{"ops":[{"insert":"以下簡單介紹一下戰(zhàn)后英國航母的使用情況。并從此看女王級的設(shè)計(jì)問題。\n\n也許我們從上帝視角看70年前的問題會輕而易舉的得出某些結(jié)論，\n\n但是順著時(shí)間線走，才知道RN在航母發(fā)展上撞得頭破血流。\n\n因此，大家都了解的東西就不在贅述。講講有意思的東西。\n\n光輝級"},{"attributes":{"header":2},"insert":"\n"},{"insert":"\n首先，不得不提的是作為承前啟后的光輝級航母。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/e5b96994f4cfea3ada9eda038019b2c58a16ff95.jpg","width":1580,"height":870,"size":550199,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"光輝級設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)為：裝甲甲板，單層機(jī)庫。雖然在WWII中，這導(dǎo)致了艦載機(jī)較少（龐大的劍魚，梭魚導(dǎo)致前期30+），后期在風(fēng)平浪靜的太平洋，小型化的艦載機(jī)加上以甲板系留，天花板吊裝增至50架左右。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/a2cf680067bf69dd8974ba2c5e414903c419e184.jpg","width":1920,"height":911,"size":1022234,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n同時(shí)每艦情況各不一樣。特別是針對二戰(zhàn)飛機(jī)進(jìn)行改進(jìn)的3,4號艦以及怨仇級兩艘。雖然改成了雙層機(jī)庫可搭載更多的二戰(zhàn)艦載機(jī)，但由于不適應(yīng)噴氣機(jī)時(shí)代，因而被早早放棄。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/a80198e72e737918c0c4d522e093055f3d7fc5f5.jpg","width":1439,"height":1436,"size":1799710,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"隨著戰(zhàn)后噴氣機(jī)時(shí)代的到來，光輝級中的二號艦勝利號承擔(dān)了包括斜角甲板，助降設(shè)備等適應(yīng)噴氣機(jī)時(shí)代的實(shí)驗(yàn)艦。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/3851e2ff80eb721cdc150a4b7e59f95f3c3cc504.jpg","width":2200,"height":1300,"size":1015875,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"這次改裝是耗費(fèi)巨大的，\n\n1，后部升降機(jī)進(jìn)行了擴(kuò)大，以滿足更大型的艦載機(jī)。\n\n2，艦首升降機(jī)拆除，加設(shè)兩條更大型的彈射器，并在后方重新安置新的大型的升降機(jī)。\n\n3，斜角甲板等一系列適應(yīng)噴氣機(jī)的助降設(shè)備\n\n4，雷達(dá)電子設(shè)備。\n\n這里的升級與實(shí)驗(yàn)是具有劃時(shí)代意義的，所有的升級項(xiàng)目均為噴氣機(jī)服務(wù)。\n\n42年輕型艦隊(duì)航母"},{"attributes":{"header":2},"insert":"\n"},{"insert":"\n有了勝利號的承前啟后，也隨著戰(zhàn)后殖民地向英聯(lián)邦的轉(zhuǎn)變。為了節(jié)約開支，RN將目光放到了戰(zhàn)時(shí)應(yīng)急建造的大量巨人級，莊嚴(yán)級輕型艦隊(duì)航母上。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/b0274d5bfb7edf78a137413f90114bdc2f66b0b4.jpg","width":2100,"height":1243,"size":860583,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"巨人級莊嚴(yán)級可以叫做1942年輕型艦隊(duì)航母方案，建成服役16艘，其中18500噸左右的排水量，剛剛過200米的長度，使得他能在英國大部分造船廠開工。且與光輝級相比，雖然沒有什么裝甲防護(hù)，但是在艦載機(jī)起降的能力上，由于長度與光輝級接近，從而使得它非常具有性價(jià)比。\n\n但是核武器的出現(xiàn)，二戰(zhàn)的提前結(jié)束導(dǎo)致了他沒了用武之地。巨人級大量出售，輾轉(zhuǎn)各地。引發(fā)了第一次CV大爆發(fā)。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/20aa6ed9fe20a1852af068eec2ef4301ac3f1925.jpg","width":696,"height":661,"size":261403,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"42年輕型艦隊(duì)航母在經(jīng)過現(xiàn)代化改裝后，能滿足一定程度的噴氣機(jī)起降能力，但是隨著飛機(jī)越來越大，42年輕型艦隊(duì)航母的起降效率并不能被RN所接受，因此大多選擇出售。其中巨人級里，包括髪國的巨人號，改名為阿羅芒什。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/5a474281ce26d42259c0c6786155c9b9b7636551.jpg","width":700,"height":451,"size":235721,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"荷蘭再到阿根廷的尊敬號，改名為卡雷爾.多爾曼和五月二十五。