Introduction

European cities such as Rome and Bruges have decided to impose restrictions on tourism to prevent overcrowding and make life easier for the local residents. Rob and Sam talk about it and teach you related vocabulary.?

This week's question

According to Mastercard’s Global Destination Cities Index, what was the most visited city in 2018? Was it…

a) London

b) New York, or

c) Bangkok?

Listen to the programme to find out the answer.

Transcript

Note: This is not a word for word transcript??

Rob

Hello. This is 6 Minute English and I'm Rob. This is the programme where in just six minutes we discuss an interesting topic and teach some related English vocabulary. Well, joining me to do this is Sam.

Sam

Hello! So what’s our interesting topic today, Rob?

Rob

Something close to our hearts, Sam – it's travel.

Sam

Great!

Rob

But more and more of us are travelling to explore the world – many of us have more leisure time, and the cost of travelling has become relatively cheaper.

Sam

But here lies the problem – the places we’re visiting are becoming more crowded, sometimes spoiling the atmosphere and the beauty – the things we came to see in the first place!

Rob

This is why we’re going to be discussing how some cities around the world are putting restrictions on the tourists who visit. But that’s after I challenge you to answer this question, Sam! Are you ready?

Sam

Bring it on, Rob!

Rob

According to Mastercard’s Global Destination Cities Index, what was the most visited city in 2018? Was it…

a) London

b) New York, or

c) Bangkok?

Sam

All great places to visit – but I think I’ll stay close to home and say a) London.

Rob

OK. Well, as always I will reveal the answer later in the programme.?

Now, let’s start our journey in Italy’s capital city, Rome. Famous for its Colosseum, Trevi Fountain and many other things.

Sam

Lots of people are visiting, Rob – and locals and tourists have differing attitudes towards the way they?respect?these beautiful and historic sites.?Respect?here is a verb, to mean treat something with care.

Rob

Well, the authorities in the city fear that some tourists are showing disrespect to the city and have introduced laws to?clampdown?on certain behaviour.?Clampdown?means officially trying to stop or limit people doing something. Sabina Castelfranco is a journalist in the city. She told BBC Radio 4’s You and Yours programme why new restrictions have been introduced…

Sabina Castelfranco, journalist

The new rules are really to make sure that tourists do not?misbehave?when they are visiting tourist attractions in Rome. Romans don't like to see tourists walking around bare-chested, they don't like to see them wading in their fountains - so really the?objective?is to improve the life of the city for residents and for tourists themselves.

Sam

So, the new rules are to stop tourists?misbehaving?– that’s doing bad or inappropriate things. I’m sure not all visitors misbehave – but those who have been, have been wading – that’s walking through water – in the famous fountains and men have not been covering up the top half of their bodies – so, going bare-chested.

Rob

Not any more, Sam! These new laws have banned this with the?objective?of improving the life for the people of Rome – the Romans. An?objective?is a plan or aim to achieve something.

Sam

Other laws introduced in Rome, with the objective of improving the city, include giving out severe fines to people who drop litter and to those who attach ‘love padlocks’ to historic monuments.

Rob

Well, I guess if it makes the city a nicer place to visit for everyone, then it’s a good idea.?Well, let’s talk about another historic old city – Bruges in Belgium. The old and narrow streets are often packed with sightseers – so restrictions have been introduced there. Helen Coffey, deputy travel editor for the Independent newspaper, also spoke to the You and Yours programme, to explain what is going on…

Helen Coffey, Deputy Travel Editor, The Independent

Bruges was the latest city to say we're going to introduce new regulations to?crack down?on what they called the?Disneyfication?of their city. A really key one is they're going to?cap?the number of cruises that can dock, and actually this a big one that lots of cities do. They basically don't like cruise visitors because cruise visitors don't spend money.

Sam

So Helen mentioned a?crackdown?– which like?clampdown?– means taking action to restrict or stop certain activities. And Bruges wants to crack down on the?Disneyfication?of the city.

