BBC原文：Donald Trump's life story: From hotel developer to President——2020年11月3日

早在成為美國總統(tǒng)競選人之前（2016），唐納德 · 特朗普就是美國最著名、最精彩的億萬富翁。光陰似水，2020年，74歲的他要結(jié)束四年（2016-2020）總統(tǒng)生涯。

一丶Early life早年生活

Mr Trump is the fourth child of New York real estate tycoon Fred Trump. Despite the family's wealth, he was expected to work the lowest-tier jobs within his father's company and was sent off to a military academy at age 13 when he started misbehaving in school.

特朗普先生是美國紐約市房地產(chǎn)大亨弗雷德 · 特朗普的第四個(gè)孩子。盡管家里很富有，但人們還是希望他在父親的公司里從事最底層的工作，13歲時(shí)，他在學(xué)校里開始行為不端，就被送到了一所軍事學(xué)院。

After attending the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania he became favourite to succeed his father when his older brother, Fred, chose to become a pilot. Fred Trump died at 43 from alcoholism, an incident that his brother says led him to avoid alcohol and cigarettes his entire life.

在賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)讀完書后，他的哥哥弗雷德選擇成為一名飛行員，他成為了繼承父親事業(yè)的熱門人選。弗雷德在43歲時(shí)死于酗酒，這一事件導(dǎo)致他（川建國）一生都戒酒和戒煙。

Mr Trump says he got into real estate with?a "small" $1m loan?from his father before joining the company. He helped manage his father's extensive portfolio of residential housing projects in the New York City boroughs, and took control of the company - which he renamed the Trump Organization - in 1971.

特朗普先生說，在投身商場之前，他從父親那里得到了“小額”100萬美元，然后才進(jìn)入了房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)。1971年，他幫助管理父親在紐約市各區(qū)的大量住宅項(xiàng)目，并控制了這家公司——他將其重新命名為川普集團(tuán)公司。

His father died in 1999. "My father was my inspiration,"?Mr Trump said?at the time.

他的父親于1999年去世?！拔业母赣H是我的靈感，”特朗普先生當(dāng)時(shí)說。

二丶The mogul大人物

Shifting his family's business from residential units in Brooklyn and Queens to glitzy Manhattan projects, Mr Trump transformed the rundown Commodore Hotel into the Grand Hyatt and erected the most famous Trump property, the 68-storey Trump Tower on Fifth Avenue. Other properties bearing?the famous name?followed - Trump Place, Trump World Tower, Trump International Hotel and Tower, and so on. There are Trump Towers in Mumbai, Istanbul and the Philippines.

特朗普先生把他的家族企業(yè)從紐約市的布魯克林和皇后區(qū)的住宅單元轉(zhuǎn)移到了華麗的曼哈頓區(qū)，他把破舊的康莫多酒店(Commodore Hotel)改造成了 Grand Hyatt，并在第五大道上建起了最著名的特朗普地產(chǎn)——68層的特朗普大廈(Trump Tower)。其他以這個(gè)著名的名字命名的房產(chǎn)還有---- 特朗普廣場，特朗普世界大廈，川普國際酒店大廈等等。另外，印度孟買、巴基國伊斯坦布爾和菲律賓都有特朗普大廈。

And Mr Trump developed hotels and casinos, an arm of the business that has led to?four bankruptcy filings?(for the businesses, not personal bankruptcy).

特朗普先生開發(fā)了酒店和賭場，這是該公司的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了四起集團(tuán)破產(chǎn)申請(針對企業(yè)，而不是個(gè)人破產(chǎn))。

He also built an empire in the entertainment business. From 1996 until 2015, he was an owner in the Miss Universe, Miss USA, and Miss Teen USA beauty pageants. In 2003, he debuted an NBC reality television show called The Apprentice, in which contestants competed for a shot at a management job within Mr Trump's organisation. He hosted the show for 14 seasons, and said in a financial disclosure form that he had been paid a total of?$213m by the network?during the show's run.

