歡迎閱讀這篇文章！本次帶來的是T-34 1940型坦克。

本文約19000字。

正文如下：

服役國：蘇聯(lián)

等級：II?

權(quán)重：3.3（街機） 3.3（歷史） 2.7（全真）

所屬種類：中型坦克

所需研發(fā)點：9200

車輛價格:22000

Description?

The T-34 (1940) is a rank II Soviet medium tank with a battle rating of 3.3 (AB/RB) and 2.7 (SB). It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41. The first public iteration of the T-34 series, the T-34 1940 shows most of the early Soviet weaponry but provides a demonstration of its famous sloped armour and mobility.

T-34(1940)是蘇聯(lián)的二級中型坦克，權(quán)重為3.3 (街機/歷史)和2.7 (全真)。它是在1.41更新前的地面部隊內(nèi)測中引入的。作為第一代T-34，T-34 1940型裝備了蘇聯(lián)早期的大部分武器，并展示了其著名的傾斜裝甲和機動性。

The T-34 mod. 1940, like all the other T-34s, is fairly quick and manoeuvrable, decently armed, and decently armoured. It is the first researchable T-34 and the "oldest" (worst) model, aside from the T-34 prototype. It is notable for its distinct appearance, with its broad, sloped front, large road wheels, and comparatively narrow turret. It is distinguished from all other T-34/76 models in that it has the L-11 gun (the same gun as mounted on the KV-1 (L-11)), as opposed to the more powerful F-34. It is identified by its low-slung barrel, with a recuperator creating a bulge above it. The vehicle's speed allows it to be a versatile flanker, but its armour keeps it competitive enough to be a brawler. It will also bounce somewhat frequently so angling the armour, as with any T-34, is helpful. The gun is decent for its rank but will struggle to penetrate other T-34s, KV tanks, M4 Shermans, and similar vehicles from the front.

T-34 1940型，像所有其他的T-34一樣，具有相當(dāng)快的速度，機動性很好，武器出色，裝甲可靠。這是第一個可研究的T-34，也是除了T-34原型之外“最老的”(最差的)一代。它因其獨特的外觀而引人注目：有著寬寬的、傾斜的正面、大大的車輪和相對狹窄的炮塔。它與其他T-34/76的區(qū)別在于它裝備的是L-11炮(與KV-1 (L-11)上的炮相同)，而不是更強大的F-34炮。它的特點是低矮的炮管，上面凸起的部分是一個調(diào)壓器。車輛的速度使它能夠擔(dān)任一名多用途·的側(cè)翼，同時它的裝甲使它有足夠的競爭力去成為一個斗士。它的會經(jīng)常彈開來襲的炮彈，所以傾斜裝甲對任何T-34都是很有幫助的。這門炮在它所屬的權(quán)重還不錯，但是很難從正面擊穿其他tT-34、KV、M4謝爾曼和類似的車輛。

基本信息

生存能力和裝甲

車體裝甲： 45（正面） 45（側(cè)面） 40（背面）

炮塔裝甲： 45（正面） 45（側(cè)面） 45（背面）

乘員數(shù)量： 4人

辨識度： 83%

裝甲類型

均質(zhì)裝甲鋼

鑄造裝甲鋼(炮盾、駕駛員艙門、機槍口)

注：懸掛輪和履帶的厚度為20毫米。

The T-34 1940 can pose a formidable enemy at its BR (3.3) and one might find it a resilient and stubborn foe. If your vehicle can reliably penetrate 90mm (more if the vehicle is angled) of armour at medium to long-range, you should try to eliminate the T-34 at the longest possible range, where the L-11 gun will perform poorly. If your weapon cannot reliably penetrate 90mm of armour and you are forced to close the distance, be wary of your foes mobility. Brawling with a T-34 1940 is not recommended, the mobility and armour of the vehicle combined with a quick turret rotation speed may prove fatal. However, the T-34 is not an invincible foe. The T-34 1940 has a weak turret, which even some rank 1 guns can penetrate! It is recommended to aim for the turret ring, as the cramped crew compartment will result in an easy crew kill. Another weakspot of the T-34 is the turret cheeks - there are some flat spots that are 45mm, disabling the turret crew and the gun. A shot may ricochet off the turret cheeks into the crew compartment.

