本文集的第二大類為社區(qū)與公共衛(wèi)生，文集本部分的課程設(shè)置來源于 University of the People. 本文集的核心基礎(chǔ)類包括了七個(gè)部分：傳染性疾病、營養(yǎng)學(xué)、社區(qū)與公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)、流行病學(xué)、統(tǒng)計(jì)推斷與生物統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)、衛(wèi)生政策與管理，以及 全球視野下的人類發(fā)展。

第1-4部分的介紹請(qǐng)見上一篇專欄。

第五部分：傳染性疾病?Infectious Diseases

文集的這一部分主要概述了疾病傳播的過程。 涉及的主題包括病毒，細(xì)菌和其他傳染原的微生物學(xué)； 宿主-寄生蟲的關(guān)系和共同進(jìn)化； 傳播媒介； 和社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的傳播模式。 這些概念適用于現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的案例研究，在該案例研究中，學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)如何預(yù)防疾病的傳播，如何處理感染力強(qiáng)的患者以及如何處理諸如隔離等干預(yù)措施的社會(huì)影響。?

This course provides an overview of the process by which disease is transmitted. Topics to be covered include the microbiology of viruses, bacteria and other infectious agents; host-parasite relations and coevolution; vectors of transmission; and social network models of transmission. These concepts are applied to real world case studies where students learn how to prevent the spread of disease, handle highly infectious patients, and deal with the social ramifications of interventions such as quarantines.

第六部分：營養(yǎng)學(xué) Nutrition

本課程提供介紹食品歷史，食品制備和食品儲(chǔ)存/保存的一般背景。 將介紹有關(guān)食品化學(xué)的基本知識(shí)，涉及人體能量平衡和代謝，宏觀和微量營養(yǎng)素需求以及食物組功能以及營養(yǎng)素缺乏和攝入過多的疾病。 將特別強(qiáng)調(diào)飲食在代謝綜合癥中的作用，在某些社會(huì)中的肥胖病流行以及在其他情況下的饑荒的政治和地球物理原因。

This course provides a general background introducing the history of food, food preparation and food storage/preservation. Basic knowledge about food chemistry will be presented with respect to human energy balance and metabolism, macro-and micronutrient needs and food group functions, and the diseases of nutrient deficiency and excess intake. Particular emphasis will be placed on the role of diet in metabolic syndrome, the obesity epidemic in some societies, and the political and geophysical causes of famine in other contexts.

第七部分：社區(qū)與公共衛(wèi)生 Community and Public Health

健康是一個(gè)具有具體和社會(huì)定義的多維概念。在文集的本部分內(nèi)容中，將探討健康和疾病的概念，以檢查環(huán)境環(huán)境以及我們的出生，成長(zhǎng)，工作，娛樂和年齡條件如何影響我們的個(gè)人，社區(qū)和人口健康。該課程還研究健康的結(jié)構(gòu)和中介決定因素，例如社會(huì)環(huán)境，社會(huì)資本，行為和生物學(xué)。文集的本部分為學(xué)生提供了一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，使他們可以進(jìn)一步研究關(guān)鍵主題，包括社會(huì)不平等及其對(duì)健康的潛在影響，重點(diǎn)是邊緣化和受污名化的人群；資源分配在衛(wèi)生保健中的作用；公共衛(wèi)生規(guī)劃和國家在公共衛(wèi)生中的作用；作為社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)的衛(wèi)生保健系統(tǒng)；以及衛(wèi)生保健系統(tǒng)如何通過關(guān)鍵的決策過程和溝通與人口，社區(qū)和個(gè)人進(jìn)行互動(dòng)。

Health is a multidimensional concept with both a concrete and a social definition. In this course concepts of health and illness are explored to examine the ways in which the environmental surroundings, as well as the conditions under which we are born, grow, work, play, and age, shape our personal, community and population health. The course also investigates the structural and intermediary determinants of health such as social environment, social capital, behavior, and biology. This course provides an opportunity for students to delve further into key topics including social inequalities and their potential impact on health, with emphasis on marginalized and stigmatized populations; the role of resource allocation in health care; public health programming and the role of the State in public health; the health care system as a social institution; and how the health care system interfaces with populations, communities, and individuals through key decision making processes and communications.