他還在娛樂業(yè)建立了一個(gè)帝國。從1996年到2015年，他是環(huán)球小姐、美國小姐和美國小姐選美比賽的主持人丶金主。2003年，他推出了 NBC 的真人秀節(jié)目《飛黃騰達(dá)》(The Apprentice) ，其中參賽者競爭特朗普先生所在集團(tuán)的職位。他還主持了14季的節(jié)目，并在一份財(cái)務(wù)披露表中表示，在節(jié)目播出期間他從電視臺獲得了總共2.13億美元的報(bào)酬。

He has written several books, and owns a line of merchandise that sells everything from?neckties to bottled water. According to Forbes,?his net worth is $2.5bn?(￡1.9bn).

他還出版了幾本書，并擁有一系列商品，銷售從領(lǐng)帶到瓶裝水的各種商品。根據(jù)《福布斯》(Forbes)的數(shù)據(jù)，他的凈資產(chǎn)為25億美元（2020）。

In September, the New York Times reported that despite his purported wealth, Mr Trump paid just $750 in federal income tax both in 2016 and in his first year in the White House. The President dismissed the report as "fake news".

2020年9月，《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》報(bào)道稱，盡管特朗普先生聲稱擁有財(cái)富，但在2016年和入主白宮的第一年，他只繳納了750美元的聯(lián)邦所得稅。特朗普則認(rèn)為這份報(bào)告是“假新聞”。

三丶The husband and father丈夫和父親

Mr Trump has been married three times, though his most famous wife was his first - Ivana Zelnickova, a Czech athlete and model. The couple had three children - Donald Jr, Ivanka and Eric - before they filed for divorce in 1990. The ensuing court battle made for?numerous stories in the tabloid press. Those stories included allegations that he was abusive towards Ivana, though she later?downplayed the incidents.

特朗普先生已經(jīng)結(jié)過三次婚，他最著名的妻子是他的第一任妻子——捷克運(yùn)動(dòng)員和模特伊萬娜 · 澤爾尼科娃。這對夫婦在1990年提出離婚之前有三個(gè)孩子——小唐納丶伊萬卡丶埃里克。隨后的法庭離婚風(fēng)波在美國媒體上引起了無數(shù)的報(bào)道。這些故事包括他虐待伊萬娜的指控，盡管她后來淡化了這些事件（可能收了封口費(fèi)）。

He married actress Marla Maples in 1993. They had a daughter named Tiffany before divorcing in 1999. He married his current wife, Slovenian model Melania Knauss, in 2005, and the couple have one son, Barron William Trump.

1993年，他與女演員瑪拉 · 梅普爾斯結(jié)婚。在1999年離婚前，他們有一個(gè)女兒叫蒂凡尼。2005年，他與現(xiàn)任妻子、斯洛文尼亞模特梅拉尼婭 · 克瑙斯(Melania Knauss)結(jié)婚，并育有一子，名叫巴倫 · 威廉 · 特朗普(Barron William Trump)（至此，他共有5個(gè)孩子，3兒2女）。

His children from his first marriage now help run Trump Organization, though he is still chief executive. Ivanka, his eldest daughter, followed her dad to the White House, where she and her husband, Jared Kushner, serve as senior advisers.

他第一次婚姻所生的孩子現(xiàn)在幫助管理川普集團(tuán)，盡管特朗普仍然是集團(tuán)的首席執(zhí)行官。他的大女兒伊萬卡(Ivanka)跟隨父親來到白宮，大女兒和丈夫賈里德 · 庫什納(Jared Kushner)在白宮擔(dān)任高級顧問。

四丶The candidate候選人

Mr Trump expressed interest in running for President as early as 1987, and even entered the 2000 race as a Reform Party candidate.