T-34 1940型在3.3權(quán)重是一個強大的敵人，人們可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)它的裝甲易跳彈且相當(dāng)難纏。如果你的戰(zhàn)車在中遠程距離能穩(wěn)定地擊穿90mm裝甲(如果車輛帶角度的話會穿深會更高)，你應(yīng)該試著在盡可能遠的距離消滅T-34，在那種距離L-11炮的表現(xiàn)會很拉。如果你的武器不能穩(wěn)定擊穿90毫米的裝甲，并且你不得不接近這個距離，要警惕你的敵人的機動性。不建議與T-34 1940型纏斗，T-34的機動性和裝甲加上炮塔的快速轉(zhuǎn)速可能是致命的。然而，T-34并不是一個不可戰(zhàn)勝的敵人。T-34 1940有一個防護貧弱的炮塔，甚至一些1級炮也能擊穿!建議瞄準炮塔座圈，狹窄的乘員艙導(dǎo)致了被擊穿后較低的乘員生存性。T-34的另一個弱點是炮盾兩側(cè)——那兒有一些45mm的平直區(qū)域，被擊穿后會殺死炮塔乘員并癱瘓?zhí)箍酥髋?。一顆炮彈可能會從炮盾兩側(cè)彈到乘員艙。

機動性

速度：

街機：55（前進極速） 8（倒車極速）

歷史和全真：49（前進極速） 7（倒車極速）

檔位數(shù):

4個前進檔 1個倒車檔

重量：25.6噸

發(fā)動機功率:

街機：954匹馬力

歷史和全真：500匹馬力

功重比：

街機：37.3匹馬力/噸

歷史和全真：19.5匹馬力/噸

維修與經(jīng)濟

維修費

690 → 888（街機） 950 → 1 222（歷史） 1 200 → 1 544（全真）

研發(fā)至完全體總花費：8410研發(fā)點? ?16250銀獅

護身符價格：640金鷹

成員組培訓(xùn)價格：6300

專家成員組培訓(xùn)價格：22000銀獅

王牌成員組培訓(xùn)價格：160金鷹

手打王牌所需經(jīng)驗：190000研發(fā)點

收益系數(shù)：

街機： 40%（銀獅） 118%（研發(fā)點)

歷史： 60%（銀獅） 118%（研發(fā)點)

全真： 50%（銀獅） 118%（研發(fā)點)

配件：

武器

主要武器

76mm L-11?坦克炮

彈藥：77發(fā)

裝填速度: 9.3秒（白板） 7.1秒（王牌滿級）

俯仰角：-5°/25°

彈藥

BR-350A: Most versatile of all the ammo types, with a decent penetration of ~80 mm and with an explosive filler for maximum damage. If a shot penetrates an enemy tank, the 150 g of explosives will decimate the crew.?

BR-350A:所有彈藥類型中最常見的，擁有不錯的穿深（80mm）和最大化殺傷敵人的裝藥。如果一炮擊穿了敵人的坦克，炮彈的150克裝藥將會殺死所有的乘員。

BR-350SP: More penetration than 350A with about 76 mm of penetration at 100 meters, but no explosive filler for more internal damages.?

BR-350SP:穿深高于350A，在100米的穿深約為76毫米，但沒有裝藥來造成更大的內(nèi)部破壞。

OF-350M: Standard high-explosive shell for use against unarmoured targets.?

OF-350M:標(biāo)準高爆炮彈，用于攻擊無裝甲目標(biāo).

Sh-354T: Shrapnel shell with nearly same damage potential as high-explosive, but has some penetration capabilities that allows the round to do maximum damage at light armour vehicles by exploding inside the tank.?

Sh-354T:榴霰彈與高爆彈的傷害潛力幾乎相同，但Sh-354T有一些穿甲能力，可以使炮彈在擊穿坦克后爆炸以對輕型裝甲車輛造成最大傷害。

譯者注：現(xiàn)版本BR-350SP在100米穿深為91mm。

彈藥架

機槍

7.62mm DT 機槍（同軸）

備彈量：1890發(fā)

彈夾數(shù)：63個

換彈速度：10.4s（白板）? 8.0s(王牌滿級）

射速：600發(fā)/分鐘

Usage in battles（安東哥教你開坦克）

This is the first non-premium model of the T-34 series. It's a powerful breakthrough tank in the right hands due to its battle rating, good armour and powerful gun but is prone to get heavily damaged or destroyed from shots to the turret ring or cheeks. Keep moving, using its high speed and manoeuvrability, and get close to guaranteeing a penetration and angle the armour to easily bounce shells from enemy tanks.

