寫作詞匯如何積累？我們經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題是，機(jī)械地背了一些詞，但是真正寫文章的時(shí)候用不上，想不起來(lái)，而自己的文章，基本上都是拼湊出來(lái)的，用的也都是自己非常熟悉的的表達(dá)，來(lái)不及想高級(jí)表達(dá)，或者生硬套模板，原因是，我們輸入的內(nèi)容不一定能用在我們的寫作中，并且，我們輸入的時(shí)候沒(méi)有可以練習(xí)造句、輸出，輸入的就是干枯的，沒(méi)有語(yǔ)境的內(nèi)容，輸出就不會(huì)好到哪里去。因此，給大家的建議是，先在不同的與語(yǔ)境中理解這個(gè)詞，自己根據(jù)中文翻譯自己造句，錯(cuò)了沒(méi)關(guān)系，對(duì)比原文，思考哪里不對(duì)，記錄下來(lái)，反復(fù)練習(xí)，脫口而出。這些常用論證的表達(dá)，如果你能脫口而出，一定可以成為考場(chǎng)上作文的加分項(xiàng)。加油！

論證中經(jīng)常使用的方法是比較和對(duì)比，但是，除了compare and contrast之外，你是不是詞窮了呢？ 雅思詞匯多樣性可是一個(gè)重要評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，換詞是王道。首先，最常見(jiàn)的compared to 大家先根據(jù)下面的語(yǔ)境，練習(xí)自己造句翻譯，再比對(duì)原文，琢磨遣詞造句，這樣的互動(dòng)式吸收效果很好，不知不覺(jué)中，你還會(huì)習(xí)得很多大作文常用的主題詞、動(dòng)詞搭配。

提升寫作簡(jiǎn)單粗暴的方式，就是背句子。背單詞沒(méi)用，因?yàn)槟惚沉艘膊粫?huì)用，背范文沒(méi)用，因?yàn)檎纬瓡?huì)被判雷同，但是背誦搭配和句子是非常有用的。 背單詞不如背句子，當(dāng)你能脫口而出200個(gè)寫作句子的時(shí)候，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在寫的時(shí)候會(huì)自然寫出學(xué)到的搭配。這里給大家精心整理雅思寫作萬(wàn)能背誦金句，大家熟練朗讀，背起來(lái)！

compared to

翻譯練習(xí)

?今年的利潤(rùn)比去年高很多。

?現(xiàn)在男性的平均預(yù)期壽命為 77.6 歲，而 1960 年為 75 歲。

?醫(yī)療保健總支出約占 GDP 的 4%。與大多數(shù)相比其他發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體，這個(gè)數(shù)字很低。

? 與男性相比，女性的死亡率較低。

【答案句】

?This year's profits are much higher compared to last year's.

?The average male now has a life expectancy of 77.6 years, compared with 75 in 1960.

?Total spending on health care represents about 4 percent of GDP. Compared to most

other advanced economies, that figure is low.

?Mortality rates are lower for women as compared with men.

by comparison / in comparison

【翻譯練習(xí)】

?與其他群體相比，年輕男性司機(jī)發(fā)生事故的次數(shù)要多得多。

?與美國(guó)相比工資較低。

?在他早期的照片中，他使用了相當(dāng)暗淡的顏色。相比之下，他后來(lái)的作品要明亮得多。

?與花在啤酒廣告上的錢相比，花在牛奶廣告上的錢相形見(jiàn)絀（=遠(yuǎn)低于）。

【答案句】

?Young male drivers have far more accidents by comparison with other groups.

?Wages are low in comparison with the US.

?In his early pictures he used rather dull colours. His later work is much brighter in comparison.

?The amount of money spent on advertising milk pales in comparison to (=is much less than) the money spent on advertising beer.

next to / beside

【翻譯練習(xí)】

?與發(fā)展中國(guó)家人民面臨的問(wèn)題相比，我們的問(wèn)題顯得微不足道。

?他們的成就與他相比相形見(jiàn)絀。 （=它們似乎不那么重要）

【答案句】

?Our problems seem trivial next to those faced by people in the developing world.

?Their achievements pale beside his. (=they seem much less important)

as against / as opposed to

【翻譯練習(xí)】

?公司實(shí)現(xiàn)銷售額 4.04 億美元，而上一年為 3.1 億美元。

? 一項(xiàng)研究預(yù)測(cè)，42% 的女性大學(xué)畢業(yè)生將在余生保持單身，而男性畢業(yè)生的這一比例僅為 5%。

【答案句】

?The company achieved sales of $404 million, as against $310 million in the previous year.

?One study predicted that 42% of female university graduates would remain single the rest of their lives, as opposed to just 5% of male graduates.

unlike

【翻譯練習(xí)】

?與他的兄弟不同，他對(duì)音樂(lè)沒(méi)有興趣。

?與用于治療這種疾病的其他藥物不同，該藥物幾乎沒(méi)有副作用。

【答案句】

?Unlike his brother, he had no interest in music.

