大學(xué)英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤2-1-1
名詞和動(dòng)詞混淆
【誤】His speech effected the audience deeply.
【正】His speech affected the audience deeply.
聽(tīng)眾深為他的演說(shuō)所感動(dòng)。
effect是名詞,“效果,效力,影響”。詞組put into effect,“實(shí)行,生效”。
affect是及物動(dòng)詞,“影響,感動(dòng)”。
形容詞或介詞和動(dòng)詞的混淆
【誤】We past several buildings before we came to the factory.
【正】We passed several buildings before we came to the factory.
我們走過(guò)幾座樓房,然后來(lái)到了工廠門口。
past作為名詞時(shí)“過(guò)去,往事”;作為形容詞是“過(guò)去的”;用作介詞是“過(guò)……”;用作副詞是“經(jīng)過(guò)”,但不是動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)詞是pass“經(jīng)過(guò),通過(guò)”。
第二章? 名詞的錯(cuò)誤Errors in the Noun
數(shù)的錯(cuò)誤
名詞分為專有名詞和普通名詞。
普通名詞按意義分為集體名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞等
按語(yǔ)法特征分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞
1. 可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞誤用
【誤】What beautiful sight those roses make!
【正】What a beautiful sight those roses make!
那些玫瑰花構(gòu)成一幅多么美的景象??!
sight作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)表示“視力”、“視野”。如:
He had his sight tested by a doctor.
他讓醫(yī)生給他檢查視力。
【誤】What surprise to see you here!
【正】What a surprise to see you here!
在這里見(jiàn)到你真是意外!
surprise作不可數(shù)名詞,“驚奇”。如:
This causes great surprise.
這事引起了極大的詫異。
作可數(shù)名詞時(shí),“意外的事件”
【誤】He has very good knowledge of English.
【正】He has a very good knowledge of English.
他通曉英語(yǔ)。
knowledge為不可數(shù)名詞,如:
Knowledge is power.
知識(shí)就是力量。
但在“a knowledge of”中的冠詞不可或缺,“knowledge”這里是“熟悉”,不可數(shù)變成了可數(shù),含義有所改變,如:
Light travels faster than sound.
光比聲音傳得快。
Have you got a light?
你有火嗎?