這是T-34系列的第一款非金幣車。由于它的權(quán)重，良好的裝甲和強大的火炮，正確使用它它將是一輛強大的突擊坦克，但被敵人擊中炮塔環(huán)或臉頰容易重創(chuàng)甚至摧毀T-34。保持機動，利用它的高速和靈活的機動，把自己放近到可以保證擊穿敵人的距離，同時記得擺角度來輕松彈開敵人來襲的炮彈。

The T-34 features great speed and agility, together with a good turret traverse and reload speed. It is best used in groups employing flanking manoeuvres and focusing on the impressive speed of the vehicle to catch players off-guard. The armour is also thick and sloped, allowing it to bounce the shots from the short 75mm's and the high-velocity 50mm's on German tanks although the Panzer. IV Ausf. F2's gun will easily go through the sides or UFP even with moderate angling.

T-34的特點是極快的速度和很高的敏捷性，以及良好的炮塔轉(zhuǎn)速和炮彈裝填速度。T-34在團隊中的絕佳打法是進行側(cè)翼機動并利用自己的高機動性來襲擊疏于防備的敵人。T-34傾斜厚實的裝甲可以彈開德國短75和長50的炮彈，但四號坦克F2型的坦克炮可以輕松擊穿即使擺了角度的T-34的側(cè)面或UFP(譯者注：個人猜測為正面裝甲）。

At 3.3 the T-34 1940 faces a lot of German and Japanese armour. These Axis tanks tend to have very flat and thin armour which make the 76mm APHE shell extremely effective. The high HE filler makes one-shotting Panzers, Chi-Ha's, etc., very easy. At range, however, Axis long-guns excel - get up close and personal to your opponents.

在3.3權(quán)重的環(huán)境下，T-34 1940型的主要對手是各種德國和日本裝甲單位。這些軸心國坦克的裝甲往往是紙糊的方盒子，這使得76mm APHE彈非常有效。高裝藥的炮彈使T-34打德國坦克、奇哈等往往一發(fā)入魂。然而，軸心國的長身管坦克炮在遠距離很優(yōu)秀——盡量和你的對手近距離貼身打。

一般會遇到的對手:

Medium tank M4, M4A2 (American): The T-34's 76 mm gun cannot penetrate the welded hull M4/M4A2 reliably from the front, while the 75 mm gun on the M4/M4A2 can penetrate the T-34's turret and disable or cripple it. They do have very weak lower side hull armour (only 38 mm) that can be overmatched by the 76 mm APHEBC round if exposed, and the flat areas on the turret can also be penetrated fairly reliably if they can be hit. Generally avoid head-on engagements, especially if the M4 is hull-down.?

M4中型坦克, M4A2(美國):T-34的76mm炮不能從正面穩(wěn)定地擊穿M4/M4A2的焊接車體，而M4/M4A2上的75mm炮可以擊穿T-34的炮塔并使其癱瘓。他們的下部裝甲非常貧弱(只有38mm)，如果暴露的話可以被76mm的APHEBC彈擊穿，而且炮塔上的平坦區(qū)域也可以被T-34穩(wěn)定擊穿。一般避免與M4/M4A2正面交戰(zhàn)，特別是如果M4在依托掩體射擊。

Medium tank M4A1, Sherman II (American/French, British): Similar to the M4/M4A2, except that the cast hull is weaker than the welded hull on the M4/M4A2, and can be penetrated frontally. Otherwise, the same advice applies.?

