property owners from rising power costs.
　　注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

A) accommodations???B) clumsy???C) doubtful????D) exceptions??

?E) expand??????????F) historic???G) incredibly????H) powering???

?I) protect???????????J) reduced???K) replace????????L) sense?

??M) shifted?????????N) supplying????O) vast

答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
　　47. G incredibly??48. K replace??49. J reduced??50. L sense??51. H powering
　　52. D exceptions??　53. E expand??54. O vast??55. F historic??56. I protect

2009年12月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題及答案

　Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

　　In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a child’s language development than mothers, a new study suggests.

　　Researchers 47 92 families form 11 child care centers before their children were a year old, interviewing each to establish income, level of education and child care arrangements. Overall, it was a group of well-class families, with married parents both living in the home.

　　When the children were 2, researchers videotaped them at home in free-play sessions with both parents, 48 all of their speech. The study will Appear in the November issue of The Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology.

　　The scientists measured the 49 number of utterance (話語) of the parents, the number of different words they used, the complexity of their sentences and other 50 of their speech. On average, fathers spoke less than mothers did, but they did not differ in the length of utterances or proportion of questions asked.

　　Finally, the researchers 51 the children’s speech at age 3, using a standardized language test. The only predictors of high scores on the test were the mother’s level of education, the 52 of child care and the number of different words the father used.?

　　The researchers are 53 why the father’s speech, and not the mother’s, had an effect.

　　“It’s well 54 that the mother’s language does have an impact,” said Nadya Pancsofar, the lead author of the study. It could be that the high-functioning mothers in the study had 55 had a strong influence on their children’s speech development, Ms. Pancsofar said, “or it may be that mothers are 56 in a way we didn’t measure in the study.”

　　注意：此部分試題在答題卡1上。

A) already ???????B) analyzed ?????C) aspects ?????D) characters

E) contributing ????F) describing ????G) established ??H) quality

I) quoted ?????????J) recording ?????K) recruited ??L) total

M) unconscious ???N) unsure ?????O) yet

答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

　47.【快速解題】動(dòng)詞辨義題。

　　K【火眼金睛】本句缺少謂語，根據(jù)句中before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中的過去時(shí)態(tài)，可以斷定謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用過去時(shí)。根據(jù)句意，備選動(dòng)詞中recruited符合題意。此外備選詞中analyzed是強(qiáng)干擾項(xiàng)，但其實(shí)并不合適，因?yàn)椤把芯空邆兎治隽?2個(gè)家庭……，并且逐一詢問了他們的收入、受教育狀況、孩子的照顧情況?！逼渲小胺治觥迸c“逐一詢問”在邏輯意義上不符。

　　48.【快速解題】動(dòng)詞辨義題。

　　J【火眼金睛】空格處在with短語中，且應(yīng)該作賓語parents 的補(bǔ)足語。根據(jù)句意可知此處應(yīng)為“研究人員將他們與父母雙方在家自由玩耍的情景錄制下來，并記錄他們所有的談話?！笨梢钥闯龃颂幮杼钜粋€(gè)動(dòng)名詞，并含有“記錄”的意思，備選動(dòng)詞中recording 符合題意。

　　49.【快速解題】動(dòng)詞辨義題。

　　L【火眼金睛】空格位于the 與number之間，可知此處需填入一個(gè)形容詞作定語。備選形容詞中total 符合題意，意為“父母親話語總的數(shù)量”。

　　50.【快速解題】名詞辨義題。

　　C【火眼金睛】空格位于other 之后，可知此處需填入名詞，備選名詞只有aspects符合題意，意為“科學(xué)家們測量了父母親話語總的數(shù)量，使用不同詞匯的數(shù)量，他們的語句的復(fù)雜程度以及他們語言的其他方面?！?/span>

51.【快速解題】動(dòng)詞辨義題。

　　B【火眼金睛】空格在主語the researchers之后，可知此處應(yīng)填入謂語動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)態(tài)。剩余的備選動(dòng)詞中analyzed 符合題意，意為“最后，當(dāng)孩子們?nèi)龤q時(shí)，研究者們對孩子進(jìn)行了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的語言測試，并對他們的語言進(jìn)行了分析?！?/span>

　　52.【快速解題】名詞辨義題。

　　H【火眼金睛】空格處前后分別為 the 與of，可知此處需填入名詞，根據(jù)上下文可知該句意為“測試中，預(yù)測高分的指標(biāo)包括母親受教育的程度，養(yǎng)育孩子的質(zhì)量，父親使用不同詞匯的數(shù)量?！眰溥x名詞中quality 符合題意。

