正文翻譯

Why can't the US build really cool looking high-rise buildings like Asia and some parts of Europe do?

為什么美國不能像亞洲和歐洲一些地方那樣建造看起來很酷的高層建筑?

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評論翻譯

Obi Oguine
There are several factors at play here. Let me first point out, it is not "can't". It is the US "is not" building "cool" highrise buildings.
I am sure you mean like these:
Firstly,.. STYLE.
The general American taste in Architecture is pretty conservative and not very adventurous. Americans still favour kitchen cabinetry in natural wood over high gloss laminate. It is the opposite in most of the rest of the world. A luxury house in the US will have wood floors. It would be marble or granite in most of Asia and Europe. Americans love their rectilinear, glass-clad highrises. The aesthetics is achieved by the varying of materials across surfaces rather than by ambitious configurations of the building's envelope. Many Americans admire the breathtaking, sometimes crazy-looking, modern buildings overseas. But, would they want those in their city centers? Probably not.
Then there are.. THE CODES.

這里有幾個因素在起作用。讓我首先指出，不是“不能”，是美國“不”建造“很酷”的高層建筑。
我相信你的意思是這樣的:

首先是，風格
一般美國人對建筑的品味是相當保守的，不太冒險。美國人仍然喜歡用天然木材而不是高光澤的層壓板制作廚房櫥柜。在世界其他大部分地區(qū)，情況恰恰相反。美國的豪華住宅會鋪設(shè)木地板。在亞洲和歐洲的大部分地區(qū)是大理石或花崗巖。
美國人喜歡直線的、玻璃幕墻的高樓大廈。美學是通過不同表面材料的變化實現(xiàn)的，而不是通過建筑圍護結(jié)構(gòu)的宏偉配置。許多美國人欣賞海外那些令人驚嘆的、有時看起來有些瘋狂的現(xiàn)代建筑。但是，他們會想要那些在市中心的房子嗎?可能不會。

Then there are.. THE CODES.
The US has the most restrictive building codes on earth. One European Architect once told me that by the time you adhere to all the codes in a US jurisdiction, half the design is done for you. When you are doing a highrise, these regulatory hurdles are even bigger. They include guidance on the size and shape of the shadow your building will cast to how it will funnel the wind.
Capitalism.. THE ECONOMICS OF PROFIT
In Asia especially, there are many statement projects. Not so much in the US. Investors want to see the calculations that ASSURE it will clearly be profitable. One exception is the World Trade Center rebuild. A statement clearly had to be made here, for obvious reasons. In Asia, however, there has been a running battle for the tallest building in the would with the UAE, China and Malaysia as front runners. Some corporations and rulers there often set out to build the most beautiful structures they can.
So, America is pragmatic and very accepting of the simple when it comes to Architecture. You may be just one of the minority who are not satisfied with what they are seeing.

然后是法規(guī)
美國擁有世界上最嚴格的建筑法規(guī)。一位歐洲建筑師曾經(jīng)告訴我，當你遵守美國司法管轄區(qū)的所有規(guī)范時，一半的設(shè)計已經(jīng)給你預定好了。當你建造高樓大廈時，這些監(jiān)管障礙就更大了。它們包括關(guān)于你的建筑將投下的陰影的大小和形狀，以及建筑與建筑之間的氣流問題。
資本主義……就是賺錢的經(jīng)濟學
特別是在亞洲，有許多用于“自我宣揚”的項目。但在美國就不是這樣了。投資者希望看到的計算結(jié)果是，它顯然將大幅盈利。世界貿(mào)易中心的重建是個例外。出于顯而易見的原因，顯然必須在這里作一番宣揚。
然而，在亞洲，爭奪世界最高建筑的競爭一直在進行，阿聯(lián)酋、中國和馬來西亞是領(lǐng)先者。那里的一些企業(yè)和管理者常常開始建造他們所能建造的最美麗的建筑。
因此，在建筑方面，美國是務實的，簡潔的接受度很高。你可能只是少數(shù)對他們所看到的不滿意的人之一。

Jacob Baumgardner
The codes depend on what were talking about. With modern high rises absolutely, but if a building is historical in Europe, holy cow you put the wrong type of paint on and the local councils are gonna sue you into the ground. The issue there is that every other building is historical.