M4A1中型坦克，謝爾曼II(美/法、英):類似M4/M4A2，除了鑄造車體比M4/M4A2的焊接車體拉一些，可以被T-34從正面擊穿。否則，上述建議也適用。

Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. F2, G, H, J (German): The Ausf. F2 variant is the first Panzer IV to mount a long-barreled 75 mm gun. This gun is one of the most lethal mounted on any tank within the T-34's BR range, and it is easily capable of penetrating the T-34 at most ranges. The Ausf. F2 has very weak armour, however, and is something of a glass cannon. The Ausf. G, H, and J have up-armoured hulls that are quite difficult to penetrate, but their turrets are as weak as the one on the F2. The Ausf. J, in particular, has manual turret traverse and is very vulnerable to being flanked. Avoid long-range duels with them.

四號坦克F2型:四號坦克F2型是第一個安裝長管75mm炮的四號坦克。這門炮是在T-34的上下權(quán)重內(nèi)最致命的火炮之一，它在絕大多數(shù)距離內(nèi)可以輕易地擊穿T-34。然而四號坦克F2型的裝甲很薄，有點兒像玻璃大炮。四號坦克G型、H型和J型都有靠譜的首上裝甲，但是它們的炮塔裝甲和F2型上的一樣脆。特別是四號坦克J型，它的炮塔方向機是手搖的，很容易被偷側(cè)。避免與他們遠距離對炮。

Chi-Nu II (Japanese): Essentially the Japanese counterpart to the German Panzer IV Ausf. F2.?

三式中戰(zhàn)車奇努改:基本上是日本版的德國四號坦克F2型。

Churchill III, Churchill(e) (British, German): The 6-pounder gun on the Churchill will be hard-pressed to penetrate the sloped T-34 hull, but it can easily penetrate the turret and disable the turret crew. It is difficult to penetrate the frontal armour of the Churchill at long ranges. However, it is a slow, cumbersome heavy tank, and is easy to outflank and dispatch with shots to the side armour.?

步兵坦克?Mk?IV“丘吉爾”Mk?III，德繳丘吉爾:丘吉爾的6磅炮將很難擊穿T-34傾斜的車體，但它可以很輕易地擊穿并癱瘓T-34的炮塔。T-34遠距離很難擊穿丘吉爾的正面裝甲。但是，丘吉爾是一種行動緩慢、笨重的重型坦克，很容易被別人偷側(cè)。、

優(yōu)點與缺點

優(yōu)點:

Excellent post-penetration effect with the BR-350B, easily one-shotting most tanks it sees, for example Pz.IV F2, M4, Chi-Nu?

BR-350B具有較好的穿深和后效，很容易一發(fā)入魂大多數(shù)坦克，比如四號坦克F2型, M4, 三式中戰(zhàn)車

Sloped hull armour provides good protection against small calibre / low-penetration shells (eg. 75mm KwK37, 50mm KwK39), and even large calibre guns when angled correctly

傾斜車體裝甲提供比較靠譜的防護，可以擋住小口徑/低穿深的炮彈(75mm KwK37, 50mm KwK39)，擺好角度的話甚至能夠擋住大口徑火炮。

49 km/h top speed allows it to change position quickly and outrun lots of other medium tanks

49公里/小時的最高速度允許它快速轉(zhuǎn)場作戰(zhàn)，T-34比很多其他中型坦克跑得快

Nearly impossible to damage the transmission and immobilize it from the front

幾乎不可能被從前面損壞變速箱并將T-34打停

Very fast turret traverse, good for urban combat

非?？斓呐谒D(zhuǎn)速，很適合城市作戰(zhàn)

缺點:

The 4 crew members are very close together making it easily one-shotted by common foes like Pz.IV F2, M24, StuG III F, M4, etc when penetrated from the front / side hull, or even the turret.

4名成員挨得很近，當(dāng)車體的正面/側(cè)面甚至是炮塔被四號坦克F2型, M24, 三號突擊炮F型, M4等常見的敵人擊穿時，很容易被一發(fā)入魂

-5 degrees gun depression is below average, making it ineffective to combat in hills comparing to the M4 with -10 degrees depression

-5度俯角低于平均水平，與-10度俯角的M4相比，它在山地作戰(zhàn)很吃力

Rather long reload time means the player must carefully aim each shot

較長的裝填時間意味著玩家每一次射擊時必須仔細瞄準

Large fuel tanks scattered at the sides of the hull, tend to catch fire if being hit

大型油箱分布在車體的兩側(cè)，如果被擊中就容易著火

Despite not having APCR, the AP all lack the penetration against more heavily armoured foes like the StuH 42 G?

