第十三節(jié) 形容詞充當(dāng)邏輯主語
討論形容詞充當(dāng)邏輯主語、邏輯賓語及邏輯介詞賓語的目的,都是為了后面
更好地討論英漢句子成分相互轉(zhuǎn)換,然后把這一部分與后面提到的“名詞加
名詞” 以及“副詞加過去分詞” 組詞結(jié)構(gòu)中前面的名詞及副詞分別充當(dāng)邏輯
主語的用法進(jìn)行對(duì)比,結(jié)合前面的動(dòng)詞名物化,有助于理解英漢思維模式
如何轉(zhuǎn)換。
1. He was given the title of first painter to the king. His?princely reception?provoked
the resentment of the artistic coterie.
他被任命為國王的首席畫師。王室給予他的禮遇激起了國內(nèi)畫家同行對(duì)他的嫉恨。
“princely”是“reception”的邏輯主語。
2. The old fellow was given a?royal reward. 得到了國王的獎(jiǎng)賞。
“royal”是“reward”的邏輯主語。
3. royal policy. 皇室政策?!皉oyal”是“policy”的邏輯主語。
4. Columbus sought?royal sponsorship?for a voyage to prove his ideas. The
Portuguese court declined his proposal.
哥倫比亞尋求皇室贊助他的航海從而證明他的觀點(diǎn),但葡萄牙皇室拒絕了他的
提議。
“royal”是 sponsorship”的邏輯主語。
5. But expansion plans need to meet certain?official requirements.
但擴(kuò)張計(jì)劃需要滿足官方的某些要求。
“official”是“requirement”邏輯主語。
6. And for 300 hundred years it suffered greatly from?official disapproval.
由于官方禁止足球這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng),使得它 300 年內(nèi)沒有得到很好的發(fā)展。
“official”是 disapproval”的邏輯主語。
7. They cannot leave without an?official eScort?and are only allowed to cover events
sanctioned by the government.
沒有官方陪同,他們不能離開,并且只允許他們報(bào)道政府許可的事件。
“official”是 eScort”的邏輯主語。
8. Our?official reluctance?to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to
many of our idealistic citizens, and with typical American adventurousness enhanced
somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt, our young men began
to enlist under foreign flags.
我國政府遲遲不愿宣布參戰(zhàn)的做法,使我們理想主義的公民覺得無法忍受。
我們的青年,本身已懷著典型的美國式冒險(xiǎn)精神,又多少受到西奧多·羅斯福的
狂熱沙文主義思想的慫恿,于是便開始在外國旗幟下入伍參戰(zhàn)。
“official”是“reluctance”的邏輯主語。
9. He has won?divine approval. 他已經(jīng)得到上帝同意。
“divine”是“approval”的邏輯主語。
10. the highest form of?divine approval?imaginable.
可以想象到的最高級(jí)別的上帝授權(quán)。(同上)
11. It requires a lot of?regulatory approval?to….
這需要監(jiān)管者給予更多的批準(zhǔn)…。(同上)
12. We get our?presidential pardon. 我們爭(zhēng)取總統(tǒng)特赦。
“presidential”是“pardon”的邏輯主語。
13. Into this she sank, pressed down by a?physical exhaustion?that haunted her body
and seemed to reach into her soul.
她感到筋疲力盡、體力不支,疲憊似乎正侵入她的內(nèi)心深處,她一屁股坐在扶手椅上。
“physical”是“exhaustion”的邏輯主語。
14. natural selection. 自然選擇。
“natural”是“selection”的邏輯主語。
15. Dongfeng projects that it will hit its full-year sales target of 2.16 million units due
to the nation’s ongoing urbanization process and increasing?individual wealth.
鑒于國內(nèi)當(dāng)前的城鎮(zhèn)化過程和不斷增加的個(gè)人財(cái)富,東風(fēng)汽車公司把全年
銷售目標(biāo)定在216 萬輛。
“individual”是“wealth”的邏輯主語。
16. “We expect NATO leaders to take decisions to enhance NATO's capabilities to
deal with those challenges, including through enhancing NATO's special operations
capabilities, as well as pursuing?collective defense?against cyber and missile attacks,"
said Hadley.