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/1b0ee1e7bad0cc60824361d7ba8a1bcd5fc74dfe.jpg","width":1400,"height":933,"size":1823475,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"復(fù)仇號輾轉(zhuǎn)澳大利亞最后落戶巴西，更名為米納斯吉拉斯。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/29750244f3cfdd53ec275b0b4d8b8a0fab413c02.jpg","width":1853,"height":1301,"size":2296592,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"勇士號從加拿大，再到阿根廷，改名為獨(dú)立號。\n\n而6艘尊嚴(yán)級里，也大量外售，包括\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/595cf9276a0bf9b3cf01c80670cf9e94079bba5b.jpg","width":1000,"height":662,"size":987536,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"尊嚴(yán)號去了澳大利亞，改名墨爾本。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/1fab9bc168ae1b0797e47d909c484f062e5e89e5.jpg","width":1170,"height":693,"size":890098,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"大力神號，出售印度，成為印度首艘航母維克蘭特號。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/521eb63b11426aefd36a23a0d0d8326c8a570d30.jpg","width":486,"height":366,"size":147446,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"壯麗號去了加拿大，維持原名。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/2f29a1411a35af117af8f7c1b7d92ef35b3bb1bf.jpg","width":800,"height":387,"size":446029,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"有力號去了加拿大，改名博納文特號。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.s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新一代小型CV的時(shí)代即將到來。\n\n半人馬級艦隊(duì)航母"},{"attributes":{"header":2},"insert":"\n"},{"insert":"\n大膽級高昂的造價(jià)，不合理的設(shè)計(jì)注定了他不能量產(chǎn)。在維持一定海軍規(guī)模的同時(shí)，降低航母造價(jià)使其達(dá)到接近的水平是非常有意義的。這時(shí)，結(jié)合大膽級與42年輕型艦隊(duì)航母的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，半人馬級應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/006976c54f5dcfcd3157b8288f984ea7f166ac9b.jpg","width":512,"height":383,"size":120398,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"簡單的說，他就是比42年輕型艦隊(duì)航母大，比大膽級小的存在。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/fc20bcdf7d613f7420095627caae6b9a01232f24.jpg","width":1800,"height":1243,"size":746080,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"半人馬級航母擁有比巨人級，尊嚴(yán)級更長，更完整的斜角甲板，兩臺彈射器。能達(dá)到稍弱于大膽級1改左右的實(shí)力。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/a0d7a599dadd72694fd927f2a7997f95e25da55a.jpg","width":1260,"height":776,"size":479581,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"隨著直升機(jī)的大力發(fā)展，且F4k鬼怪的出現(xiàn)，半人馬級太小導(dǎo)致又限制了他的搭載能力。RN只能將其作為直升機(jī)突擊艦，在反潛和兩棲作戰(zhàn)中繼續(xù)發(fā)揮作用。阿爾比恩和布爾沃克作為備用艦載馬島戰(zhàn)爭時(shí)，也一直守到了無敵級第二艘光輝號（卓越號）的服役。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/2db61424addd55305fadb051915ed0a63ed3839e.jpg","width":1464,"height":1101,"size":1987825,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"競技神其實(shí)應(yīng)該單獨(dú)作為一級，因?yàn)樗劝肴笋R級大太多了，他的甲板長度，面積都無限逼近皇家方舟與鷹級。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/41470f50e10bd525775ff8f0440c6d1b2f4d334d.jpg","width":1632,"height":1438,"size":934231,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"在設(shè)計(jì)過程中更多的是照搬了勝利號與大膽的多項(xiàng)設(shè)計(jì)，在RN的地位中，新銳服役的競技神一直是和大膽級平級的存在。