盡管沒有APCR, AP在對付像三號突擊榴彈炮G型這樣的重甲敵人時穿深乏力

L-11 cannon has a lower muzzle velocity and penetration than the F-34

L-11炮的初速和穿深低于F-34炮

歷史
發(fā)展

By 1939, the most numerous tank models in the Red Army were the T-26 and the BT-series light tanks. Though adequate on the days they were introduced, they are now outdated by this time due to the changing technology in anti-tank warfare. Back in 1937, a new tank project was already taking place under engineer Mikhail Koshkin, who was assigned to lead a design team at the Kharkiv Locomotive Factory (KhPZ) for a replacement for the BT light tanks as a new "cavalry tank" to engage in manoeuvre warfare. The first prototype was designated the A-20 with 20 mm of armour, a 45 mm gun, and a diesel engine in a V-12 configuration. The Christie suspension is taken from the BT, even the conversion to drive track-less on roads. But gradually, the new track designs available made this conversion redundant and was excluded in further models. The A-20 also showed the effective research done into sloping armour on previous prototype designs, utilizing an all-round sloping armour on the design.

截止到1939年，紅軍中數(shù)量最多的坦克型號是T-26和bt系列輕型坦克。盡管它們在引進的時候性能夠用，但由于反坦克戰(zhàn)術(shù)的變化，那些坦克現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)過時了。早在1937年，工程師米哈伊爾·科什金就已經(jīng)開始領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一個新的坦克項目，他被派到哈爾科夫機車工廠(KhPZ)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一個設(shè)計團隊，設(shè)計一種新的“騎兵坦克”，以取代BT輕型坦克，參與機動作戰(zhàn)。第一架原型車被稱為A-20，它有著20mm裝甲，45mm炮和一臺V-12柴油發(fā)動機?？死锼沟賾覓烊∽訠T坦克，A-20甚至可以不裝履帶行駛在道路上。但漸漸地，新的履帶設(shè)計使得這種轉(zhuǎn)換顯得多此一舉，在后來的模型中排除了不裝履帶的方案。A-20也展示了在之前的原型設(shè)計中對傾斜裝甲的有效研究，即使用全面的傾斜裝甲的設(shè)計。

It was during this design process that the Russo-Japanese border wars took place and showed the deficiency of the T-26 and BT models. Koshkin then appealed for the initiation of a much better tank concept, the "universal tank" to completely replace the T-26 and BT tanks. The second prototype was the A-32 and has an increased 32 mm of frontal armour with a 76.2 mm L-10 gun. The heavier prototype was still just as mobile as the A-20, and further development into the design increased the frontal armour thickness to 45 mm thick and a newer 76.2 mm L-11 gun attached instead. This model was approved for production and designated the T-34 after the year 1934 when Koshkin believed was when he formulated the idea for the T-34. Koshkin, however, never saw his tanks in action as he succumbed to pneumonia in September 1940 after trials with the T-34 in the cold winter. Thus, the drivetrain developer Alexander Morozov was appointed as the next Chief designer. The T-34 tank would go on to become the most produced World War II tank, with 84,070 tanks produced in the production span between 1940 to 1958.

在A-20設(shè)計過程中，日俄邊境沖突爆發(fā)了，沖突顯示了T-26和BT的缺陷?？剖步鹦刺岢鲆粋€更好的坦克概念，即使用“通用坦克”完全取代T-26和BT坦克。第二輛原型車是A-32，前裝甲增加到了32毫米，有一門76.2毫米的L-10坦克炮。更重的原型車仍然有和A?-20一樣機動性，并且在后續(xù)的設(shè)計中將前裝甲厚度增加到了45mm，并使用一門更新的76.2 mm L-11坦克炮。這款車型在1934年之后被批準生產(chǎn)，并被命名為T-34，當(dāng)時科什金認為是他提出T-34的想法的時候。然而，在1940年9月，在寒冷的冬天，在T-34試車后，科什金卻因肺炎去世了。因此，動力傳動系統(tǒng)開發(fā)商亞歷山大·莫洛佐夫被任命為下一任首席設(shè)計師。T-34坦克成為第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中產(chǎn)量最高的坦克，在1940年到1958年的生產(chǎn)期間共生產(chǎn)了84070輛坦克。

