sedate
Sedate 這個詞源于拉丁語的 sedare,意思是“使安定,使平靜”,是 sedere “坐”的引申詞。Sedate 的意思有兩個:
作為形容詞,指“安靜的,沉著的,鎮(zhèn)定的”,通常用來形容人或性格。例如:
He was a sedate and serious student. (他是一個沉穩(wěn)而認真的學生。)
She spoke in a sedate and polite manner. (她以一種安靜而禮貌的方式說話。)
作為動詞,指“給(某人或某物)服用鎮(zhèn)靜劑,使鎮(zhèn)靜或昏迷”。例如:
The doctor sedated the patient before the surgery. (醫(yī)生在手術前給病人服用了鎮(zhèn)靜劑。)
They had to sedate the wild animal before transporting it. (他們不得不在運輸野生動物之前讓它服用鎮(zhèn)靜劑。)
Sedate 的近義詞有 calm, tranquil, composed, serene 等,它們都可以表示“安靜的,平靜的”的意思,但有一些細微的區(qū)別:
Calm 是最常用的詞,指“沒有激動、緊張、恐懼或憤怒的情緒,或者沒有風浪、騷亂或沖突的情況”。例如:
He tried to calm down after the argument. (他試圖在爭吵后平靜下來。)
The sea was calm and clear. (海面平靜而清澈。)
Tranquil 指“沒有噪音、干擾或煩惱的狀態(tài),或者給人一種寧靜和舒適的感覺”。例如:
She enjoyed the tranquil beauty of the countryside. (她享受著鄉(xiāng)村的寧靜美景。)
He lived a tranquil life in the mountains. (他在山里過著平靜的生活。)
Composed 指“控制住自己的情緒,表現(xiàn)出冷靜和自信”。例如:
She remained composed despite the pressure. (她盡管面臨壓力,仍然保持鎮(zhèn)定。)
He gave a composed speech to the audience. (他向觀眾發(fā)表了一篇冷靜而自信的演講。)
Serene 指“沒有憂慮或煩惱,或者給人一種平和和愉悅的感覺”。例如:
She had a serene smile on her face. (她臉上露出了一絲安詳?shù)奈⑿Α?
The sky was serene and blue. (天空晴朗而湛藍。)