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/a514751442358207b8f73e315a8f9531db68171d.jpg","width":2200,"height":1300,"size":935272,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"雖然競技神的甲板面積與皇家方舟差不多，但是，競技神也有一個巨大的問題，和大膽級一樣，宣判他死刑的也同樣是升降機(jī)。隨著F4k的引入，競技神在斜角甲板的升降機(jī)擋住了兩個更大型升降機(jī)的擺放。此問題也困擾這大膽級，但是拆掉了這個升降機(jī)的大膽還有能力繼續(xù)安放其他升降機(jī)，而競技神則捉襟見肘，導(dǎo)致F4k徹底沒機(jī)會了。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/1a18ba81c6862fd8ede33ba07c94e673cfc354cc.jpg","width":716,"height":547,"size":351967,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"鷂式戰(zhàn)機(jī)的服役，拯救了這艘新銳的，不甘成為直升機(jī)搭載艦的艦隊(duì)航母。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/70199399dd3756e123d7f92e0401a446644f1715.jpg","width":603,"height":479,"size":318409,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"后邊的事，大家都知道了。滑越甲板的競技神，撐起了馬島的半邊天。\n\n無敵級"},{"attributes":{"header":2},"insert":"\n"},{"insert":"\n其實(shí)，無敵級它并不是航母。這里要介紹下他的設(shè)計(jì)背景。\n\n當(dāng)時(shí)一致認(rèn)為，核潛艇才是未來，航母就是靶子。英國面對的所有威脅都來自于毛子龐大的核潛艇艦隊(duì)。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/714b8151d30b8a1010e041eed47846a33ebc0789.jpg","width":2000,"height":1243,"size":824752,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"而無敵級設(shè)計(jì)之初，是為了作為虎級巡洋艦的替代產(chǎn)品而設(shè)計(jì)的。而命名也叫做直升機(jī)巡洋艦。所以，和虎級一樣是三艘，同時(shí)較長的艦島，首部的海標(biāo)槍也是為了瞞過國會的審查。滑越甲板是他建造一段時(shí)間才加的。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/a2aa67f3067db9074cfbb76b53218df23980d094.jpg","width":1919,"height":899,"size":1906290,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"馬島，阿富汗，伊拉克可以看出，無敵級與競技神，包括后來的海洋號一直讓RN可以組建一支雙直通甲板，鷂式戰(zhàn)機(jī)為主的艦隊(duì)。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/4c6d8e5476b42d1be87549f9daddab0360ecb731.jpg","width":298,"height":169,"size":33681,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"而海鷂的強(qiáng)勢應(yīng)用，不僅為RN的航母能力續(xù)上了40年，也為42年輕型艦隊(duì)航母增強(qiáng)了壽命。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/34d2988c21140023da21ce5e02556097db6ea930.jpg","width":600,"height":398,"size":140597,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"同時(shí)如美國塔拉瓦、黃蜂級兩棲攻擊艦，西班牙迷宮號（卡伯特號航空母艦）、阿圖里亞斯親王航母，意大利加里波第號、加富爾號航空母艦，泰國差克里·納呂貝特號航空母艦等第二次航母大爆發(fā)也隨之而來。\n\n如果按年代作為節(jié)點(diǎn)"},{"attributes":{"header":2},"insert":"\n"},{"insert":"\n60年代為終點(diǎn)，艦載機(jī)以海雌狐，彎刀為主的亞音速艦載機(jī)"},{"attributes":{"header":2},"insert":"\n"},{"insert":"\n勝利號\n\n巨人級與尊嚴(yán)級\n\n大膽級1改\n\n半人馬級\n\n競技神\n\n80年代為終點(diǎn)，以F4K為主的超音速艦載機(jī)"},{"attributes":{"header":2},"insert":"\n"},{"insert":"\n大膽\n\n80年代后，以鷂式戰(zhàn)機(jī)為主的垂直起降型艦載機(jī)"},{"attributes":{"header":2},"insert":"\n"},{"insert":"\n競技神\n\n無敵\n\n1，從時(shí)間線上看，60年代的蘇伊士運(yùn)河戰(zhàn)爭巨變，是RN衰敗的第一原因。但與此同時(shí)的是，如F4k等2代超音速戰(zhàn)機(jī)的引入，徹底的宣告了勝利，巨人，尊嚴(yán)，半人馬的生命結(jié)束。\n\n2，蘇聯(lián)水下艦隊(duì)的威脅，F(xiàn)14雄貓等三代大型戰(zhàn)機(jī)的出現(xiàn)，航母無用論的出現(xiàn)宣告了大膽級的退役。但很多船本身也服役了20~30年，是基本滿足設(shè)計(jì)壽命的。而海軍將更多的經(jīng)費(fèi)用到了更花錢的核潛艇上。