設(shè)計

The T-34 took all of the Soviet's experiences with tanks and incorporated into the design. The tank had great sloping armour, a powerful engine, wide tracks, and a large gun. At its introduction, the armour of the T-34 was one of the best in the world, by sloping the 45 mm thick armour plate by 60 degrees, the effective thickness was now 90 mm thick. The armour was welded into place instead of riveted as rivets tend to "spall" and cause damage inside the tank even if the armour was not penetrated. The 76.2 mm gun was a major advantage compared to those on its adversaries, as it could be used as a multi-purpose weapon against infantry and tanks, unlike the Germans who had tanks split for two different roles such as the Panzer III for anti-tank and the Panzer IV for infantry support. The engine, a Model V-2-34 V12 diesel engine, was adequately powerful for the Christie suspension tank design and allowed the T-34 to reach a maximum of 53 km/h (33 mph). The powerful engine, added with the wide tracks that gave it lower ground pressure, allowed the T-34 to travel across cross-country terrain with relative freedom without risk of bogging down.

T-34吸取了所以蘇聯(lián)坦克的經(jīng)驗，并融入到設(shè)計中。坦克有優(yōu)秀的傾斜裝甲，澎湃的發(fā)動機，寬履帶和一門大口徑坦克炮。在T-34剛亮相的時候，它的裝甲是世界上最好的之一，45毫米60度傾斜的裝甲板，有效厚度相當(dāng)于現(xiàn)在的90毫米。裝甲是焊接的，而不是鉚接的，因為鉚釘容易“脫落”，即使裝甲沒有被擊穿，也會在坦克內(nèi)部造成傷害。其對手相比，76.2毫米炮是一個很大的優(yōu)勢,它可以作為一個多功能武器來對付步兵和坦克,與德國人的坦克分為兩種不同的角色,如反坦克的三號坦克和步兵支援的四號坦克的做法截然不同。發(fā)動機是V-2-34 V12柴油發(fā)動機，足夠強大的克里斯蒂懸掛設(shè)計，使得T-34可以達到最高53公里/小時(33英里/小時)。強大的引擎，加上它給地面較低的壓力的寬履帶，使T-34可以相對自由地穿越全國的地形，而不會有陷入困境的風(fēng)險。

However, the T-34 is not without its fault and its quality is very questionable in some cases. Two T-34 (1941) models were sent to the United States in late 1942 for evaluations. The evaluations found the armour quality to be rather insufficient, with improper welding in places that can allow leaks and improper alloys that made armour weaker in some places than others, the T-34 cast turret was even found to use softer armour than the hull that render it vulnerable to even 37 mm shells. The gun sights for the 76.2 mm cannon was also quite poor in comparison to the Axis and other Allies. The tank reliability was also troubled by various mechanical issues, especially in the earlier models. Low-quality air filters and insufficient airflow could impede the engine capabilities and the turret drive had poor reliability that could easily jam up. The vision devices were also poor, the crew are unable to see outside the tank with enough situational awareness, even the tank commander couldn't see well out of the tank. Also, the lack of radios on the first few years of T-34s forced the tank commanders to communicate via flags, with only company commanders tanks fitted with the radios. Ergonomics inside the tanks was unsatisfactory and was very cramped inside, with no turret basket the loader has to struggle when the turret rotates and accessing ammunition on the floor boxes makes it a hard and dangerous job for the loader. The commander's hatch on the turret was also one-piece, making even a "heads-up" view for the commander impossible on these large one-piece hatches. Finally, the two-person turret suffered from not only a very cramped compartment but an overworked commander who has to act as a gunner as well.

