2022年12月大學(xué)英語四級漢譯英預(yù)測:和諧號動車組
Directions: Translate the following paragraph into English.
? ? ? ? 和諧號電力動車組(China Railway High-speed EMU 下文可以簡稱為CRH)是中國鐵路自主創(chuàng)新戰(zhàn)略取得的重大成果,標(biāo)志著中國鐵路客運裝備的技術(shù)水平達到了世界先進水平,它標(biāo)志著中國鐵路對和諧理念的躬身踐行,彰顯和寄托了鐵路人對打造和諧之旅、建設(shè)和諧鐵路、構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會的美好愿望和不懈努力。2007年4月18日早5時38分,時速可達每小時200千米的“和諧號”動車組D460次列車從鐵路上海站出發(fā)駛往蘇州,這是中國第一列正式開行的動車組,也拉開了全國鐵路第六次大面積提速的序幕。而隨著CRH380A系列動車組的試車成功,中國也成為了世界上少數(shù)能夠制造極速380KM/H及以上的國家之一。
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? ? ? ? China Railway High-speed EMU (CRH) is a milestone work of China Railway's independent innovation strategies and mark of China's world-class technology level of passenger railway infrastructures. CRH symbolizes China railway's full hands-on practice and devotion to the ideal of "harmony", exhibits and carries the great aspirations and unremitting pursuits of China's railway workers for a harmonious railway travel experience, a harmonious railway system and a harmonious socialist society. At 5:38 A.M., on April, 18, 2007, a CRH EMU train, with train number D460, with a max speed up to 200km/h, took off from Shanghai Railway Station to Suzhou, becoming China's first commercial High-speed EMU, also marking the beginning of the sixth large-scale nationwide railway speed-up programme. With the successful trial run of the CRH380A EMU series, China joined the minor countries around the world with capabilities of building high-speed trains that can reach a max speed at 380km/h and above.
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解析:
1- 重大成果通??梢苑g成great work,也經(jīng)常聽到“里程碑”這一詞匯,描述成果時經(jīng)常表達為“里程碑作品”,所以使用milestone也可以替代great。
2- 中國特色詞匯:自主創(chuàng)新戰(zhàn)略:independent innovation strategies.
????2.1 自主研發(fā)的……:????… with fully-independent research and development
????2.2 自主技術(shù)創(chuàng)新:????independent technological innovation
????2.3 自給自足:?self-reliance
????2.4 自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán):?independent intellectual property rights
????2.5 具有完全自主產(chǎn)權(quán)的……:?… with fully-independent intellectual ? property rights
3- 裝備:equipment, facilities, instruments, infrastructures的區(qū)別:
????3.1 equipment 偏向于器械,器材,如健身器材,體育器材,辦公器材等具體的功能器材,或者是零部件等,比如original equipment原裝備件(OEM = original equipment manufacturer)。
????3.2 facilities 偏向于非政府或國有級別的公共設(shè)施,多為民眾級別,如生活設(shè)施,購物設(shè)施,安全設(shè)施等。
????3.3 instrument 偏向于樂器,器材,器械等。這一詞匯的形容詞instrumental是essential的替換詞,是important,critical,significant等詞匯的升級詞匯之一。
????3.4 infrastructures 偏向于國有級別的,大型工程項目的全部配套設(shè)備。因此翻譯本文,采用了infrastructures。
4- 象征著:在初中階段常使用be a symbol of,其動詞形式是symbolize (vt.)。這是考漢譯英常見的句子。根據(jù)句子的情景可以選擇用a symbol of,還是symbolize。比如:“象征著團圓、幸福的甜甜的湯圓,從來都是正月十五不缺席的美食”,可以寫作:
????4.1 Rice dumplings, with a sweet taste, a symbol of reunion and happiness…
????4.2 Rice dumplings, symbolizing reunion and happiness, with a sweet taste…
5- 成語:躬身踐行,表示親身參與的行動,投身其中的行動??梢岳斫鉃閒ull practice and devotion。而如果體現(xiàn)“親身”一詞,可以加入hands-on。
6- 不懈的努力往往可以用unremitting pursuit for…
7- 偉大理想往往可以用aspiration,替換dream和vision。比如“勿忘初心”就是“Remain true to our original aspiration.”
????附:【Remain true to our original aspiration and bear firm in mind to our missions, hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and strive for the great success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era. 不忘初心,牢記使命,高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟,決勝全面建成小康社會,奪取新時代中國特色社會主義偉大勝利】
8- 中國特色詞匯:large-scale nationwide railway speed-up programme 全國鐵路大規(guī)模提速
9- 極少數(shù):minor即可。有能力制造中的“能力”用capabilities而非abilities和competences或capacity。區(qū)別在于:
?????? 9.1 capabilities多指需要完成一項工程的所有資源的總和,角度更為客觀正式。
?????? 9.2 abilities 多指主觀能動性,為人的主觀能力,角度更偏向于個人和小團體。
?????? 9.3 competences 多指勝任能力,是否具備勝任一個職位的能力,更具備評判性。
?????? 9.4 capacity 多指能力總和,或者逐漸累加最后形成的能力,比abilities更為批判性。