Rob

This term describes turning something into an artificial, not real, commercial environment, similar to a Walt Disney theme park. I’m not sure it’s that similar yet, but one way to maintain the authentic feel of the city is to?cap?the number of cruises that can dock.

Sam

Cap?means restrict or limit. It’s felt that visitors who come by cruise ship, don’t stay overnight and therefore don’t bring much money into the city. The message from the city authorities is ‘stay overnight or don’t come!’

Rob

Well, one city that has people visiting for the day or staying longer is the most visited city in the world – but where is that, Sam? Earlier I asked you what the most visited city in 2018 was? Was it…

a) London

b) New York, or

c) Bangkok?

Sam

And I said London.

Rob

That was in second place. The most visited city last year was Bangkok, in Thailand.

Sam

OK, Rob. Well, maybe what I can get right is a recap of today’s vocabulary. Starting with?respect. If you respect something you treat it with care.

Rob

We also discussed?clampdown, which means officially trying to stop or limit people doing something.?Crackdown?is a similar phrase.

Sam

To?misbehave?is to do something bad or inappropriate. And an?objective?is a plan or aim to achieve something.

Rob

Our next word is?Disneyfication?- a term that describes turning something into an artificial, not real, commercial environment, similar to a Walt Disney theme park.

Sam

And finally we had?cap?– which means restrict or limit.?

Rob

Well, we’ve had to cap this programme at 6 minutes – and we’re out of time. Goodbye!

Sam

Bye bye!

Vocabulary

respect

treat something or someone with care

clampdown?(or?crackdown)

officially trying to stop or limit people doing something

misbehave

do something bad or inappropriate

objective

a plan or aim to achieve something

Disneyfication

turning something into an artificial, not real, commercial environment, similar to a Walt Disney theme park

to cap

to restrict, to limit

雙語版Transcript

Hello. This is 6 Minute English and I'm Rob.

大家好。這里是六分鐘英語，我是羅伯。

This is the programme where in just six minutes we discuss an interesting topic and teach some related English vocabulary.

在這個節(jié)目中我們將在六分鐘的時間里討論一個有趣的話題，并教授一些相關(guān)的英語詞匯。

Well, joining me to do this is Sam.

和我搭檔的是薩姆。

Hello!

大家好！

So what's ourinteresting topic today, Rob?

所以我們今天有趣的話題是什么，羅伯？

Something closeto our hearts, Sam – it's travel.

貼近我們內(nèi)心的東西，薩姆——是旅行。

Great!

太棒了！

But more and more of us are travelling to explore the world.

但是越來越多的人去探索世界。

Many of us have more leisure time, and the cost of travelling has become relatively cheaper.

我們中的許多人有了更多的休閑時間，旅行的成本也變得相對便宜。

But here liesthe problem.

但問題就在這兒。

The places we're visiting are becoming more crowded, sometimes spoiling the atmosphere and the beauty – the things we came to see in the first place!

我們要去的地方變得越來越擁擠，有時會破壞氣氛和美景——那是我們首先要看到的事物！

This is why we're going to be discussing how some cities around the world are putting restrictions on the tourists who visit.

這就是為什么我們要討論世界上一些城市是如何限制參觀游客的。

But that's after I challenge you to answer this question, Sam! Are you ready?

但那是在我挑戰(zhàn)你回答這個問題之后，薩姆！你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？

Bring it on,Rob!

來吧，羅伯！

According to Mastercard's Global Destination Cities Index, what was the most visited city in2018?

根據(jù)萬事達(dá)卡全球旅游目的地城市指數(shù)，2018年游客游覽最多的城市是哪個？

Was it… a)London, b) New York, or c) Bangkok?

是a)倫敦，b)紐約，還是c)曼谷？

All greatplaces to visit – but I think I'll stay close to home and say a) London.

都是很棒的游覽之地，但我想我會待在離家很近的地方，選a)倫敦。

OK. Well, as always I will reveal the answer later in the programme.