然而，T-34不是沒有問題，它的質(zhì)量在某些情況下是有問題的。兩輛T-34(1941)型在1942年末被送往美國進行評估。評估發(fā)現(xiàn)的裝甲質(zhì)量相當(dāng)拉,不當(dāng)焊接的地方裝甲開裂且錯誤的合金使得一些地方的裝甲比正常情況下要弱,T-34的鑄造炮塔甚至被檢查出來用了比車體更拉胯的裝甲,以至于它甚至可能抵御不了37毫米的炮彈。與軸心國和其他同盟國相比，76.2 mm炮的瞄準鏡也相當(dāng)差。坦克的可靠性也受到各種機械問題的困擾，在早期的模型中這一問題尤為突出。劣質(zhì)的空氣過濾器和不足的空氣流通會影響發(fā)動機的效能并且炮塔驅(qū)動可靠性較差，容易卡住。視覺設(shè)備也很差，乘員在觀察坦克外部時缺乏足夠的態(tài)勢感知能力，甚至坦克車長也不能很好地觀察坦克外部。此外，t -34最初幾年缺乏無線電通訊設(shè)備，迫使坦克車長只能通過旗語交流，只有連指揮官的坦克安裝了無線電。坦克內(nèi)部的人體工程學(xué)并不好，而且內(nèi)部非常狹窄，沒有炮塔吊籃，裝填手必須在炮塔旋轉(zhuǎn)時努力在地板上拾取彈藥，這對裝填手來說是一項艱難且危險的工作。炮塔上的車長艙蓋也是一塊整體的，這使得指揮官在這些大型的整體艙蓋上甚至不可能看到一個“正面”的視圖。最后，雙人炮塔不僅是一個非常狹小的隔間，車長還要超負荷工作，他還得扮演炮手的角色。

T-34 1940型

The T-34 Mod. 1940 was the initial production variant of the T-34 and the first of the T-34/76 series. In its initial stages, it ran into political trouble from the conservative side, who wanted to keep the T-26 and BTs in production, that or keep the T-34 out of production as the more advanced T-34M completes its development to take over the tank role more effectively. However, these concerns were dissipated with the Winter War against Finland and the German Blitzkrieg tactics across Poland and France, which then advocated for the mass-production of the T-34 to compete against the Germans and improve the Soviet armoured forces.

T-34 1940型是T-34的最初生產(chǎn)改型和T-34/76系列的第一款。在最初階段，它遇到了來自保守派的政治干擾，他們想讓T-26和bt繼續(xù)生產(chǎn)，或者讓T-34停止生產(chǎn)，直到更先進的T-34M完成研發(fā)，來更有效地接管紅軍坦克的角色。然而，這些擔(dān)憂隨著對芬蘭的冬季戰(zhàn)爭和德國在波蘭和法國的閃電戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)術(shù)而消散，昔日的保守派隨即提倡大量生產(chǎn)T-34來與德國人對抗，并提高蘇聯(lián)裝甲部隊的戰(zhàn)斗力。

The production for the T-34 started in September 1940 and completely overtook the production of the T-26, BTs, and even the T-28 at the KhPZ plant. However, the new design features on the T-34 plus the heavier weight on the tank compared to its predecessors posed a problem to the Soviet industry due to insufficient toolings and machinery available in the majority of the Soviet manufacturing plants, thus defects in armour plates were present in the early models.

T-34的生產(chǎn)開始于1940年9月，并完全超過了T-26, bt，甚至在KhPZ工廠的T-28的產(chǎn)量。然而,與其前輩相比，T-34坦克的新的設(shè)計特點加重了坦克的重量，并對蘇聯(lián)工業(yè)提出了一個難題。由于在大多數(shù)蘇聯(lián)制造工廠可用的工具和機械不足，因此在早期模型上裝甲板會有缺陷。

The T-34 Mod. 1940 never saw wide use as the design was improved with better gun and layout. The L-11 76.2 mm gun was found to be insufficient in performance, so it was replaced by the newly designed F-34 gun, which was much better than its predecessors. The interior of the tank was also fitted with a 9-RS radio set (when available) and thicker, better quality armour on the tank. This new tank design would be the T-34 Mod. 1941 and this replaced the 1940 model, of which only 400 units were produced before it was phased out, in comparison to the 35,120 T-34/76 models produced in the war.

T-34 1940型并未被廣泛使用，因為后來它的設(shè)計改進了，炮和布局也更好了。軍方發(fā)現(xiàn)L-11 76.2毫米炮在性能上不夠用，所以它被新設(shè)計的F-34炮所取代，這比它的前身要好得多。坦克內(nèi)部也配備了9-RS電臺(如果有的話)和更厚、質(zhì)量更好的裝甲。這種新的坦克設(shè)計是T-34 1941型，它取代了1940型號，1940型號在被淘汰之前只生產(chǎn)了400輛，而在戰(zhàn)爭中共生產(chǎn)了35120輛T-34/76。

譯者注：上述的產(chǎn)量應(yīng)指月產(chǎn)量。

游戲描述

The most prolific and most popular soviet tank of World War II. It was developed in factory No. 183's design bureau for deployment in 1939. Around 100 of them were made by the end of 1940.

