正文翻譯

提問(wèn)：如果我們?cè)诨鹦巧险业缴瑫?huì)是什么樣的形式？

評(píng)論翻譯

Spandan Mallick
Thank you Clinton Fernandes for the A2A!

謝克林頓·費(fèi)爾南德斯（Clinton Fernandes）邀

Often, while searching for life on other planets, we forget that the life we intend to find might not be green slender moving beings with big slimy brains - yes, they need not be intelligent. As much as a small organism (rather, a micro-organism) is an immense find for life on other planets.

通常，在尋找其他行星上的生命時(shí)，我們會(huì)忘記我們想要尋找的生命可能不是綠色細(xì)長(zhǎng)身子大腦袋的動(dòng)人生物-是的，它們不需要聰明。只要在其它行星上發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)小的有機(jī)體（即，微生物）就是一個(gè)巨大的發(fā)現(xiàn)。

For example, elongated micro-structures have been found on a Martian meteorite named ALH84001 that had struck the pole of Earth and has been predicted to have come from - MARS, almost 13,000 years ago! Here is a picture of those elongated structures:

例如，在一個(gè)名為ALH84001的火星隕石上發(fā)現(xiàn)了細(xì)長(zhǎng)的微結(jié)構(gòu)，該隕石撞擊了地球的極點(diǎn)，而且據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)來(lái)自近13,000年前的火星！這是這些細(xì)長(zhǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)的圖片：

(IMAGE SOURCE: Britannica Encyclopedia)

（圖片來(lái)源：大不列顛百科全書(shū)）

These have been thought by many to be signs of earlier life on Mars. However, there is no majority consensus amongst working researchers on the topic. The meteorite was recovered from the Allan Hills ice field of Antarctica in 1984.

許多人認(rèn)為這些是火星早期生命的跡象。但是，這個(gè)課題的研究人員之間沒(méi)有達(dá)成多數(shù)共識(shí)。隕石是在1984年從南極的艾倫山冰原中回收的。

So, if we do find life on Mars, it is less probable that one would find beings like these:

因此，如果我們確實(shí)在火星上找到了生命，那么人們不太可能會(huì)找到這樣的生物：

IMAGE SOURCE: Space Magazine)

（圖片來(lái)源：《太空》雜志）

And more probable, they’ll be like this:

他們更有可能像這樣：

(IMAGE SOURCE: Live Science Daily)

（圖片來(lái)源：《每日生命科學(xué)》）

The organism showed above is called a tardigrade which is possibly the toughest organism to ever tread Earth - it can literally survive years without oxygen, or in extreme radiation or even in fire! They simple don’t die! A European team of researchers sent a group of living tardigrades to orbit the earth on the outside of a FOTON-M3 rocket for 10 days in 2007. They survived perfectly! So, it’s more probable life on Mars will be microscopic.

上面顯示的生物為水熊，它可能是有史以來(lái)地球上存在的最頑強(qiáng)的生物-實(shí)際上，它可以在沒(méi)有氧氣，極端輻射甚至在火中存活數(shù)年！他們就是不死！一個(gè)歐洲研究人員小組在2007年在FOTON-M3火箭表面發(fā)射了一群活的水熊，繞地球運(yùn)行了10天，它們完美地存活了下來(lái)！因此，火星上的生命更有可能是微觀的。

With more and more probes and rovers being launched to search for life on Mars (if it exists), it is more likely humans will come across some form of life on Mars within some years if it exists. The recent Perseverance rover sent by NASA and landed in 2021, also has Astro-Biology as one of it’s mission obxtives.

隨著越來(lái)越多的探測(cè)，以及漫游者號(hào)在火星上尋找生命（如果存在的話），如果存在，人類很可能會(huì)在幾年內(nèi)遇到某種形式的生命。美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局最近發(fā)射的毅力號(hào)漫游車(chē)將于2021年登陸，“天體生物學(xué)”就是它的任務(wù)目標(biāo)之一。

(IMAGE SOURCE: NASA)

（圖片來(lái)源：美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局（NASA））

Ali Mohammad,
There are 2 possibilities but its more a fiction than reality.

有兩種可能性，但更像是虛構(gòu)的。

Possibility 1:

Microbes could exist in Mars due to the Martian soil however, Mars atmosphere is not thick at all, it has small quantities of water vapor and does not have a magnetosphere in order to have surface atmosphere which is why life most likely does not exist; but if it did, it would be in the form of bacteria/germs undetectable to the naked eye in very few parts of the location with minimum radiation and wind pressure effects.

微生物可能存在于火星土壤中，但是，火星大氣根本不濃，它具有少量的水蒸氣，并且不具有磁層，所以就沒(méi)有地表大氣，這就是為什么火星最可能不存在生命的原因；但是，如果這樣的話，它將在極少的輻射和風(fēng)壓影響下，以肉眼無(wú)法察覺(jué)的細(xì)菌的形式存在。

Possibility 2:
This possibility is too silly due to conspiracies but for the sake of it:

由于陰謀論，這個(gè)可能性太愚蠢了

Mars Alien Civilization Ruin/Fossil Ruins conspiracy theory

火星外星文明遺址/化石遺址陰謀論

Walled City on Martian atmosphere theory

火星大氣理論城寨

Andrew Forrest
Given the shortage of clement conditions on Mars, we would not expect to find much more than simple prokaryote life on Mars such as bacteria. Something anaerobic that doesn’t require sunlight would be the obvious choice, such as anoxic iron cycling microbes which could survive in underground aquifers that we are reasonably sure exist on Mars.

鑒于火星上自然生存條件的匱乏，除了細(xì)菌等原核生物，我們不會(huì)期望在火星上找到更高級(jí)生物。不需要陽(yáng)光的厭氧菌將是顯而易見(jiàn)的選擇，例如可以合理推斷，在火星的地下含水層中可能存在厭氧的鐵循環(huán)微生物。

This doesn’t sound like much to get excited about, but if we find these wee beasties there it will revolutionise biology, and literally double our number of known sources of life. Does this life have a shared genetic heritage with us and are our long lost cousins? Does this life have a completely different origin and use different methods of earning a living, so to speak? Either way it would be incredibly fascinating to find life on the red planet, and maybe we’ll have some answers before the middle of the century.

這聽(tīng)起來(lái)并不令人興奮，但是，如果我們?cè)谀抢镎业竭@些小生物，它將徹底改變生物學(xué)，并使我們已知的生命來(lái)源的數(shù)量增加一倍。這些生命與我們有共同的遺傳物質(zhì)嗎？是我們長(zhǎng)期失散的表親嗎？還是可以說(shuō)，這種生命是否有完全不同的起源，并使用不同的謀生手段？無(wú)論哪種方式，在紅色星球上尋找生命都將令人著迷，也許我們會(huì)在本世紀(jì)中葉之前得到一些答案。