　　53.【快速解題】形容詞辨義題。

　　N【火眼金睛】空格位于be動(dòng)詞與why 從句之間，可知需填入形容詞或過去分詞，以構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。動(dòng)詞中的剩余詞匯，均不能使句意通順。備選形容詞中unsure可使句意通順，意為“令研究者們疑惑的是為什么父親而非母親的語言對孩子有影響?！?/span>

　　54.【快速解題】動(dòng)詞辨義題。

　　G【火眼金睛】空格處在is well和that從句之間，此處需要填入過去分詞。備選動(dòng)詞中established 符合題意, 其中it is well established that…，意為“大家公認(rèn)……”。

　　55.【快速解題】副詞辨義題。

　　A【火眼金睛】本句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，空格處需填入一個(gè)副詞?？崭袂昂蟮膆ad并不相同，前面的had是構(gòu)成過去完成時(shí)態(tài)的助動(dòng)詞，后面的had是短語have a strong influence on…，結(jié)合句意，備選副詞中already符合題意。

　　56.【快速解題】動(dòng)詞辨義題。

　　E【火眼金睛】縱觀全句，空格處應(yīng)填入現(xiàn)在分詞，與are構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意“最終對于整個(gè)學(xué)校的文化氛圍都會產(chǎn)生有益的影響”。備選動(dòng)詞中contributing符合題意, 意為“可能母親起作用的方式在研究中我們沒有測量?！?/span>

2009年6月英語四級考試真題與答案

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

?????Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writhing is too hard. They never write,?unless assignments??47 ?it . They fine the writing?process??48 ?and difficult.

?????How awful to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it-??49 ?English , with its rich vocabulary . Being able to speak but not write is like living in an??50 ?mansion(豪宅) and never leaving one small room . When I meet students who think they can’t write, I know as a teacher my??51 ?is to show them the rest of the?rooms . My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity to??52 ?the moral and emotional development of my students . One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day.

?????Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done??53 ?, just like exercise ; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise , writing skills improve quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and??54 ?after only a few weeks of journal writing .

?????Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole student. When my students practice journal writing, they?are practicing for their future academic,?political,?and??55 ?lives . They build skills so that some day they might write a great novel,?a piece of sorely needed legislation,?or the perfect love letter. Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step ????????56 ?to fluency , eloquence?(雄辯), and command of language .

A)?closer ????????????????????????????I) painful

B)?daily ?????????????????????????????J) performance

C)?emotional ?????????????????????????K) profession

D)?enhance ??????????????????????????L) remarkably

E)?enormous ?????????????????????????M) require

F)?especially ?????????????????????????N) sensitive

G)?hinder ????????????????????????????O) urge

H)?mission

?

　答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

47. M require ??48. I painful ???49.F especially ???50. E enormous ?

51.H mission ????52. D enhance ??53. B daily ???54.J performance ?

?55. K profession ??56 A daily

?

2008年12月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題

Question 47-56

A bookless life is an incomplete life. Books influence the depth and breadth of life. They meet the natural______47_____for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of their need. Readers turn______48_____ to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to ____49 _____ from their own limited environment lead them to find in books food for the mind and the spirit. Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now. They are presented with a __50 _____ of human experiences and come to ___51 ____ other ways of thought and living. And while ____52 ____ their own relationships and responses to life , the readers often find that the ___53__ in their stories are going through similar adjustments, which help to clarify and give significance to their own.

?Books provide ___54 ____ material for readers’ imagination to grow. Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement. While enriching their imagination, books __55 ____their outlook, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure ___56 ___. The social and educational significance of the readers’ books cannot be overestimated in an academic library. ?

A. Abundant????B. Characters????C. Communicating????D. Completely??

E. Derive??????F. Desire????????G. Diversity??????????H. Escape??

I. Establishing??J. Narrow????????K. Naturally?????????L. Personnel??

M. Properly????N. Respect????????O. Widen

答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

47. F/ desire????????48. K/ naturally????49. H/ escape??????50. G/ diversity?

51. N/ respect??????52. I/ establishing????53. B/ characters??54. A/ abundant??

55. O/ widen??????56. M/ properly

?

2008年6月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題

Section A

Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly _47_ to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was _48_ to a little college French.

I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, _49_ unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up _50_ and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable _51_ I sat down to write a letter begging off. Halfway through, a thought can through my mind: you can learn if you don’t try. So I accepted the assignment.

