loath
Loath 這個(gè)單詞的意思是“不愿意的,勉強(qiáng)的,不情愿的,反感的”,通常指對(duì)做某事或者接受某事有著抵觸或者厭惡的心理。?例如:
He was loath to admit that he was wrong. 他不愿意承認(rèn)他錯(cuò)了。
She is loath to leave her hometown. 她不想離開她的家鄉(xiāng)。
They were loath to accept his help, fearing he had ulterior motives. 他們不情愿接受他的幫助,擔(dān)心他有別的目的。
Loath 這個(gè)單詞來自于古英語的 lāth,意思是“敵對(duì)的,仇恨的”。?Lāth 這個(gè)詞可能又來自于原始日耳曼語的 *laithaz,意思是“仇恨,厭惡”。
Loath 這個(gè)單詞有一些近義詞,比如 reluctant, unwilling, disinclined, averse 等。這些詞都表示對(duì)做某事或者接受某事有著抵觸或者厭惡的心理,但是有一些細(xì)微的差別:
Reluctant 來自于拉丁語的 reluctantem,意思是“反抗的,抵抗的”。 Reluctant 通常指對(duì)做某事或者接受某事有著猶豫或者擔(dān)憂,因?yàn)橛X得不合適或者不利。 例如:
He was reluctant to go to the party, because he didn’t know anyone there. 他不太想去那個(gè)派對(duì),因?yàn)樗徽J(rèn)識(shí)那里的任何人。
She reluctantly agreed to his proposal, hoping he would change his mind. 她勉強(qiáng)同意了他的提議,希望他能改變主意。
Unwilling 來自于古英語的 unwillende,意思是“不愿意的”。 Unwilling 通常指對(duì)做某事或者接受某事有著反對(duì)或者拒絕的態(tài)度,因?yàn)橛X得不喜歡或者不公平。 例如:
He was unwilling to share his toys with his sister. 他不愿意和他妹妹分享他的玩具。
She was unwilling to compromise, insisting on her own way. 她不愿意妥協(xié),堅(jiān)持她自己的方式。
Disinclined 來自于拉丁語的 disinclinare,意思是“傾斜”。 Disinclined 通常指對(duì)做某事或者接受某事有著傾向或者偏好上的不同意,因?yàn)橛X得沒有興趣或者沒有必要。 例如:
He was disinclined to join the club, because he had other hobbies. 他不太想加入俱樂部,因?yàn)樗衅渌麗酆谩?/p>
She was disinclined to believe his story, because it sounded too unbelievable. 她不太相信他的故事,因?yàn)樗犉饋硖豢伤甲h。
Averse 通常指對(duì)做某事或者接受某事有著反感或者厭惡的情緒,因?yàn)橛X得有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)或者有害。 例如:
He was averse to taking risks, preferring to play it safe. 他不喜歡冒險(xiǎn),更喜歡穩(wěn)妥。
She was averse to violence, and avoided watching horror movies. 她反感暴力,避免看恐怖電影。