牧游社 牧有漢化翻譯

Dev Diary #45 – Elections

neondt, Content Designer

Good evening and welcome once again to a Victoria 3 Development Diary! Today's topic is elections. We'll be covering the various laws that enable and affect voting, as well as the progression of Election Campaigns and how they affect political power in your country. We'll briefly be mentioning Political Parties in this dev diary, but they're not the focus of this week - more on that next time! For now, I'll just say that Political Parties in Victoria 3 exist in democracies and are made up of alliances of Interest Groups.

大家晚上好！歡迎來(lái)到最新一期的維多利亞3開(kāi)發(fā)日志！本周日志的主題是選舉。我們將涵蓋支持和影響投票的各種法律、競(jìng)選活動(dòng)的進(jìn)展以及它們對(duì)政治權(quán)力的影響。我們將在本日志中簡(jiǎn)要介紹政黨，但它們不是本周的重點(diǎn)——因?yàn)橄轮懿泡喌剿麄?！現(xiàn)在，我先明確一下，維多利亞3中的政黨存在于民主政體中，并由利益集團(tuán)聯(lián)盟組成。

A country has Elections if it has any of the Distribution of Power laws that enable voting:

如果一個(gè)國(guó)家有任何允許投票的權(quán)力分配法案，那么它就有選舉：

Landed Voting:?Aristocrats, Capitalists, Clergymen, and Officers hold essentially all voting power, gaining a huge bonus to the Political Strength they contribute to their Interest Groups.
地產(chǎn)投票權(quán)：貴族、資本家、神職人員和官員基本壟斷所有選票，他們給自己的利益集團(tuán)貢獻(xiàn)政治力量會(huì)獲得巨大增益。

Wealth Voting:?There is a Wealth Threshold that determines a pop's eligibility to vote. Pops that can vote have more Political Strength.
財(cái)產(chǎn)投票權(quán)：投票的資格有財(cái)產(chǎn)門(mén)檻?？梢酝镀钡娜丝趽碛懈嗟恼瘟α俊?br>
Census Suffrage:?The Wealth Threshold is significantly lower than in Wealth Voting. Literate pops contribute much more Political Strength to their Interest Groups.
資格性選舉權(quán)：財(cái)產(chǎn)門(mén)檻明顯低于財(cái)產(chǎn)投票權(quán)。有文化的人口為他們的利益集團(tuán)貢獻(xiàn)更多的政治力量。

Universal Suffrage:?There is no Wealth Threshold for voting. Pop type and literacy do not grant additional Political Strength. Though of course a pop's wealth will continue to contribute to their Political Strength, and Literacy will make pops more politically engaged.
普遍選舉權(quán)：投票沒(méi)有財(cái)富門(mén)檻。人口類(lèi)型和文化不帶來(lái)額外的政治力量。當(dāng)然，人口的財(cái)富仍將為他們的政治力量做出貢獻(xiàn)，而識(shí)字率將提升人口的政治參與度。

Under the Wealth Voting Law, political power is held by the pops (and their Interest Groups) who can accumulate the most wealth, and largely denied entirely to the destitute. This naturally favors Aristocrats and the Landowners in more agricultural economies, while favoring Capitalists and the Industrialists in more industrialized economies.

在財(cái)產(chǎn)投票權(quán)下，政治權(quán)力由能夠積累最多財(cái)富的人口（及其利益集團(tuán)）掌握，而窮人的投票權(quán)則在很大程度上被完全剝奪。這自然有利于農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)中的貴族和地主，而工業(yè)化程度更高的經(jīng)濟(jì)體中資本家和工業(yè)家則更為獲利。

All of these laws are compatible with any of the Governance Principles laws. A country with the Monarchy law for instance could be an absolute monarchy with no voting system at all, or it could have Universal Suffrage - likewise a Republic might very well be a presidential dictatorship. If you are so inclined, you could even create a Council Republic or Theocracy that uses Wealth Voting (though it would be bound to create some political conflict, to put it lightly).

上述所有法律都與任一“政府原則”類(lèi)別的法律都兼容。例如，一個(gè)擁有君主制的國(guó)家可能是一個(gè)完全沒(méi)有投票制度的絕對(duì)君主制國(guó)家，或者它也可能是一個(gè)有普選權(quán)的君主國(guó)——同樣，一個(gè)共和國(guó)很可能是一個(gè)總統(tǒng)獨(dú)裁政權(quán)。如果愿意，您甚至可以創(chuàng)建一個(gè)使用財(cái)產(chǎn)加權(quán)投票的議會(huì)共和國(guó)或神權(quán)政治（當(dāng)然，說(shuō)得輕巧，這勢(shì)必會(huì)造成一些政治沖突）。

There are three factors that, when applicable, will prevent pops from voting entirely:

在適用的情況下，有三個(gè)因素會(huì)阻止人口完全踐行自己的選舉權(quán)：

1.Discrimination. Discriminated pops cannot vote in Elections.
1、歧視。受歧視的人口不能在選舉中投票。