哈德利說:“我們期待北約領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人做出增強(qiáng)北約能力的決定來應(yīng)對(duì)這些挑戰(zhàn),包括
通過增強(qiáng)北約特殊行動(dòng)能力,還有共同應(yīng)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊及導(dǎo)彈攻擊?!?/p>
“collective”是的“defense”的邏輯主語。
17. The relationship between China and Japan is one of?common existence or
extinction.
中日關(guān)系是生死與共的關(guān)系。
“common”是“existence or extinction”的邏輯主語。
18. She looks at her friends, and their eyes, in some?private permission, meet.
她看看她的朋友,她們的眼睛相遇了,眼里有一種私下許可的神情。
“private”是“permission”的邏輯主語。
19.?Congressional support?will be crucial to president Obama's plan, since lawmakers
must approve the funding.
既然立法委員一定會(huì)批準(zhǔn)這項(xiàng)資金,因此國會(huì)的支持對(duì)奧巴馬總統(tǒng)的計(jì)劃至關(guān)重要。
“congressional”是“support”的邏輯主語。
20. The door stood open onto a scene of?boyish?pandemonium.
教室的門敞開著,但見男孩們把教室弄得一片混亂。
“boyish”是“pandemonium”的邏輯主語。
21. His father therefore would take a mild view of what he saw as symptoms of grief
and natural?childish resentment.
他爸爸對(duì)他所做的事不以為然,認(rèn)為那是一個(gè)孩子悲傷并表達(dá)怨恨的自然表現(xiàn)。
“childish”是“resentment”的邏輯主語。
22. France and Scotland was not a match to spoil with?parental disquiet.
(The match between France and Scotland was a very exciting game, and parents
should keep quiet.)
法國對(duì)英格蘭的比賽很精彩,父母應(yīng)該保持安靜。
“parental”是“disquiet”的邏輯主語。
23.?legal protection?against gender discrimination.
法律禁止性別歧視?!發(fā)egal”充當(dāng)“protection”的邏輯主語。
24. Despite the?scholarly dispute?over whether the revolution was a success or a
failure, it is worth all the praise it has garnered for the earth-shaking changes it introduced.
盡管學(xué)者們對(duì)這次革命是失敗還是成功意見不一,但就它所帶來的翻天覆地的
變化來說,這些美譽(yù)都不為過。
“scholarly”是“dispute”的邏輯主語。
25. Still, they aim to increase?public understanding?of the historic significance of
1911, and the role played by Southeast Asia in the revolution.
他們?nèi)匀恢铝τ谧尮姼嗟亓私?1911 年革命的意義,以及東南亞在革命中扮演
的角色。
“public”是“understanding”的邏輯主語。
26.?Public-opinion?poll numbers in recent weeks show the president's job-approval
ratings weakening.
最近幾周的民意測(cè)驗(yàn)表明總統(tǒng)的支持率在下降。
“public”是“opinion”的邏輯主語。
27.?social interpretation?of language. 語言的社會(huì)解讀。
“social”是“interpretation” 的邏輯主語
28. colonial administration. 殖民統(tǒng)治。
“colonial”是“administration”的邏輯主語。
29. So that?prophetic opposition?to the monarch to the king.
先知和國王的對(duì)抗?!皃rophetic”是“opposition”的邏輯主語。
30. perfectly shameless?biographical speculation.
無恥的傳記作家推測(cè)?!癰iographical”是“speculation”的邏輯主語。
31. He was paying a?pastoral(pastor's) call?one day on a woman.
一天,他正在一位婦女家里進(jìn)行牧師拜訪?!皃astoral”是“call”的邏輯主語。
拓展學(xué)習(xí):(teacher’s visit, state visit)
詞 匯 積 累
1.?breakdown?n (機(jī)器等) 壞掉;出毛病
He had a mental breakdown last year when his girlfriend left him.
去年他女朋友離開他時(shí),他精神崩潰了。
2.breath?n 氣息;一次呼吸
a. The delicious breath of rain was in the air. 空氣中彌漫著清新的雨的氣息。
b. She has bad breath. 她有口臭
c. They are not to be mentioned in the same breath. 他們不可同日而語。
3.?breathability?n 透氣性
increased breathability. 提高透氣度。
4.?brink?n 邊緣
It was pushed to the brink of collapse/ bankrupt. 到了崩潰的邊緣。
5.?brother?n 兄弟
a. brothers war. 兄弟之戰(zhàn)。
b. brother against brother. 兄弟反目。
c. brothers. 弟兄們。