·單詞

operation n.????手術(shù)；操作，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，經(jīng)營(yíng)；行動(dòng)

????·have an operation????接受手術(shù)：指在醫(yī)生的指導(dǎo)下，通過外科手段治療疾病或矯正身體缺陷的過程

????·business?operation????商業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)：指企業(yè)或組織為實(shí)現(xiàn)其目標(biāo)而進(jìn)行的各種商業(yè)活動(dòng)，包括生產(chǎn)、銷售、管理等方面

????·rescue operation????救援行動(dòng)：一種緊急情況下的行動(dòng)，旨在拯救處于危險(xiǎn)或困境中的人或物

????·military operation????軍事行動(dòng)：由軍隊(duì)執(zhí)行的有組織的行動(dòng)，通常是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)某種戰(zhàn)略或戰(zhàn)術(shù)目標(biāo)

successful adj.????成功的

????·success n.????成功

????·successfully adv.????成功地；順利地

????·succeed v.????成功，達(dá)成

following adj.????下一個(gè)

????·following day????次日：指在某一天之后的第二天

????·follow?v.????跟著，跟隨

????·除了 following 還可用 coming

????????·coming day????即將到來的一天

patient n.????病人

????·patient?adj.????能忍耐的，有耐心的

alone adj./adv.????獨(dú)自的

????·Leave me alone!????別管我：一個(gè)表示想要獨(dú)處或不想被打擾的請(qǐng)求

????·lonely adj.????偏僻的，人跡罕至的，孤單寂寞的（指心理）

????·練習(xí)

????·The old lady lived____, so she felt____.

????????·alone????lonely

exchange n.????（電話的）交換臺(tái)，交換

????·the hospital exchange????醫(yī)院的交換臺(tái)

????·exchange students????交換生

????·exchange v.????交換

????????·exchange seats/presents????交換 座位/禮物

inquire = ask v.????詢問，打聽

certain adj.????某個(gè)

caller n.????打電話的人

relative n.????親戚

????·relation n.????親戚

·本課句型

復(fù)習(xí)陳述句 直接引語(yǔ) 變 間接引語(yǔ)

他說：“我是笨蛋”

他說我是笨蛋????錯(cuò)

他說他是笨蛋????對(duì)

He says, 'I am a fool.'

????·He says that he is a fool.????本質(zhì)上是賓語(yǔ)從句

一般疑問句和特殊疑問句?直接引語(yǔ) 變 間接引語(yǔ)

1.引號(hào)打開 變賓語(yǔ)從句

????·看引號(hào)中的句子類型

????????·陳述句變賓語(yǔ)從句前加that

????????·一般疑問句變賓語(yǔ)從句，調(diào)整語(yǔ)序，把主語(yǔ)提到動(dòng)詞前，前面引導(dǎo)詞加上是否whether/if

????????·特殊疑問句變賓語(yǔ)從句，調(diào)整語(yǔ)序，把主語(yǔ)提到動(dòng)詞前

2.設(shè)身處地 轉(zhuǎn)換角度

????·人稱/時(shí)態(tài)/代詞或狀語(yǔ)等

練習(xí)

'I am inquiring about a certain patient ...'

Mr. Gilbert said____.

????·Mr. Gilbert said that he was?inquiring about a certain patient ... .

'Was my operation successful?'

He asked his doctor to tell him____.

????·He?asked his doctor to tell him whether his operation had been?successful.

????·因?yàn)榍鞍刖涞?asked 是一般過去時(shí)，而從句的 was 也是一般過去時(shí)，這時(shí)候就要運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)了，因?yàn)槭中g(shù)是先發(fā)生，后詢問的，所以要對(duì)從句的時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行改變，變成過去完成時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)先發(fā)生，一般過去時(shí)后發(fā)生。

'When will Mr. Gilbert be allowed to go home?'

He then asked____.

????·He then asked when Mr. Gibert would?be allowed to go home.?

????·前半句是asked，一般過去時(shí)，而從句 will be，一般將來時(shí)，拆開引號(hào)就要變換時(shí)態(tài)，他剛說完他什么時(shí)候能出院，到轉(zhuǎn)述的時(shí)候，他的說話的那個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)了，所以從句要往前推一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)，一般將來時(shí)變一般過去將來時(shí)，所以把 will 改為 would 變成一般過去將來時(shí)。

·課文

????While John Gilbert was in hospital, he asked his doctor to tell him whether his operation had been successful, but the doctor refused to do so. The following day, the patient asked for a bedside?telephone. When he was alone, he telephoned the hospital exchange and asked for Doctor Millington. When the doctor answered the phone, Mr Gilbert said he was inquiring about a certain patient, a Mr. John Gilbert. He asked if Mr.?Gilbert's operation had been successful and the doctor told him that it had been. He then asked when Mr. Gilbert would be allowed to go home and the doctor told him that he would have to stay in hospital for another two weeks. Then Dr. Millington asked the caller if he was a relative of the patient. 'No,' the patient answered, 'I am Mr. John Gilbert.'

refused to do????拒絕去做某事

so pron.????如此，這樣

????·'Is he coming?'????????'I hope so'????“他來嗎？”????????“我希望他來?！?/p>

????·They asked me to call them and I?did so??.????他們要我叫他們，于是我就叫了

answer? ? 接電話

·知識(shí)拓展

直接引語(yǔ) 變 間接引語(yǔ) 練習(xí)：

'I'm very tired,' he said.

He said____.

????·He said that he was very tired.

'Are they tired?' she asked.

She asked____.

????·She asked whether/if they were tired.

'Will Jack arrive tomorrow?' Tom asked.

????·Tom asked whether/if jack would arrive the next day.

????·注意，tomorrow 指的是當(dāng)時(shí)那天的明天，所以轉(zhuǎn)述要變成那天的明天，也就是下一天，the?next day，will 是一般將來時(shí)，而主句 asked 是一般過去時(shí)，所以從句往前推一個(gè)時(shí)間變?yōu)橐话氵^去將來時(shí)。

'Have you ever been abroad?' Tom asked.

????·Tom asked whether/if you had ever been abroad.

????·主句 asked 一般過去時(shí)，從句 have been，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，往前推一個(gè)時(shí)間，had been，過去完成時(shí)。

????·Tom asked whether/if I?had?ever been abroad.????如果 tom 問的是我，那我轉(zhuǎn)述就要用 I

'Why didn't he write to me?' she asked.

????·She asked why he had not wrote?to her.

????·兩個(gè)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 1. did 在特殊疑問句中充當(dāng)?shù)氖侵鷦?dòng)詞，按照陳述句來說就是 He wrote?to me，變成特殊疑問句需要加助動(dòng)詞和疑問詞，而新加的助動(dòng)詞 did 已經(jīng)有了?wrote 的時(shí)態(tài)，所以wrote變?yōu)樵?write，整個(gè)特殊疑問句就是?Why?did not?he?write?to?me。接下來看主句 asked 一般過去時(shí)，所以從句 did 一般過去時(shí)要往前推一個(gè)時(shí)間就變成了過去完成時(shí)，而變從句還要先改變語(yǔ)序，就變成了 he did?not write to me，然后改變時(shí)態(tài)?he?had?not wrote?to me。2. 句子中，她問的是：“他為什么沒有寫信給我”，這個(gè)“我”對(duì)應(yīng)的是她自己，所以在從句里要改變，變成 she 的賓格，也就是 her。