好的。和往常一樣，稍后我將在節(jié)目中揭曉答案。

Now, let's start our journey in Italy's capital city, Rome.

現(xiàn)在，讓我們從意大利首都羅馬開始我們的旅程。

Famous for its Colosseum, Trevi Fountain and many other things.

它以羅馬競技場、特雷維噴泉和其它許多事物而聞名。

Lots of people are visiting, Rob – and locals and tourists have differing attitudes towardsthe way they respect these beautiful and historic sites.

很多人都在旅游，羅伯，而且當(dāng)?shù)厝撕陀慰妥鹬剡@些美麗的歷史遺跡的方式有所不同。

Respect here isa verb, to mean treat something with care.

"Respect"在這里是動詞，意思是小心對待某事物。

Well, the authorities in the city fear that some tourists are showing disrespect to thecity and have introduced laws to clampdown on certain behaviour.

好吧，城市政府部門擔(dān)心一些游客對城市表現(xiàn)出不尊重，并且已經(jīng)出臺法律來限制某些行為。

Clampdown means officially trying to stop or limit people doing something.

"Clampdown"指的是官方地試圖阻止或限制人們做某事。

SabinaCastelfranco is a journalist in the city.

薩拜娜·卡斯特爾弗蘭科是該城市的一名記者。

She told BBCRadio 4's You and Yours programme why new restrictions have beenintroduced…?The new rules are really to make sure that tourists do notmisbehave when they are visiting tourist attractions in Rome.

她告訴BBC廣播4頻道的You and Yours節(jié)目為什么會出臺新的限制……新規(guī)定是為了確保游客在游覽羅馬旅游景點(diǎn)時不會行為不端。

Romans don'tlike to see tourists walking around bare-chested, they don't like to see themwading in their fountains.

羅馬人不喜歡看到游客袒胸露背四處走動，他們不喜歡看到游客在噴泉里蹚水。

So really the objective is to improve the life of the city for residents and for touriststhemselves.

所以真正的目的是改善城市居民和游客自己的生活。

So, the newrules are to stop tourists misbehaving – that's doing bad or inappropriatethings.

所以，新規(guī)定是為了阻止游客行為不端，即做不好或不合適的事情。

I'm sure notall visitors misbehave?– but those who have been, have been wading – that'swalking through water – in the famous fountains and men have not been coveringup the top half of their bodies – so, going bare-chested.

我確定不是所有的游客都行為不端，而是那些曾在著名的噴泉里趟水的人——那是說從水里走過，以及那些沒有遮住上半身的人——所以是說袒胸露背。

Not any more,Sam!

再也不會這樣了，薩姆！

These new laws havebanned this with the objective of improving the life for the people of Rome –the Romans.

這些新法律禁止這樣做，其目的是改善羅馬的人們——羅馬人的生活。

An objective isa plan or aim to achieve something.

"目的"是為達(dá)成某事的計劃或目標(biāo)。

Other laws introduced in Rome, with the objective of improving the city,?include giving?out severe fines to people who drop litter and to those who attach 'lovepadlocks' to historic monuments.

為改善城市環(huán)境，羅馬還出臺了其它法律，包括對亂扔垃圾的人和在歷史遺跡上掛"愛情掛鎖"的人處以重罰。

Well, I guessif it makes the city a nicer place to visit for everyone, then it's a goodidea.

好吧，我想如果它能讓這個城市成為一個對大家來說更棒的游覽之地，那它是個好主意。

Well, let's talk about another historic old city – Bruges in Belgium.

讓我們來談?wù)劻硪粋€歷史悠久的城市——比利時的布魯日。

The old andnarrow streets are often packed with sightseers – so restrictions have beenintroduced there.

悠久而狹窄的街道上常常擠滿了觀光客，所以那里實(shí)行了限制。

Helen Coffey,deputy travel editor for the Independent newspaper, also spoke to the You andYours programme, to explain what is going on…

《獨(dú)立報》的旅游副編輯海倫·科菲也接受了You and Yours節(jié)目的采訪，解釋了目前的情況。

Bruges was thelatest city to say we're going to introduce new regulations to crack down onwhat they called the Disneyfication of their city.