法規(guī)取決于具體說的是什么。
現(xiàn)代化的高樓大廈，很明顯，但如果一棟建筑是歐洲的歷史建筑，天哪，你涂錯了漆，地方議會就會把你告到地底下。
而問題是，這里的歷史建筑無處不在。

Obi Oguine
Concerning codes, I refer to laws guiding new construction. In different countries they vary inline with how the society views life safety standards, material durability, public wellness and to a degree " visual acceptance". Each jurisdiction sets thresholds for one's design being assessed as having passed in varying categories. So, a more restrictive code keeps you from doing more. For example, it might limit the number of turns in an egress corridor to an escape staircase. It might say that an escape corridor must not have curvature. It might even say the maximum size of a building's shadow in winter must not exceed a certain square footage to control ground level temperatures, maximising sunlight. All these limit what you can do in designing a building.

關(guān)于規(guī)范，我指的是指導新建筑的法律。在不同的國家，它們的差異與社會如何看待生命安全標準、材料耐久性、公共健康以及某種程度上的“視覺接受度”有關(guān)。
每個司法管轄區(qū)都設(shè)置了一個設(shè)計的門檻，以通過不同類別的評估。因此，更嚴格的規(guī)范會阻止你做更多的事情。
例如，它可能會限制出口走廊到逃生樓梯的轉(zhuǎn)彎次數(shù)。它可能會說，逃生走廊必須沒有曲率。它甚至可能會說，在冬天，建筑陰影的最大尺寸不能超過一定的平方英尺，以控制地面溫度，最大限度地利用陽光。所有這些都限制了你在設(shè)計建筑時所能做的事情。
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Jacob Baumgardner
You did say that, didn't you. My apologies.

你已經(jīng)說過這事了，我的錯。

Joseph Morgan
There are codes like this in the US for historic buildings as well. You just don’t hear about it as much because, well, there aren’t nearly as many historic buildings.

美國對歷史建筑也有這樣的規(guī)范。你只是不怎么聽說它，因為，嗯，沒有那么多歷史建筑。

Joonleng Tan
Actually many of these places are no different from the US. They will go through a phase of building super-high prestige architectural construction projects. The most famous such buildings were the Empire State Building, the pre-9/11 World Trade Center, and the Sears tower from NYC and Chicago.
Then Kuala Lumpur builds the Petronas tower and gets itself the title of the highest building in the world. It did not spur a building boom in KL where there were many great tall buildings - the Petronas was the first and last of its kind. Similarly for Taipei 101 in Taipei. There will always be buildings in the 2–300 m high range, but those taller than that will always be rare in any city.
In the era of hyperCapitalism in China, which is going to end soon, a lot of fantastically tall buildings were built. But moving forward, China has basically ordered a halt to many of these such projects. (This could change in the future: China is an autocracy which does what it wants.) China limits construction of 'super high-rise buildings'

實際上，這些地方和美國沒有什么不同。他們在經(jīng)歷一個能帶來超高聲望的、建筑的建設(shè)項目階段。其中最著名的建筑是帝國大廈、9/11前的世貿(mào)中心，以及紐約和芝加哥的西爾斯大廈。
然后，吉隆坡建造了雙子塔，并獲得了世界上最高建筑的稱號。它并沒有刺激吉隆坡的建筑熱潮，那里有許多高大的建筑，但雙子塔是第一個也是最后一個。
臺北101也是如此。2-300米高的建筑總是有的，但比這更高的建筑在任何城市都是罕見的。
在中國即將結(jié)束的超級資本主義時代，人們建造了許多非常高的建筑。但從長遠來看，中國基本上已經(jīng)下令停止許多此類項目。鏈接：《中國限制建造“超高層建筑”》

So many of these places end up like New York and Chicago. They’ll gladly build a few buildings which push the envelope on the “tallest buildings in the world”, and they’ll get bored and move on. Except maybe UAE still loves this kind of shit. I also have to mention the “pencil skyscrapers” in Manhattan where a few people with too much money will have exclusive apartments in very tall apartment buildings which overlook a nice part of Manhattan, but who knows whether they will be well maintained in the future.
Many major Asian cities will be full of skyscrapers because they’re always short of land, but this era of mega skyscrapers will soon be over.

很多這樣的地方最后都變成了紐約和芝加哥。他們會很樂意建造一些挑戰(zhàn)“世界上最高建筑”極限的建筑，然后他們就會感到厭倦，然后繼續(xù)上路。除了阿聯(lián)酋可能還喜歡這種狗屁。
我還不得不提到曼哈頓的“鉛筆摩天大樓”。在那里，一些非常有錢的人會在非常高的公寓樓里擁有專屬公寓，它們是可以俯瞰曼哈頓的一個美麗視角，但誰知道它們未來能否得到良好的維護呢。
許多亞洲大城市將會到處都是摩天大樓，因為它們總是缺乏土地，但這個超級摩天大樓的時代很快就會結(jié)束。