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GRE閱讀:瓷器的起源

2023-03-17 10:22 作者:alchemist97  | 我要投稿

The highly dispersed nature of Panzalco pottery throughout present-day Ecuador has led archaeologists to speculate about the pottery’s origins and significance. Jijon y Caaniano attributed the pottery’s distribution to trade, and based on the large quantities of pottery' recovered in the Ambato-Latacunga region of the central Ecuadorian highlands, he proposed that region as the probable locus of production. However. Porras suggests that inhabitants of the subtropical eastern Andean slopes, or montana, were the original producers of Panzalco. Porras’ theory involves the forced migration of the montana population from their homeland in the Queijo’s River valley into the Ecuadorian highlands. The gradual exodus and ensuing dispersal of the makers of this ware could account for the diffuse distribution of the materials.

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1. The passage cites evidence supporting which of the following hypotheses?

A. Jijon y Caamano's hypothesis about the relationship between trade and the distribution of Panzaleo pottery

B. Jijon y Caamano’s hypothesis about the probable locus of Panzaleo pottery production

C. Porras’ hypothesis about who the original producers of Panzalcc pottery were

D. Porras’ hypothesis about the forced migration of certain peoples

E. Porras’ hypothesis about the dispersal of the original makers of Panzaleo pottery

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2. It can be interred from the passage that Jijon y Caamano would probably agree with which of the following statements about the distribution of Panzalco pottery throughout Ecuador?

A. This distribution is not primarily the result of the relocation of th original makers of the pottery.

B.This distribution originally took p ace over a relatively short period of time.

C. This distribution could not have occurred without the forced migration of certain peoples.

D. This distribution was largely limited to the Ambato-Lataeunga region.

E.This distribution indicates that the Ambato-Lataeunga region was known primarily as trading center

答案:b a

【文章分析】

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S1;視角上,無引用觀點標志詞,但出現(xiàn)【highly】表示語氣程度詞,說明作者觀點評價事實。

??此句話為全文探討的核心對象,主要探討Ecuador地區(qū)出現(xiàn)的瓷器起源和重要性。我們預期,下文會展開考古學家們的不同觀點。

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S2:視角上,出現(xiàn)引用觀點標志詞【attributed to】和【proposed that】表示為引用觀點做推測,為上文的Ecuador地區(qū)瓷器的起源地進行推測。

??出現(xiàn)【based on】表示為前提,說明jyc基于前提得出自己推測觀點。

??前提:jyc將瓷器的分布歸結(jié)于貿(mào)易往來,同時他認為瓷器出現(xiàn)的地方在Ambato-Latacunga region of the central Ecuadorian highlands。

??推測:所以,jyc認為Ambato-Latacunga region of…. Ecuadorian才是瓷器的可能發(fā)源地。本句話中的production對應上文的【original】表示為同義替換。

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S3:視角上,出現(xiàn)引用觀點標志詞【sb suggest that】說明本句為引用觀點。同時,本句話出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折標志詞【however】功能為對比,與上句話的jyc觀點不一致。但本句話中的jyc和p的同一個對象為:Ecuador地區(qū)瓷器的發(fā)源。本句話在上下文關(guān)系中,為上文s1的起源地在信息上做推測解釋型分析,在上文功能上為作者觀點做展開。

??P認為瓷器應該發(fā)源于Andean slopes, or montana。

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S4:視角上,無任何引用觀點標志詞,但從信息上看為作者觀點評價s3的p觀點信息。

??作者認為:p的理論包含了從montana被迫遷移到Ecuador地區(qū)。作者認為p的觀點實際上和jyc是一樣的,都是從Ecuador起源的。

作者實際上做的是一種調(diào)和作用【reconcile】,在調(diào)解s2 vs s3不同觀點圍繞同一件事兒做出的爭論。什么是reconcile?當兩個觀點圍繞同一件事得出不同的結(jié)論時,但又不能達成一致,作者這時會出來自己當和事老的角色,解決沖突。有時會直接reconcile,如本句評價了某人的觀點。有時會引用一個事實、其他的新觀點或轉(zhuǎn)向補充信息的方式進行間接的reconcile。

最后,作者支持jyc的觀點,這種行為在閱讀上叫做【defend】;當兩個觀點圍繞同一件事兒進行爭論時,作者觀點出來袒護(支持、認同)某一方觀點時,就叫做defend了某人的觀點。在選項中,我們題干中常能看見類似于【The passage cites evidence supporting/the author…】表示作者defend誰的觀點。

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S5:視角上,作者觀點對自己的觀點進行補充,在功能上繼續(xù)完善調(diào)和的功能,在信息上為瓷器分布的原因作總結(jié)。

??出現(xiàn)同義替換【The gradual exodus】指代s3中p的【The gradual exodus】,【ensuing dispersal】指代s2中的【pottery’s distribution to trade】。

??作者認為p和jyc的觀點都對,都是導致瓷器分布較稀疏的原因。

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主線:s1-s4

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【選項分析】

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第一題,信息題,問:作者在文中使用例子支撐了誰?

考察的是當文中出現(xiàn)不同的觀點圍繞同一件事做紛爭時,作者出來defend某一方。在文中作者defend(支持了)jyc的觀點,認同e地區(qū)才是瓷器的起源地。

正確選項為B.

錯誤選項分析:

A. Jijon y Caamano's hypothesis about the relationship between trade and the distribution of Panzaleo pottery

首先,不是作者支撐的點,作者只認同Ecuadorian地區(qū)是發(fā)源地。其他的沒提及。

C. Porras’ hypothesis about who the original producers of Panzalcc pottery were

錯誤,作者不認同p的觀點。

D. Porras’ hypothesis about the forced migration of certain peoples

同上一個選項。

E. Porras’ hypothesis about the dispersal of the original makers of Panzaleo pottery

同上一個選項。

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第二題,信息題,問:jyc對distribution of Panzalco pottery throughout Ecuador的看法?

看到sb agree with,首先要考慮引用觀點或作者觀點對于文中的人、事情、觀點的直接看法,一般都看其有無自己觀點的直接評論。沒有直接的看法或自己觀點被其他觀點進行補充,且無沖突(質(zhì)疑等)那么直接看補充的觀點即可。因此,我們直接看最后一句話的作者觀點對于瓷器的分散稀疏的補充,作者認為有兩種可能:1.人口遷移 2.貿(mào)易往來。

直接選擇A。

錯誤選項分析:

B.This distribution originally took pace over a relatively short period of time.

未提及時間長短。

C. This distribution could not have occurred without the forced migration of certain peoples.

過于絕對化,與作者補充的信息點不符。

D. This distribution was largely limited to the Ambato-Lataeunga region.

過于絕對化,信息錯誤。

E.This distribution indicates that the Ambato-Lataeunga region was known primarily as trading center

未提及的信息。

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作者:alchemist·/alchemist97(都是我)?

我聲明本文章解析全部內(nèi)容都為我一人創(chuàng)作:未經(jīng)授權(quán)不得基于解析內(nèi)容二次更改、創(chuàng)作、復制等。

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