第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中產(chǎn)量最大最受歡迎的蘇聯(lián)坦克。1939年，為了展開部署生產(chǎn)，它在183工廠設(shè)計局升級完善。到1940年底，大約生產(chǎn)了100輛。

The T-34 Mod. 1940 had a hull and turret made of rolled armour plates set at a slope. Cast steel turrets were installed on some of the tanks. The vehicle was armed with a short-barrelled 76.2 mm L-11 Mod. 1938 cannon with a 30.5 calibre barrel length, and two DT machine guns, one paired with the cannon and the other a bow machine gun set in the frontal armour plate. Its designers used the Christie suspension with five large steel road wheels paired at each side and a large area of clearance between the second and third pairs. The T-34 Mod. 1940 became the standard model for all the tank's alternate designs. They had interchangeable parts, including the engine, armament, transmission and periscopes.

T-34 1940型的車體和炮塔是由傾斜的裝甲鋼制成的。一些坦克上安裝了鑄造炮塔。車輛裝備了一門短管30.5倍徑的76.2 mm L-11 1938型火炮，以及兩挺DT機槍，一門與火炮并列，另一門位于首上裝甲板上。它的設(shè)計者使用了克里斯蒂懸掛，兩側(cè)各有五個大型鋼制輪，第二對和第三對之間有很大的間隙。T-34 1940型成為所有坦克更迭設(shè)計的標(biāo)桿。他們有通用的部件，包括發(fā)動機、武器、變速箱和潛望鏡。

The T-34 had an unusually high power-to-weight ratio thanks to the new economic B-2 diesel engine. The tank enjoyed absolute superiority over other tanks of a comparable class in its mobility, manoeuvrability and moveability. The vehicle had a high weight limit, allowing for modernisation based on the results of combat deployment.

T-34有一個不凡的高功重比多虧了新的經(jīng)濟的B-2柴油發(fā)動機。該坦克在機動性、可操縱性和運動性方面相比其他同類坦克擁有絕對優(yōu)勢。車輛有很高的重量限制，允許基于戰(zhàn)斗部署的結(jié)果進行現(xiàn)代化。

When it was put into service, all the T-34's primary tactical and technical characteristics surpassed those of all the Wehrmacht's tanks. The flaws of the first series of this tank were its low motor operating time, unreliable gearbox, the incomplete design of its observation instruments, its crowded fighting compartment and its poorly placed ammunition complement.

當(dāng)T-34投入服役時，它所有的主要戰(zhàn)術(shù)和技術(shù)特征都超過了所有德國國防軍的坦克。第一代T-34的缺點是它的發(fā)動機使用壽命短，變速箱不可靠，觀瞄設(shè)備設(shè)計不完善，戰(zhàn)斗室擁擠和彈藥的堆放補充位置不當(dāng)。

Because of the poor development of relevant tactics, the deployment of these tanks at the beginning of the war was extremely unsuccessful. The crews were completely untrained, the tactical use of these tanks was poor, and their deficit of armour-piercing shells and lack of repair and evacuation equipment also had a negative effect. Practically all tanks of this type produced in 1940 were lost in the first two months of the war.

由于相關(guān)戰(zhàn)術(shù)的發(fā)展落后，這些坦克在戰(zhàn)爭開始時的部署是很失敗的。車組乘員完全沒有受過訓(xùn)練，這些坦克的戰(zhàn)術(shù)應(yīng)用很差，而且穿甲彈不足，缺乏維修和逃生設(shè)備也產(chǎn)生了負面影響。實際上，所有1940年生產(chǎn)的這型坦克在戰(zhàn)爭的頭兩個月里就損失殆盡了。

譯者注：上文的moveability譯者猜測原文想表達為地形通過性，modernisation譯者猜測為筆誤，原意可能想表達戰(zhàn)略機動的意思。

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