There were some bad _52_. But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guiders or even _53_ bookings, confident that somehow I will manage.

The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition _54_. But each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning piles up, the world opens to you.

I’ve learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a _55_. And I know I’ll go on doing such things. It’s not because I’m braver or more daring than others. I’m not. But I’ll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can _56_ wonders.

?A) accomplish???B) advanced???????C) balloon???????D) claim

E) constantly????F) declare???????G) interviews????????H)limited

I) manufacture???J) moments??????K) news??????????L) reduced

M) regret??????N) scary?????O) totally

答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

47. D) claim ?48. H) limited ?49. O) totally ?50. G) interviews ?

51. M) regret 52. J) moments ?53. B) advanced ?54. N) scary ?

55. C) balloon 56. A) accomplish

2007年12月四級考試真題

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

As war spreads to many comers of the globe, Children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education 47 .The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the?48 of peacemakers. The Children’s Movement for peacemakers was even nominated(提名) or the Nobel peace prize in 1998. Groups of children 49 is peacemakers studied human rights an poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known a The Schools of Peace.

The classroom?50 opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with?51?,peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step?52 toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are?53 useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and?54 on staring a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention to children’s rights and how to help the?55 of war. Starting a Peacemakers’ Club ?is a praiseworthy venture for a class an one that could spread to other classrooms an ideally affect the culture of the?56 school.

注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

A) acting ?I) information???B) assuming ? J) offers

C) comprehensive K) projects?D) cooperative ?L) respectively

E) entire ? M) role??????F) especially ?N) technology

G) forward ? O) victims???H) images

答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

47. K. projects ?　48. M. role ?　49. A. acting ?　50. J. offers

51. D. cooperative52. G. forward ?53. F. especially ?54. I. Information ?

55. O. victims ??　56. E. entire.

?

2007年6月23日大學(xué)英語四級(CET-4)真題試卷及答案

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients __47__ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it.

Times have changed. Today, we take pain __48__. Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in __49__ a person’s well-being. We know that chronic (慢性的) pain can disrupt (擾亂) a person’s life, causing problems that __50__ from missed work to depression.

That’s why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who __51__ in pain medicine. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social __52__ related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often __53__ the work of social workers, psychiatrists (心理醫(yī)生) and psychologists, as well as specialists in pain medicine.

This modern __54__ for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effective and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a __55__ number of drugs available, and many of them caused __56__ side effects in older people, including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself.

注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答

?A) ?result?I) ??determining???B) ?involves??J) ??limited??C) ?significant??K) ?gravely

?D) ?range??L) ?complained??E) ?relieved????M) respect??F) ??issues??N) ?prompting

?G) ?seriously??O) ?specialize??H) ?magnificent

答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

?47. ?L??48. ?G??49. ?I??50. ?D??51. ?O??

?52. ?F???53. ?B???54. ?M????55. ?J???56. ?C

?

2006年12月23日四級考試真題

Direction: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

The flood of women into the job market boosted economic growth and changed U.S. society in many ways. Many in-home jobs that used to be done ??47 ??by women----ranging from family shopping to preparing meals to doing ??48 ??work——still need to be done by someone .Husbands and children now do some of these jobs, a ??49 ??that has changed the target market for many products. Or a working woman may face a crushing “poverty of time “and look for help elsewhere, creating opportunities for producers of frozen meals, child care centers, dry cleaners, financial services, and the like.

Although there is still a big wage ??50 ??between men and women, the income working women ??51 ??gives them new independence and buying power. For example, women now ???52 ??about half of all cars. Not long ago, many cars dealers ??53 ??women shoppers by ignoring them or suggesting that they come back with their husbands. Now car companies have realized that women are ??54 ??customers. It’s interesting that some leading Japanese car dealers were the first to ??55 ??pay attention to women customers. In Japan, fewer women have jobs or buy cars — the Japanese society is still very much male—oriented. Perhaps it was the ??56 ??contrast with Japanese society that prompted American firms to pay more attention to women buyers.

注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答

A）scale ? ?B）retailed ? C）generate ? D）extreme

E）technically ?????F）affordable ?G）situation ?H）really

I）potential ??J）gap ? ?K）voluntary ?L）excessive

M）insulted ??N）purchase ?O）primarily

?

答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

47. O) primarily??????48. K) voluntary ???49. G) situation ????50. J) gap

51. C) generate ???????52. N) purchase????53. M) insulted ????54. I) potential

55. H) really??????????56. D) extreme?