2.Living in an Unincorporated State. Only pops living in Incorporated States can participate in Elections. Pops living in, for example, a growing colony cannot vote.
2、居住在未整合地區(qū)。只有居住在已整合地區(qū)的人口才能參加選舉。例如，居住在發(fā)展中的殖民地的人口不能投票。

3.Politically Inactive pops do not vote, regardless of whether they are "legally" eligible. These pops are not part of any Interest Group, and tend to have low Literacy and/or Standard of Living. Peasants working in Subsistence Farms, for instance, are almost always Politically Inactive.
3、政治上不活躍的人口不能投票，無(wú)論他們是否能“合法”投票。 這些人口不屬于任何利益集團(tuán)，并且往往識(shí)字率和/或生活水平較低。例如，在自給農(nóng)場(chǎng)工作的農(nóng)民幾乎總是在政治上不活躍。

In 1913, suffragette Emily Davison was killed by the king's horse during a race. A passionate believer in her cause, she had been arrested repeatedly by the British government and force-fed while on hunger strikes.

1913年，婦女選舉權(quán)主義者艾米麗戴維森在一場(chǎng)比賽中被國(guó)王的馬殺死。她是自己事業(yè)的狂熱信徒，曾多次被英國(guó)政府逮捕，并在絕食期間強(qiáng)行灌食。

女權(quán)主義者遇害
倫敦各郡的事件
今日一名爭(zhēng)取婦女投票權(quán)的活動(dòng)家在德比附近遇害，兇手為漢諾威的威廉的一匹馬。
“有人天生即戰(zhàn)士。但真正的女戰(zhàn)士是那些愿為她們的性別爭(zhēng)取自由珍珠而奮斗至死的勇士們?！?br>- 如果基礎(chǔ)的人權(quán)都被落實(shí)，沒(méi)人會(huì)死！
- 我們不能為如此蠢事擴(kuò)展政治權(quán)利。

This is a good opportunity to talk about the women's suffrage movement. In Victoria 3, passing the Women's Suffrage Law will greatly increase both your Workforce Ratio and your Dependent Enfranchisement. This means that a greater proportion of pops will be eligible to work in Buildings, and a much greater proportion of Dependents will now count towards the voting power of their pop. There will be very little support among Interest Groups to pass this Law in 1836 however. After researching Feminism (or having the technology spread to your country), politicians will begin to appear with the Feminist ideology, which causes them to strongly approve of Women's Suffrage and disapprove of less egalitarian laws. Once you research Political Agitation, the suffrage movement will begin in full force. The 'Votes for Women' Journal Entry will appear, and events will trigger from it that will give you the opportunity to grow or suppress the Political Movement. You can complete the Journal Entry by passing the Law and having your first Election Campaign with women eligible to vote; alternatively you can ignore or suppress the movement until it loses its momentum and withers away.

這是一個(gè)談?wù)搵D女選舉權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的好機(jī)會(huì)。在維多利亞3中，通過(guò)婦女選舉權(quán)法案將大大提高勞動(dòng)力占比和受撫養(yǎng)人口選舉權(quán)。這意味著更大比例的人口能在建筑中工作，并且更大比例的受撫養(yǎng)人口能獲得他們所在人口的投票權(quán)。然而，利益集團(tuán)很少支持在1836年通過(guò)該法案。在研究女權(quán)主義科技（或者在該科技擴(kuò)散過(guò)來(lái)）之后，政客中將出現(xiàn)女權(quán)主義意識(shí)形態(tài)的支持者，這導(dǎo)致他們強(qiáng)烈支持婦女選舉權(quán)，并反對(duì)不那么平等的法律。一旦你研究了政治鼓動(dòng)，選舉權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)就會(huì)轟轟烈烈地進(jìn)行?！芭酝镀睓?quán)”任務(wù)日志將會(huì)出現(xiàn)，并且會(huì)觸發(fā)事件，讓您有機(jī)會(huì)發(fā)展或壓制政治運(yùn)動(dòng)。您可以通過(guò)相關(guān)法律，并讓有資格投票的女性進(jìn)行首次競(jìng)選活動(dòng)，以完成這個(gè)任務(wù)日志；或者，您可以忽略或壓制運(yùn)動(dòng)，直到它失去動(dòng)力并消失。

Why, you ask, would you want to suppress the suffrage movement? If you're striving for an egalitarian society you certainly wouldn't. But if instead you're trying to preserve the aristocracy and maintain a conservative nation then not only will your ruling Interest Groups strongly disapprove of Women's Suffrage but it will also be very harmful to their political power. Greater Dependent Enfranchisement inherently benefits larger pops more than smaller pops (especially under more egalitarian Laws like Universal Suffrage where wealth counts for less), and it is inevitable that there are vastly more Laborers, Machinists, and Farmers than there ever will be Aristocrats or Capitalists. Pops may begin to wonder why the Lower Strata, the largest class, does not simply eat the other two.