早在1987年，特朗普先生就表達(dá)了競選美國總統(tǒng)的興趣，甚至以改革黨候選人的身份參加了2000年的總統(tǒng)競選。

After 2008, he became one of the most outspoken members of the "birther" movement, which questioned whether Barack Obama had been born in the US. Those claims have been thoroughly debunked; Mr Obama was born in Hawaii. Mr Trump finally admitted there was no truth to the claims although, characteristically, there was no apology.

2008年后，他成為“奧觀?？偨y(tǒng)出生地懷疑運(yùn)動(dòng)”(birther movement)中最直言不諱的成員之一。該運(yùn)動(dòng)質(zhì)疑巴拉克?奧巴馬(Barack Obama)是否出生在美國。這些說法已經(jīng)被徹底揭穿，有證據(jù)顯示奧巴馬先生出生在夏威夷。特朗普先生最終承認(rèn)他的說法沒有事實(shí)根據(jù)，但仍一如既往地沒有道歉。

It was not until June 2015 that Mr Trump formally announced his entrance into the race for the White House.

直到2015年6月，特朗普先生正式宣布進(jìn)入總統(tǒng)競選。

"We need somebody that literally will take this country and make it great again. We can do that," he said in his announcement speech, promising that as a candidate with no need to fundraise he answered to no special interests and was the perfect outsider candidate.

“我們需要一個(gè)真正能夠帶領(lǐng)這個(gè)國家重振雄風(fēng)的人。我們可以做到這一點(diǎn)，”他在宣布競選的演講中表示。他當(dāng)時(shí)承諾，作為一個(gè)不需要籌集資金的候選人，他不會對任何特殊利益集團(tuán)負(fù)責(zé)，是完美的局外人候選人。

Under the banner Make America Great Again, Mr Trump ran a controversial campaign built on promises to strengthen the American economy, build a wall on the border of Mexico and the US, and to temporarily ban immigration by Muslims "until our country's representatives can figure out what is going on".

在“讓美國再次偉大”的旗幟下，特朗普先生發(fā)起了一場有爭議的競選活動(dòng)，承諾加強(qiáng)美國經(jīng)濟(jì)，在墨西哥和美國邊境修建隔離墻，并暫時(shí)禁止穆斯林移民，“直到我們國家的話事人們能夠搞清楚到底發(fā)生了什么”。

Despite massive protests at his campaign events and the best efforts of his Republican rivals Ted Cruz and Marco Rubio, Mr Trump became the presumptive Republican Party nominee for President after the Indiana primary.

盡管特朗普在2016年競選活動(dòng)中遭到大規(guī)?？棺h，而且他的共和黨競爭對手泰德 · 克魯茲和馬爾科 · 盧比奧也盡了最大努力，但在印第安納州初選后，特朗普先生仍然成為共和黨總統(tǒng)候選人的推定人選。

五丶The election winner選舉獲勝者

Mr Trump's 2016 campaign for the presidency was rocked by controversies, including the emergence of a recording from 2005 of him making lewd remarks about women, and claims, including from members of his own party, that he was not fit for office.

特朗普先生2016年的總統(tǒng)競選活動(dòng)受到了各種爭議的沖擊，包括2005年出現(xiàn)的一段他對女性發(fā)表下流言論的錄音，以及聲稱他不適合擔(dān)任公職的言論，還包括來自他自己政黨成員的反對言論。

But he consistently told his army of supporters that he would defy the opinion polls, which mostly had him trailing Hillary Clinton, and that his presidency would strike a blow against the political establishment and "drain the swamp" in Washington.

但他一直對自己的支持者表示，他將無視民意調(diào)查結(jié)果。因?yàn)槊褚庹{(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，他的支持率大多落后于希拉里 · 克林頓(Hillary Clinton)。他還表示，他的總統(tǒng)任期將對美國傳統(tǒng)政治體制構(gòu)成打擊，并將“抽干華盛頓的沼澤”。

He took inspiration from the successful campaign to get Britain out of the European Union, saying he would pull off "Brexit times 10".