布魯日是最新一個表示自己即將出臺新規(guī)來限制所謂的迪士尼化的城市。

A really keyone is they're going to cap the number of cruises that can dock, and actuallythis a big one that lots of cities do.

一個非常關(guān)鍵的問題是，他們將限制可?？康挠屋啍?shù)量，實(shí)際上，很多城市都在這么做。

They basically don't like cruise visitors because cruise visitors don't spend money.

本質(zhì)上來說他們不喜歡游輪游客，因?yàn)橛屋営慰筒换ㄥX。

So Helen mentioned a crackdown – which like clampdown – means taking action to restrictor stop certain activities.

所以海倫提到了打擊——就像限制——那指的是采取行動限制或叫停某些活動。

And Bruges wants to crack down on the Disneyfication of the city.

布魯日想要打擊這座城市的迪士尼化。

This termdescribes turning something into an artificial, not real, commercialenvironment, similar to a Walt Disney theme park.

這個詞描述的是把某事物變成一個人造的，不真實(shí)的商業(yè)環(huán)境，類似于迪士尼主題公園。

I'm not sure it's that similar yet, but one way to maintain the authentic feel of the cityis to cap the number of cruises that can dock.

我還不確定它是否相似，但保持城市真實(shí)感的一種方法是限制可?？康挠屋啍?shù)量。

Cap means restrict or limit.

"Cap"指的是約束或限制。

It's felt that visitors who come by cruise ship, don't stay overnight and therefore don'tbring much money into the city.

有一種感覺，坐游輪來的游客不會在這里過夜，因此不會給這座城市帶來多少錢。

The message from the city authorities is 'stay overnight or don't come! '

該城市政府部門發(fā)出的信息是——要么在這里過夜，要么不要來！

Well, one citythat has people visiting for the day or staying longer is the most visited cityin the world – but where is that, Sam?

好的，有一個城市是世界上游客游覽最多的城市，游客在那里停留一天或更長時間，但那是在哪里，薩姆？

Earlier I asked you what the most visited city in 2018 was?

之前我問你2018年游客游覽最多的城市是哪個？

Was it… a)London b) New York, or c) Bangkok?

是a)倫敦，b)紐約，還是c)曼谷？

And I saidLondon.

我說是倫敦。

That was insecond place.

那是游客游覽第二多的地方。

The most visited city last year was Bangkok, in Thailand.

去年游客最多的城市是泰國的曼谷。

OK, Rob. Well,maybe what I can get right is a recap of today's vocabulary.

好的，羅伯。也許我能做對的是回顧一下今天的詞匯。

Starting withrespect. If you respect something you treat it with care.

從"尊重"開始。如果你尊重某事物，你就會小心對待它。

We also discussed clampdown, which means officially trying to stop or limit peopledoing something.

我們還討論了"限制"，那指的是官方地試圖阻止或限制人們做某事。

Crackdown is a similar phrase.

"打擊"是相似的短語。

To misbehave is to do something bad or inappropriate.

"行為不端"是指做了不好或不合適的事情。

And anobjective is a plan or aim to achieve something.

而"目的"是實(shí)現(xiàn)某事的一個計劃或目標(biāo)。

Our next wordis Disneyfication - a term that describes turning something into an artificial,not real, commercial environment, similar to a Walt Disney theme park.

我們下一個單詞是"迪士尼化"，這個詞描述的是把某事物變成一個人造的，不真實(shí)的商業(yè)環(huán)境，類似于迪士尼主題公園。

And finally we had cap – which means restrict or limit.

最后我們學(xué)了"cap"，意思是約束或限制。

Well, we've had to cap this programme at 6 minutes – and we're out of time.

好的，我們不得不把這個節(jié)目的時間限制在6分鐘，我們沒時間了。

Goodbye!