?The drug has very few side effects, unlike other drugs that are used to treat this illness.

in contrast / by contrast

used when mentioning the difference between two things, people, countries etc that you are comparing:

【翻譯練習(xí)】

?與島的南部相比，北部仍未受到旅游業(yè)的影響。

?與大多數(shù)其他主要工業(yè)化國(guó)家不同，美國(guó)和澳大利亞選擇不簽署關(guān)于氣候變化的京都議定書(shū)。

?研究表明，每次執(zhí)行的成本為 350 萬(wàn)美元。相比之下，將某人終身監(jiān)禁的成本約為 60 萬(wàn)美元。

【答案句】

?In contrast to the south of the island, the north is still untouched by tourism.

?The US and Australia, in contrast with most other leading industrialized nations, chose not to sign the Kyoto Protocol on climate change.

?Studies show that each execution costs $3.5 million. By contrast it costs about $600,000 to keep someone in prison for life.

in proportion to / in relation to

【翻譯練習(xí)】

?瑞典人按收入比例繳納最高稅率。

?他的頭與身體其他部分的比例很大。

?就其經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模而言，英國(guó)的國(guó)債高于美國(guó)。

【答案句】

?People from Sweden pay the highest rates of tax in proportion to their incomes.

?His head is big in proportion to the rest of his body.

?Britain's national debt was greater than that of the US in relation to the size of its economy.

relative

【翻譯練習(xí)】

?在他的文章中，他比較了住在農(nóng)村和住在大城市的相對(duì)優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

?現(xiàn)在判斷這些不同的相對(duì)重要性還為時(shí)過(guò)早因素。

?我們?nèi)绾谓忉屧诖髮W(xué)學(xué)習(xí)物理的女性相對(duì)缺乏？

【答案句】

?In his article he compares the relative merits of living in the countryside and living in a big city.

?It is too early to make a judgement about the relative importance of these different factors.

?How do we account for the relative lack of women studying physics at university?

compare verb

【翻譯練習(xí)】

?諾丁漢大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究將回收塑料袋的成本與

從頭開(kāi)始制作它們。

?伽利略比較了不同類型的物體落到地上所花費(fèi)的時(shí)間。

?這張圖表比較了進(jìn)入大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)歷史和化學(xué)的學(xué)生人數(shù)。

【答案句】

?A study by Nottingham University compared the cost of recycling plastic bags with

making them from scratch.

?Galileo compared the time it took for different types of object to fall to the ground.

?The graph compares the number of students joining the university to study history and chemistry.

make / draw a comparison

【翻譯練習(xí)】

?在她的文章中，她將人們現(xiàn)在的生活與50 年前的生活進(jìn)行了比較。

?可以對(duì)兩位詩(shī)人的作品進(jìn)行比較。

【答案句】

?In her article, she makes a comparison between people's lives now and 50 years ago.

?It is possible to draw a comparison between the two poets' work.

【注意哦】

Draw a comparison is more formal than make a comparison.

draw an analogy 二者很像，有可比性

【翻譯一下】

?有些人試圖將美國(guó)入侵伊拉克與越南戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)進(jìn)行類比。

【比對(duì)原文】

?Some people have attempted to draw an analogy between America's invasion of Iraq and the war in Vietnam.

draw a parallel 兩個(gè)不同的事物有相似之處

【翻譯一下】

?作者將亨利·詹姆斯精心設(shè)計(jì)的文筆與明頓繪畫中巧妙的圖案和奇特的細(xì)節(jié)相提并論。

?可以將她的作品與畢加索的作品相提并論。

【比對(duì)原文】

?The writer draws a parallel between Henry James's elaborate style of writing and the ingenious patterns and curious details in Minton's paintings.

?Parallels can be drawn between her work and that of Picasso.

liken somebody / something to ... 說(shuō)某人或某事與另一個(gè)人或事相似：

【翻譯一下】

?賭博常被比作毒癮。

?評(píng)論家將該劇比作亞瑟·米勒的作品。

【比對(duì)原文】

?Gambling is often likened to drug addiction.

?Critics have likened the play to Arthur Miller's work.

contrast 動(dòng)詞，比較兩件事、情況等，以表明它們之間的不同之處：

【翻譯一下】

?在她的小說(shuō)中，她對(duì)比了兩個(gè)家庭在截然不同的情況下的生活。

【比對(duì)原文】

?In her novel she contrasts the lives of two families in very different circumstances.

make / draw a distinction between 說(shuō)你認(rèn)為兩件事非常不同：

【翻譯】

?區(qū)分人們對(duì)犯罪的恐懼和真實(shí)情況很重要。

?作者區(qū)分了允許死亡發(fā)生和造成死亡。

【原文】

?It is important to make a distinction between people's fears about crime and the real situation.

?The author draws a distinction between allowing death to occur, and causing it.