他另外還從英國脫離歐盟的成功運(yùn)動(dòng)中獲得靈感，說他將實(shí)現(xiàn)“10次脫歐”。

As his stunning victory was still sinking in across the US, his supporters got the chance to see him in the Oval Office when he and President Obama met for transition talks two days after election day.

當(dāng)他令人震驚的勝利仍然在美國各地蔓延時(shí)（2016），他的支持者終于有機(jī)會在橢圓形辦公室看到他，當(dāng)時(shí)他和奧巴馬總統(tǒng)（第44任總統(tǒng)）在選舉日兩天后舉行了過渡會談。

He is the first US President never to have held elected office or served in the military, meaning that he had already made history before he was sworn in as America's 45th President on 20 January 2017.

他是第一位從未當(dāng)選或服役的美國總統(tǒng)，這意味著在2017年1月20日宣誓就任美國第45任總統(tǒng)之前，他已經(jīng)創(chuàng)造了歷史。

六丶The President總統(tǒng)

In January 2017, he signed his first executive order, banning travel from seven countries, most with Muslim-majorities. The ban, decried as xenophobic by critics, has been upheld by the Supreme Court.

2017年1月，他簽署了自己的第一項(xiàng)總統(tǒng)行政命令，禁止從七個(gè)國家出境，其中大多數(shù)是穆斯林國家。這項(xiàng)被批評者斥為排外的禁令得到了美國最高法院的支持。

Months later, he shocked Washington by firing FBI Director James Comey. The sudden dismissal was described as potentially obstructing justice in a subsequent report from Special Counsel Robert Mueller, which probed alleged collusion between the 2016 Trump campaign and Russia.?

幾個(gè)月后，他解雇了美國聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局局長詹姆斯 · 科米，震驚了華盛頓傳統(tǒng)勢力。為了反抗，美國特別檢察官羅伯特 · 穆勒(Robert Mueller)隨后發(fā)表的一份報(bào)告稱，這個(gè)突然性的解職可能會妨礙司法公正。該報(bào)告還調(diào)查了2016年特朗普競選團(tuán)隊(duì)與俄國（美國敵國）之間的勾結(jié)。

Soon after, Mr Trump faced accusations that he had pressured a foreign government to dig up dirt on Democratic rival Joe Biden. The allegations prompted a Democratic-led impeachment inquiry, and Mr Trump became just the third US President in history to be impeached.

不久之后，特朗普先生面臨指控，稱他向外國（烏克蘭國）政府施壓，要求挖出民主黨競爭對手喬 · 拜登的丑聞。這些指控引發(fā)了民主黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的對他彈劾調(diào)查，以至于特朗普先生曾被懷疑會成為歷史上第三位被彈劾的美國總統(tǒng)。

Mr Trump has maintained his loyal base thanks to a number of campaign promises kept. Perhaps his most enduring legacy: nominating three right-wing justices to the Supreme Court, which will shape the country's policies for decades to come.

但是由于許多競選承諾得以兌現(xiàn)，特朗普先生保持了他忠實(shí)的選民基礎(chǔ)。也許他最持久的遺產(chǎn)是: 任命三名右翼法官為最高法院大法官，這將影響美國未來幾十年的政策。

His 2020 election year has been dominated by the coronavirus pandemic. He has faced intense criticism for his handling of the crisis, as the US leads the globe in deaths and infections. The voracious campaigner was even forced to take a break from the trail in October, after he was diagnosed with Covid-19 himself.

他的2020年選舉年主要被冠狀病毒大流行所影響。由于美國在死亡和感染方面處于全球領(lǐng)先地位，他對危機(jī)的處理方式受到了強(qiáng)烈批評。他甚至在2020年10月份被診斷出患有冠狀病毒疾病后被迫中斷2020年的總流競選活動(dòng)。

隨著四年總統(tǒng)任期的結(jié)束，特朗普開始了他的退休生活：打高爾夫球，發(fā)推特懟拜登（第46任總統(tǒng)），吃垃圾食品……