\n\n3，直升機(jī)在反潛與兩棲的能力，救活了半人馬，鷂式戰(zhàn)機(jī)讓競技神與無敵級擁有了搭載噴氣式戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)的能力。\n\n而如果沒有F14，直接進(jìn)入到F18或雙風(fēng)，大膽級是有一定可能滿足起降的。而如果快進(jìn)到鷂式戰(zhàn)機(jī)，則包括42年輕型艦隊(duì)航母的一票船經(jīng)過改裝都是具有這個起降能力。皂滑弄人。\n\n因此女王級航母的設(shè)計(jì)壽命定為50年，則一定要避免如大膽，半人馬這些航母的深坑。\n\n先告一段落，下半部分將會講綜合以上問題，設(shè)計(jì)QE的時(shí)候，RN繞開了哪些坑。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/e6f1c49f02e0222387f0fc8cb20ee3e3eaefe650.jpg","width":766,"height":500,"size":229833,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/7f6ab8f1777b44b601f1c6fb060fc9a6ab4de126.jpg","width":418,"height":600,"size":228000,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/ec8929a682c6c22105464b0e7c715d00c19bb6d5.jpg","width":1350,"height":1080,"size":481807,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/d27775fd1716c784f8419c61c8d713ac5e0fa37f.jpg","width":960,"height":1200,"size":711862,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/c2466c235581f0368ef026e17d3547552a1a46e1.jpg","width":960,"height":722,"size":502016,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/5d97fbe9ca888bc9da72f89b68a4c3a809f776db.jpg","width":2048,"height":964,"size":862952,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/992005d197c67788567ac2ff18fa000a3fb22b96.jpg","width":1350,"height":1080,"size":577484,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/6ba05b97b1bcf6f5b289ad14d41713f20baa1928.jpg","width":1080,"height":1350,"size":589855,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/38bd1ce5b0a20ae242a87f4811d066606c39010f.jpg","width":1024,"height":672,"size":572930,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/8ea7c8c2bc17aebab1e6e5b0baa0d6ca9a9fd9b6.jpg","width":1627,"height":1080,"size":528694,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/179cbae50f2bfd79f0629c4e61a920e168dd5be5.jpg","width":1132,"height":1080,"size":955639,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/de9b47c1ea890e8c0430945e831964608f20c932.jpg","width":1800,"height":961,"size":1210032,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/319c5fd61682a9cf60cb3f3d233bcc78e5258c1d.jpg","width":800,"height":534,"size":348666,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/2c01b5d95fc0fe5ba66accb4edfd410bc6bfe4f2.jpg","width":1621,"height":1080,"size":840706,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/b531d5cb07d0fb0f7b81747ee6755c2ac0c23cbd.jpg","width":1080,"height":608,"size":436388,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/5132e8c2a5c611e74864ec949127f62f97bdb383.jpg","width":1080,"height":1080,"size":529365,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/25a77c3a38445657fd6453931fe7fcbf4ab9805a.jpg","width":584,"height":389,"size":331307,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/363b11319b6411c9a245c2b02c94da69b4689071.jpg","width":474,"height":378,"size":201134,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\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