那么，為什么你想要打壓選舉權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)呢？如果你在爭(zhēng)取一個(gè)平等的社會(huì)，那么自然你就不會(huì)這么做。但是，如果你在試圖保留貴族統(tǒng)治且維護(hù)保守的國(guó)家，你執(zhí)政的利益集團(tuán)不但會(huì)極度反對(duì)婦女參政權(quán)，而且他們的政治力量也會(huì)受到極大的損害。受撫養(yǎng)人口的參政權(quán)越大，則對(duì)較大的Pops比較小的Pops更加有利（特別是像在普選這樣更平等的法律之下，財(cái)富的權(quán)重更?。?，而且不可避免的是，勞工、機(jī)械師和農(nóng)民比貴族或資本家要多得多。Pops可能會(huì)開(kāi)始想，為什么底層階級(jí)作為人數(shù)最多的階級(jí)，不簡(jiǎn)單地解決掉其他兩個(gè)階級(jí)呢？

The Whigs took a catastrophic hit in the polls after I repeatedly fired a negative election event to test the system.

在我反復(fù)發(fā)起負(fù)面選舉事件以測(cè)試系統(tǒng)之后，輝格黨在民調(diào)中收到了災(zāi)難性的打擊。

Elections happen every 4 years in countries with voting laws. An Election Campaign begins 6 months prior to a country's Election date. Each Political Party is assigned a Momentum value at the beginning of the Campaign, which is a measure of the success of their campaign and is a major factor in determining how many Votes they will garner on election day. During this campaign, Momentum will fluctuate for each of the running Political Parties and impact the final result. Since Parties, Leaders, and many other aspects of the political scene in your country are likely to have changed in the years since the previous election, the Momentum from previous elections does not carry over and is reset. Momentum can be affected by chance, events, and the Popularity of Interest Group Leaders.

在有選舉法律的國(guó)家，大選每四年舉行一次。競(jìng)選活動(dòng)在大選日前六個(gè)月開(kāi)始。每個(gè)政黨在活動(dòng)開(kāi)始前就會(huì)被分配給一個(gè)動(dòng)量Momentum值，用來(lái)衡量它們競(jìng)選是否會(huì)成功，以及決定它們?cè)诖筮x日會(huì)獲得多少選票。在大選活動(dòng)中，每個(gè)活躍政黨的動(dòng)量值會(huì)不斷波動(dòng)，并影響最終大選結(jié)果。由于政黨、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人以及政治舞臺(tái)的其它方面在過(guò)去幾年中發(fā)生了許多變化，上一屆大選的動(dòng)量值不會(huì)延續(xù)而是會(huì)被重置。動(dòng)量值會(huì)受到機(jī)會(huì)、事件和利益集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人受歡迎程度的影響。

The Tories' success in the last election empowered the Landed Gentry, though the sheer wealth of their aristocratic supporters is still the largest contributor to their Political Strength under Great Britain's Wealth Voting law.

托利黨在上次選舉中的成功增強(qiáng)了地主階級(jí)的權(quán)力，盡管根據(jù)英國(guó)的財(cái)產(chǎn)投票法，其貴族支持者的純粹財(cái)富仍是其政治力量的最大貢獻(xiàn)者。

When the Election Campaign ends, the votes are in and the results are set in place until the next election. Interest Groups receive additional Political Strength from their party's Votes, which will be a major factor determining your Legitimacy and therefore the effectiveness of your government. The actual makeup of your government is still up to you; just like the electoral systems of most modern countries, winning the popular vote does not automatically mean that a certain party or coalition of parties gets to form a government. But the post-election strength of your Interest Groups and their Party affiliations should be a major consideration, especially if you're forming a minority government.

當(dāng)選舉活動(dòng)結(jié)束之后，本次的選票已經(jīng)入箱、選情已經(jīng)敲定。利益集團(tuán)會(huì)從其政黨的選票中獲得額外的政治力量，這將作為決定執(zhí)政合法性和政府效率的主要因素。實(shí)際上的政府組成仍然由你決定：正如大多數(shù)現(xiàn)代國(guó)家的選舉制度一樣，贏得選戰(zhàn)并不代表某個(gè)政黨或政治聯(lián)盟會(huì)自動(dòng)組建政府。但是，利益集團(tuán)以及他們的黨派在選舉后得到的政治力量應(yīng)該作為一個(gè)主要考量，特別是如果你組建的是一個(gè)少數(shù)派政府的話。

In Victoria 3, Elections can be a powerful force for political change but also a source of volatility. Dealing with (and if you're so inclined, manipulating) Election results will be a major consideration when you form your governments. In this dev diary I've mentioned Political Parties, and we know you're eager to hear more about them since the last time we communicated on the topic. You'll be pleased to discover that in next week's dev diary we'll be covering our design for Political Parties in more detail, so watch this space!

在維多利亞3中，選舉既可以是政治變革的重大力量，也可以是動(dòng)蕩的來(lái)源。處理（或者更傾向于“操縱”）選舉結(jié)果是組建政府時(shí)一個(gè)重要的考慮。在這個(gè)日志里咱們聊到了政黨，同時(shí)我們也知道在上次討論這個(gè)話題之后，你們就一直很想聽(tīng)到關(guān)于這些話題的更多內(nèi)容。下周的日志我們會(huì)更詳細(xì)介紹政黨系統(tǒng)，所以瞧好了！

翻譯：萊恩希德公爵 沒(méi)有V3正式版玩我要死了

校對(duì)：三等文官猹中堂

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