第八部分：流行病學(xué) Epidemiology

文集的本部分向?qū)W生介紹流行病學(xué)和人口健康的基本概念和方法。學(xué)習(xí)如何衡量疾病的發(fā)生率，患病率，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，相對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和相關(guān)概念。學(xué)生還將學(xué)習(xí)如何設(shè)計(jì)，分析和解釋采用病例對(duì)照，隊(duì)列研究和隨機(jī)對(duì)照試驗(yàn)（RCT）等方法的研究。探索了困擾此類研究的問題，包括損耗，審查，抽樣有偏差，模型規(guī)格不正確，變量混雜或潛伏。最后，討論了疾病傳播動(dòng)態(tài)以及試圖描述它們的網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型。

This course introduces student to basic concepts and methods of epidemiology and population health. In this course, students learn how to measure disease incidence, prevalence, risk, relative risk and related concepts. Students also learn how to design, analyze and interpret studies that deploy methodologies ranging from case-control, cohort and randomized control trials (RCTs). Problems that plague such studies are explored including attrition, censoring, biased sampling, model misspecification, confounding or lurking variables. Finally, disease transmission dynamics are addressed along with network models that attempt to describe them.

第九部分：統(tǒng)計(jì)推斷與生物統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué) Statistical Inference & Biostatistics

文集的本部分將以基礎(chǔ)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)為起點(diǎn)，逐漸介紹各種統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法。生物統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)介紹了統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)中選定的主題，因?yàn)樗鼈冞m用于生物學(xué)和健康問題。 在討論不同形式的生物/醫(yī)學(xué)/健康數(shù)據(jù)以及用于分析它們的工具時(shí)，學(xué)生將學(xué)習(xí)如何描述數(shù)據(jù)的集中趨勢(shì)和變化。 它們還解開了樣本統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)與總體值之間的關(guān)系（即推斷），并被引入了諸如假設(shè)檢驗(yàn)，功效分析和研究設(shè)計(jì)以及抽樣方法之類的概念。

Biostatistics provides an introduction to selected topics in statistics as they apply to biological and health issues. In discussing different forms of biological/medical/health data and the tools used to analyze them, students learn how to describe the central tendency and variation in data. They also unpack the relationship between sample statistics and population values (i.e. inference) and are introduced to concepts such as hypothesis testing, power analysis and study design, and sampling approaches.

第十部分：衛(wèi)生政策與管理?Health Policy and Management

今天的衛(wèi)生政策是由特定社會(huì)中與健康相關(guān)的決策的目標(biāo)和行動(dòng)所決定的。 因此，衛(wèi)生政策可以通過確定優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)，角色和責(zé)任，并影響變革，最好是朝著改善人民的健康水平，來確定未來的愿景。 文集的本部分將介紹衛(wèi)生政策的發(fā)展和使用，特別強(qiáng)調(diào)管理，護(hù)理經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)，衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)和服務(wù)的發(fā)展以及衛(wèi)生政治。 在理解衛(wèi)生政策的構(gòu)建過程中，學(xué)生探索衛(wèi)生管理的關(guān)鍵方面，并獲得在衛(wèi)生提供，護(hù)理和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的各個(gè)層面上整合和實(shí)施政策的實(shí)踐技能。

Health Policy today is determined by the goals and actions of health related decisions in a given society. As such, health policy can define the vision for the future by identifying priorities, roles and responsibilities, and affecting change, preferably towards the betterment of health for the population. This course examines the development and the use of health policy with specific emphasis on management, economics of care, the development of health systems and services, and health politics. In understanding constructions of health policy, students explore key aspects of health management, and gain a practical skill set for the integration and implementation of policy at various levels of health provision, care, and leadership.

第十一部分：全球視野下的人類發(fā)展?Human Development in a Global Perspective

文集的本部分對(duì)從嬰兒期到青春期和成年期，到老年和死亡的生命歷程和階段進(jìn)行比較分析。 解決了各種發(fā)展過程，包括社會(huì)情感，認(rèn)知和身體發(fā)展。 從社會(huì)科學(xué)中探索了各種觀點(diǎn)，包括對(duì)各種生活狀態(tài)下的儀式和儀式的通過和作用的分析，以及生物學(xué)中學(xué)生研究月經(jīng)初潮，生育能力，大腦發(fā)育以及身心衰退階段的預(yù)測(cè)因子。 在整個(gè)課程中，都特別強(qiáng)調(diào)了人類發(fā)展中的跨文化差異。

This course provides a comparative analysis of the life course and stages from infancy through adolescence and adulthood, to old age and death. Various developmental processes are addressed, including socio-emotional, cognitive, and physical. Various perspectives are explored from the social scientific including an analysis of rituals and rites of passage and roles at various life states, to the biological where students study predictors of menarche, fertility, brain development as well as stages of physical and mental decline. Particular emphasis on cross-cultural differences in human development are explored throughout the course.